Unit 2 Looking different词汇精讲精练词汇精讲1. favorite
favorite可以做形容词也可以做名词,作名词时意为“最喜欢的⼈(物)”。在句⼦中常可以与“like…best”互换。例如:What’s your favorite color? 你最喜欢什么颜⾊?Music is my favorite. ⾳乐是我的最爱。2. have
have 意为“吃、喝、买、拥有”等,是个多意词,它的第三⼈称单数形式是has。have在不同的句⼦中有不同的意思。例如:What do you have for breakfast?早餐你吃什么?(吃)Let’s have a cup of tea.让我们喝杯茶吧。(喝)I have a new watch.我有块新⼿表。(有)【拓展】
(1)eat 与have 都可以表⽰“吃”的意思,有时两者可互换。例如:I eat (have) an apple every day. 我每天吃⼀个苹果。They are having (eating) their lunch. 他们在吃中饭。
(2)eat 可⽤作不及物动词,后⾯不跟宾语。但是have没有这个⽤法。例如:We eat well at noon. 我们午饭吃的很好。
【注意】“吃药”习惯说“have(take) medicine”,不说“eat medicine”。3. actor
actor 名词,意为“演员”,专指⼥演员时⽤actress。是由动词动act后缀or变来的,act意为“表演,⾏动”等。英⽂中常在动词的后⾯加上词缀-er, -or,-ist等变成表⽰职业名词,总结如下:(1) 以-ist结尾的有:
pianist钢琴家 chemist化学家 violinist⼩提琴家physicist物理学家 scientist科学家(2) 以-er,-r或-or结尾的有:
teacher教师 painter画家 writer作家 singer歌唱家 visitor参观者actor演员 engineer⼯程师 inventor发明家 professor教授 reporter记者(3) 以-man结尾的有:
postman邮递员 policeman警察 businessman商⼈ spaceman宇航员fisherman渔夫 dustman清洁⼯(4) 以-ian结尾的有:
musician⾳乐家 politician政治家4. letter
(1) letter 名词,可以指信件,receive a letter from sb. 意为“收到某⼈的来信”相当于“hear from sb.”。例如:I received a letter from my aunt yesterday. 昨天我收到了我姑姑的⼀封信。(2)letter作名词,还有“字母”的意思。例如:
There is a letter “a” in the word. 这个单词⾥有⼀个字母“a”。5. like
(1)like 动词,意为“喜欢,喜爱”。后⾯可以跟名词或者代词作宾语,也可以跟动词不定式(to do)或者动名词(doing)作宾语。跟“to do”做宾语时,表⽰某⼀次的⾏为倾向;跟“doing”做宾语时表⽰⼀种习惯或者爱好。例如:I like English. 我喜欢英语。(名词作宾语)
Usually I like doing my homework after supper, but today I like to watch TV.
我通常喜欢晚饭后做作业,但是今天我想看电视。(动名词和动词不定式做宾语)(2)like 介词,意为“像;与……相似”,对应的反义词为unlike。短语look like表⽰“看起来像……”。例如:Draw it like this! 照这样画!
She looks like her mother. 她长得像她妈妈。
(3)like还可以作名词,表⽰“爱好,喜好”,常⽤于复数形式,它的反义词是dislike。例如:Please tell me your likes anddislikes. 请告诉我你的好恶。6. pair
pair 意为“⼀双,⼀对”,常⽤于词组a pair of,接名词的复数形式;其中的pair可有单复数变化,谓语动词的单复数形式要以pair的单复数为准。例如:
This pair of jeans is very good. 这条⽜仔裤很好。
The two pairs of sports shoes are my uncle’s. 这两双运动鞋是我叔叔的。【拓展】与a pair of构成的短语:
a pair of shoes ⼀双鞋 a pair of gloves ⼀副⼿套a pair of socks ⼀双短袜 a pair of glasses ⼀副眼镜a pair of scissors ⼀把剪⼑ a pair of trousers ⼀条裤⼦a pair of chopsticks ⼀双筷⼦ a pair of shorts ⼀条短裤7. cool
(1)cool形容词,意为“凉爽的”;warm 意为“暖和的”,这是⼀组反义词,常⽤来描述天⽓;也常⽤来做定语或者表语。例如:
It’s warm in spring and cool in autumn. 春天天⽓暖和,秋天天⽓凉爽。
(2)cool 作形容词,还有“酷的,绝妙的”之意。⽤来赞美⼈、物或者事。例如:He looks cool in his new T-shirt. 他穿上新T恤看上去很酷。
8. 物主代词
物主代词表⽰所有关系,它可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。
名词性物主代词可以在句⼦中作主语、表语和宾语,相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。形容词性物主代词在句⼦中作定语,后⾯接名词。例如:
This isn’t my coat. Mine (=My coat) is in the classroom.这不是我的⼤⾐,我的(⼤⾐)放在教室⾥了。This is my book. 这是我的书。9. cloth, clothes&clothing
(1)cloth是不可数名词,意思是“布料”,“⼀块布”应译为a piece of cloth,但⼀块有专门⽤途的布则可以⽤a,如:a tablecloth(⼀块桌布)。例如:
Two yards of cloth will be enough for a skirt.两码布可以缝制⼀条裙⼦。This cloth wears well.这布料很耐穿。
(2)clothes意思是“⾐服”,⼀般⽤a suit of clothes表⽰,clothes本⾝通常不与数词连⽤,但可以和many,these,my这类词连⽤。例如:
Please put on your clothes.It’s too cold.天太冷了,请穿上你的⾐服。She has many clothes.她有很多⾐服。
Fine clothes make the man.(谚语)佛要⾦装,⼈要⾐装。
(3)clothing是集合名词,是所⽤服装的总称,没有复数形式,后⾯要接单数动词。例如:This shop sells women'sclothing.这家商店卖妇⼥服装。
All the clothing in the shop is very cheap.这家商店所有的⾐服都很便宜。10. find; find out&look for
这⼀组词均有“寻找,找”的含义。find强调找的结果,表⽰“找到”;find out强调经过仔细调查、分析,表⽰“弄清楚,弄明⽩”;look for强调找的动作,表⽰“寻找”。例如:Tim is looking for his little dog. Tim正在找他的⼩狗。
I want to find out what time the train leaves.我想弄清楚⽕车⼏点钟出发。I found the dog there. 我发现那只狗在那⾥。11. police
police 作名词,意为“警察”,属集体名词,复数含义,不能与a连⽤;作主语时谓语动词要⽤复数形式。复合名词policeman / policewoman 有单复数之分,对应的复数分别为policemen /policewomen。例如:
The police try to save the old man. 警察们设法救这位⽼⼈。
Policemen and policewomen work in a police station. 警察在警察局⾥⼯作。
12. other
(1)other 表⽰泛指的“其他”,没有⼗分具体的范围,后⾯可以接名词。例如:You mustn’t lend the book to other people. 你不能把书借给别⼈。
(2)other常⽤于“one……,the other……”结构中,意为“⼀个……,另⼀个……”, the other 在这⾥指两个中的“另⼀个”,或者“两部分中的另⼀部分”。例如:
I have two sisters. One is a worker, the other is a teacher.我有两个姐姐。⼀个是⼯⼈,另⼀个是⽼师。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 寻找________
2. ⼀双,⼀对__________3. blond hair ________4. wide mouth _________5. 最喜欢的⾷物_________6. ⼀件粉红⾊的短裙__________
II. 根据句意及⾸字母和汉语提⽰写出所缺单词。1. It is one of my_______ (最喜欢的) TV programme.
2. She always likes to buy the c________ made of this kind of cloth in that clothing store.3. Can you find out some i__________ about Bill Gates.4. He is friendly to o_________ people.5. —What does he l____ like?—He’s tall and strong.
6. —Yao Ming is tall and strong.—Yes. He is c____.
7. The apple is g____. Please give me a red one.8. Here’s a pencil. C____ it yellow, please.9. Look at that girl! She is in yellow d____.10. The teacher is old, but the students are y____.III. ⽤括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The police ______ (be) looking for the lost child.2. This is Li Ming. He ____(have) big hands.3. I have two big ____(foot).
4. —Does she ____(have)a small mouth?—Yes, she does.
5. Look! Her ____ (eye)are big.6. —Whose dress is this?
—It’s ____ (I).
7. This bike isn’t Mary’s. ____ (she) is over there (在那边).8. Are those ____ (you) apples?
9. These are our oranges. Those are ____ (their).10. Mr. Gao is ____ (he) teacher.
1. —Please give this ____ to Joan.—OK. I’ll give it to her.
2. Paul is short and he____ blue eyes.3. —Are these your ____?—Yes, they are.
4. —Do you know Maria?—____, I don’t know her.
5. We have two hands and two ____.参考答案:I. 英汉互译。1. look for2. a pair of3. ⾦黄⾊的头发4. ⼤嘴巴5. favorite food6. a pink skirt
II. 根据句意及⾸字母和汉语提⽰写出所缺单词。1. favorite2. clothes3. information4. other5. look6. cool7. green8. Color
9. dress 10. young
III. ⽤括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. are2. has
3. feet4. have5. eyes6. mine7. Hers8. your9. theirs 10. his
Ⅳ. 根据句意, 从⽅框中选择合适的单词填空。1. letter2. has3. shoes4. Sorry5. feet
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