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备战中考英语巩固复习完型填空有关于科普环保(含解析)

2020-05-29 来源:爱go旅游网
2019备战中考英语巩固复习-完型填空-有关于科普环保(含解析)

一、完形填空

1.根据短文理解, 从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

Have you ever planted a few trees on Tree Planting Day? Each year, millions of people, both 1 , plant a lot of trees. But this may not be the best way to make your home 2 . Last week we visited a park in Hebei. We were 3 to find most of the trees had been burned. The workers told us that the trees 4 soon after they were planted because they weren't watered well enough. 5 workers burned them and cleaned the place for 6 trees to be planted this year. 7 a card found in one of the dead trees, a student wrote, \"I hope this tree will grow up with me to 8 the backbone(栋梁) of our country.\" The workers said that the survival(存活) of the trees was really more important than 9 trees were planted.

Some people in Beijing now have a new idea that they can donate(捐赠) some money and let professional (专业人士) plant and 10 the trees. 1. A. students and teachers 2. A. smaller 3. A. pleased 4. A. died 5. A. Though 6. A. few 7. A. Over 8. A. need 9. A. how many 10. A. take out

B. old and young B. colder B. happy B. grew B. When B. old B. From B. hold B. when B. take down

C. boys and girls C. better C. surprised C. bought C. So C. new C. On C. be C. how soon C. take care of

2.阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。

Red squirrels were common (常见的) in British forests and countryside. But there are 1 than 140,000 red squirrels left now and most of them are in Scotland. However, grey squirrels are now so common that many people 2 them. They can hunt and kill them legally (合法的).

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The two types of squirrels look similar. They both have a long 3 , which helps the squirrel to jump from tree to tree, and the same large eyes, small ears and powerful back legs. 4 , the grey squirrel has a clear advantage (优势) over the red. The red squirrel has a

head—and—body length of 19 to 23 cm and a tail length of 15 to 20 cm. But the grey squirrel is a 5 animal. The head—and—body length is between 23 and 30 cm. This 6 allows (允许) them to store more fat and 7 them to live in a hard winter. So why is the number of red squirrels smaller than that of grey squirrels? Size is one reason, but there are others. Red squirrels live high up in 8 , while grey squirrels spend more of their time on the ground. This means the missing of forests greatly influences the red squirrel's population. Another reason for the grey squirrel's success (成功) is its 9 to get food easily from people. Like the fox, the grey squirrel 10 live in towns and cities. The other problem for the red squirrel is illness, it is fatal (致命的) to them. 1. A. later 2. A. dislike 3. A. head 4. A. Instead 5. A. smaller 6. A. size 7. A. asks 8. A. trees 9. A. quality 10. A. may

B. fewer B. like B. tail B. Moreover B. cleverer B. height B. helps B. hills B. hobby B. must

C. more C. watch C. nose C. Otherwise C. larger C. weight C. tells C. skies C. ability C. should

D. less D. find D. mouth D. However D. funnier D. fur D. teaches D. clouds D. appearance D. can

3.通读全文,根据对短文的理解,选择正确的答案填空。

I can't remember when I started collecting litter. But it was when I got tired of 1 litter nearby that I realized no one else was going to pick it up.

I live near a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there 2 three minutes. I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was 3 much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided to clean up the forest, and I wanted to 4 happy when I went again. I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes 5 I started to pick up litter, my bag was full! There were cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it. From then on, I 6 to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I often stay there for three hours. It makes me feel 7 to do something for the environment. After each trip, I look through all the litter that I've collected.

If 8 of it is recyclable(可回收利用的), I'll keep it. I can't understand why people drop litter. But I will keep on picking it up 9 they stop dropping it. I

know I am only doing a small bit 10 the earth, but I still think it is important.

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1. A. seeing 2. A. after 3. A. such 4. A. make 5. A. after 6. A. had gone 7. A. tired 8. A. any 9. A. until 10. A. helped 佳选项。

B. throwing B. for B. very B. feel B. later B. have gone B. sad B. few B. after B. to help

C. dropping C. in C. so C. find C. before C. go C. great C. many C. as soon as C. help

4.先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最 You're thirsty and you get yourself a glass of water. Do you ever 1 how old that water really is? The glass of water that you're 2 may have fallen from the sky as rain only last week. However, water itself has been around pretty much as 3 as the earth has! In fact, 4 oceans, seas and rivers cover 70%of the earth, there is a 5 supply(供给)of water, which keeps on moving round the earth. This is 6 of what's known as the water cycle. The sun heats up water and it turns into clouds, which are 7 from water vapor(水蒸气).When the clouds become 8 , the water falls back onto the earth as rain. Of course, clean water is absolutely

essential for good health. The amount of safe drinking water has gone up around the world, but 9 one billion humans are still in great need 10 clean, drinkable water. 1. A. decide 2. A. feeling 3. A. soon 4. A. unless 5. A. limited 6. A. except 7. A. risen 8. A. strong 9. A. mostly 10. A. to

B. wonder B. making B. early B. until B. slim B. because B. raised B. complete B. nearly B. for

C. discover C. eating C. far C. although C. narrow C. plenty C. formed C. heavy C. specially C. of

D. suggest D. drinking D. long D. otherwise D. lasting D. instead D. found D. broad D. hardly D. at

5.完形填空 Do you drink bottle water? How long does it 1 you to drink a bottle of water? Maybe just five minutes. But the plastic (塑料的) bottle will stay in nature(大自然) for 500 years! Plastic does not disappear (消失) 2 It is a big 3 for humans. There are many plastic things in our lives. They are cheap, light and

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easy to make. Every year, the world uses 500 billion plastic bags. Every minute, we buy 1

million plastic bottles. The plastic we throw 4 in one year can circle (环绕) Earth 5 ! For plastic things, the trash can (垃圾桶) is not 6 place they go in their lives. Every minute, a full truck of plastic things 7 into the sea. They make the seawa ter 8 .They are dangerous for sea animals, too, 9 when they eat. So, is there 10 useful we can do to help? Here are some tips.(小提示) First, carry your own cup to school. Second, take cloth (布的) bags to shopping, and buy fewer new toys, or you can exchange toys with your friends. Yes, just these small things, then you can help make the world a better place. 1. A. pay 2. A. easy 3. A. answer 4. A. up 5. A. four 6. A. the only 7. A. go 8. A. dirty 9. A. really 10. A. anything

B. cost B. easily B. surprise B. away B. the fourth B. the first B. goes B. clean B. totally B. any thing

C. take C. difficult C. example C. down C. four times C. the very C. come C. cold C. absolutely C. some thing

D. spend D. difficultly D. problem D. far

D. the fourth time D. the second D. comes D. hot D. especially D. some things

6.阅读短文,掌握其大意,然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Hearing is very important to all of us. We can 1 beautiful music, nice songs of birds, the laughter(笑声) of people or other different kinds of 2 in the world with our ears. 3 we must try to protect our ears. The following will tell you 4 protect ears.

Listening to 5 music a lot can be bad for ears, 6 when headphones (耳机) are used. So 7 the volume(音) when you're wearing headphones or try not to wear headphones. You should give your ears a rest if you like wearing headphones. Before swimming, remember 8 earplugs (耳塞) into y our ears or wear a swim hat to stop water 9 into your ears.

If you are going to a concert, wear earplugs to protect your ears 10 the terrible music! 11 , special ear can be made for you if you go to concerts a lot or if you are a musician yourself.

See a doctor if your ears 12 . 13 some medicine if the doctor asks you to do so. 14 the advice above now and you won't be saying “what?\" when you are getting 15 . 1. A. listen 2. A. sounds

B. hear B. noise

C. listening C. voices

D. hear of D. barks

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3. A. Because 4. A. what 5. A. loud 6. A. specially 7. A. turn on 8. A. put 9. A. get 10. A. for 11. A. In fact 12. A. break 13. A. Drink 14. A. Listen 15. A. young 7.完形填空

B. Although B. how B. aloud B. especial B. turn off B. to put B. to get B. from B. In short B. sick B. Eat B. Hear B. old

C. So C. what to C. loudly C. special C. turn down C. putting C. with getting C. with C. In general C. ill C. Take C. Follow C. sick

D. But D. how to D. quiet D. especially D. turn up D. to putting D. from getting D. at D. In a word D. hurt D. Have D. Fetch D. tired

Water is very important in our life. We drink it every day and 1 it to cook and wash things. We cannot live 2 water. But how can we save water?

There are several ways to save water. Firstly, take shorter showers and don't leave the tap 3 when we don't need to use water. 4 , try to reuse water. It's the most important way for us to save water. At last, we should not 5 water so that we will have 6 water for years and years. To protect water is to 7 our life. Some people think there's much water 8 the Earth. In fact, there is only 9 water for us to use now. If we don't save it, it will surely be used out some day.

So we should save water in order to save 10 . Do you think so? 1. A. put 2. A. without 3. A. stopping 4. A. Second 5. A. waste 6. A. fresh 7. A. make 8. A. in 9. A. a little 10. A. us

B. make B. with B. rising B. Secondly B. use B. new B. live B. for B. a few B. earth

C. take C. on C. running C. Moreover C. pollute(污染) C. good C. protect C. on C. little C. world

D. use D. in D. growing D. However D. drink D. hot D. lose D. at D. few D. ourselves

8.通读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 We see many animals, like rabbits, bees, dogs, birds, sheep…,but do you know 1

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these animals say things? First,let's see a rabbit. When a rabbit sees 2 dangerous(危险的),it runs away at once. When it runs, its tail moves up and 3 .When others see this, they run away, 4 . Many other animals use this kind of language(语言). When a bee has found some food, it goes back to 5 home. It cannot tell 6 bees where the food is by speaking to them,but it does a little dance in the air. This may tell other bees 7 the food is.

Some animals say things by 8 sounds like a man does. For example,a dog barks when a stranger(陌生人)comes near. Some birds can make several 9 sounds, each with its own meaning. In a word, every animal 10 its own language. 1. A. how 2. A. nothing 3. A. up 4. A. also 5. A. their 6. A. the other 7. A. what 8. A. making 9. A. strange 10. A. there is 最佳答案。

People think earthquakes are terrible. That's 1 to understand. No one knows when an earthquake will happen. But we can do something to 2 for it. So when it happens, we can 3 ourselves. What governments should do

Governments 4 to teach people about what earthquakes are and where earthquakes easily happen in the country, 5 people will know about earthquakes and what to do when they happen.

Governments should also make sure that some places 6 fire stations, police stations, hospitals and schools are working well when emergencies (突发情况) happen. What people should do

During an earthquake, try to 7 away from things like buildings, trees, windows and so on. 8 yourself under a piece of strong furniture. Move into the open places when an earthquake happens. Go out of the building if 9 because the building may fall down.

B. when B. something B. again B. too B. they're B. small B. how B. make B. interesting B. there are

C. why C. anything C. down C. either C. its C. all the C. where C. taking C. useful C. have

D. where D. everything D. on D. back D. it's D. many D. whose D. take D. different D. has

9.先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的

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There are usually aftershock (余震) hours, days and even months after a main 10 . Try to protect yourself and pay attention to them. In a word, don't be afraid of earthquakes. 1. A. right 2. A. prepare 3. A. hear 4. A. offer 5. A. if 6. A. like 7. A. put 8. A. Hurt 9. A. possible 10. A. storm

B. wrong B. ask B. call B. need B. but B. for B. take B. Hide B. important B. earthquake

C. easy C. look C. check C. forget C. so C. by C. clear C. Enjoy C. interesting C. rain

D. difficult D. wait D. protect D. agree D. till D. to D. stay D. Lose D. confident D. accident

10.根据短文理解,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

Many scientists say that the world is getting hotter and hotter. If they are right, the ice at the North and South Pole will melt eventually. If this happens, the sea will 1 and may cover most or all of Singapore. This will force everybody to move to a 2 country.

We know that the sun 3 the earth. The heat from the sun hits the ground, and some of it goes back into the sky. However, factories and cars 4 a lot of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). When the gas rises into the sky, the heat from the sun can come through them but the heat from the ground cannot. It 5 near us in the sky and makes the 6 hotter and hotter every year.

Scientists 7 this the “greenhouse effect” because a greenhouse is a small glass building which is hot inside. It is used for 8 plants in cool countries. Many countries are 9 about the “greenhouse effect”. They are trying to stop factories and cars from sending 10 gases into the sky. Scientists are not sure when the world will get much hotter. Some people say that the “greenhouse effect\" has started already and has begun to affect (影响) the world's weather. 1. A. rise 2. A. hotter 3. A. creates 4. A. make 5. A. hides 6. A. cloud 7. A. ask

B. fall

C. change

B. larger C. safer B. circles C. heats B. spread

C. produce

B. continues C. stays B. air B. call

C. season C. tell

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8. A. putting 9. A. worried

B. storing B. happy

C. growing C. confident C. heavy

10. A. dangerous B. harmful

11. We have no idea about 1 men first began to use salt. But we do know that it had been used in many different ways 2 the history.

For example, in many history books it is 3 that people who lived three thousand years ago 4 salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt(埃及), salt 5 keep the dead. It can keep the dead bodies 6 decay.(腐烂)

In the eighteenth century, a person who stole salt was 7 to have broken the 8 . if a person was caught stealing salt, he would be thrown into 9 . Books also record that in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during that century 10 stealing salt! In the year 1553, if a man took 11 than his share of salt, he would be thought to have broken the law and would be 12 punished(惩罚).

oSalt was very 13 on the dinner table of a king. It was always put 14 the king when he sat down to eat. Then important visitors sat near the salt 15 less important visitors were given seats farther away from it. 1. A. when 2. A. throughout 3. A. say 4. A. eat 5. A. used to 6. A. off 7. A. think 8. A. law 9. A. pool 10. A. because 11. A. more 12. A. serious 13. A. important 14. A. in the front of 15. A. when 12.完形填空

Man has 1 four kinds of satellites. The first kind of satellites studies the 2 of the earth. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see 3 they can find oil or gold.

The second kind of satellites is used to guide 4 and planes. A ship or a

B. where B. thought B. reported B. ate B. was used to B. from B. consider B. glass B. hill B. because of B. less B. bad B. necessary B. behind B. as

C. what C. though C. recorded C. eating C. was used C. on C. thoughtful C. computer C. prison C. by C. fewer C. terrible C. clever C. in front of C. however

D. which D. although D. reading D. have eaten D. used D. out D. thought D. time D. river D. as D. most D. seriously D. cheerful D. before D. while

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plane can 5 a message to the satellite, and the satellite can find out where it is. The third kind of satellites studies the 6 . These satellites watch clouds and strong winds 7 across the earth. They warn countries to make preparations when very 8 weather is coming. They take photos of the earth from miles above it and send the photos to weather 9 on the ground. The last kind is used for 10 .Telephone calls 11 countries can be sent by these satellites. Some can carry hundreds of 12 at one time. The call is sent to the satellite and then the satellite send it to the station in the country 13 is being phoned. These satellites also

carry 14 , they can send about eight programs 15 . 1. A. discovered 2. A. chemistry 3. A. what 4. A. ships 5. A. bring 6. A. history

7. A. moved 8. A. bad

9. A. stations 10. A. sports 11. A. of 12. A. notes

13. A. which 14. A. languages 15. A. in time

B. found B. physics B. which B. planes B. take B. medicine B. moving B. good B. shop B. communication B. from B. signs B. what B. films B. on time

C. invented C. biology C. where C. buses C. write C. weather C. to move C. fine C. report C. shopping C. between C.

messages C. who C. pictures C. at a time

D. seen D. geography D. who D. trains D. send D. whether D. movement D. well D. studio D. hearing D. among D. calls D. where D. plays D. over time

答案解析部分

一、完形填空

1.【答案】(1)B;(2)C;(3)C;(4)A;(5)C;(6)C;(7)C;(8)C;(9)A;(10)C; 【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】短文记录了作者在河北的公园看到了很多种植的树木被烧了,原因是得不到很好的照顾,所以作者认为树木的存活率比种树的多少更重要,我们可以捐一些钱请专业人士种植照看。

(1)从millions of people可知是很多人,包括老人和年轻人,故选B。句意:每年,上百万的人,无论老人还是年轻人都会植很多树。

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(2)句意:但这不是让你的家园变得……的一种最好的办法。A.更小; B.更冷; C.更好。结合句意选C。

(3)句意:我们……发现大部分的树被烧了。A.快乐的 ;B.高兴的; C.惊讶的。结合句意选C。

(4)句意:工作人员告诉我们树木在被种植不久后就……因为它们没有被很好的浇水。A.死了; B.生长;C.买。结合句意选A。

(5)根据句意可知是因此工作人员烧了它们。故选C。 (6)句意:清扫出地方等待新的树木被种植。故选C。

(7)句意:在一棵已死亡的树上发现的卡片上,一位学生写道……。在卡片上用介词on,故选C。

(8)句意:我希望这棵树和我一起成长为国家的栋梁。成为用be表示,A.需要; B.拿住。故选C。

(9)句意:工作人员说树的成活率真的比……树被种植要重要。A.多少; B.何时; C.多久以后,结合句意选A。

(10)A.拿出; B.写下; C.照顾。根据句意应该是让专业人士种植并照顾树,故选C。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

2.【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)B;(4)D;(5)C;(6)A;(7)B;(8)A;(9)C;(10)D; 【考点】科普环保类,说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意:这篇短文讲述了英国的红松鼠和灰松鼠,红松鼠的数量在减少,而灰松鼠的数量很多,以至于人们都不喜欢它们了。本文还介绍了灰松鼠在竞争中获胜的几个原因。

(1)查形容词及语境的理解。句意:但是现在剩下的红松鼠不到140000只,大多数都在苏格兰。A. later 晚些;B. fewer 更少;C. more 更多;D. less更少。fewer than不到、少于,后跟可数名词的复数。 故选B。

(2)考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意:然而,灰松鼠现在很常见,很多人不喜欢它们。A. dislike 不喜欢;B. like 喜欢;C. watch 观看;D. find.发现。故选A。

(3)考查名词及语境的理解。句意:它们都有一条长长的尾巴,帮助松鼠从树上跳到树上,同样的大眼睛,小耳朵和有力的后腿。A. head 头;B. tail 尾巴;C. nose 鼻子;D. mouth嘴。故选B。

(4)考查连词及语境的理解。句意:然而, 灰松鼠较之红松鼠有一个明显的优势。A. Instead相反;B. Moreover此外;C. Otherwise 否则;D. However然而。故选D。

(5)考查形容词及语境理解。句意:但是灰松鼠是一种更大的动物。A. smaller 较小的;B. cleverer 较聪明的;C. larger 较大的;D. funnier更滑稽的。故选C。

(6)考查名词及语境理解。句意:这种形体让他们储存更多的脂肪,并帮助他们在艰难的冬天生活。A. size 尺寸;B. height高度;C. weight 重量;D. fur皮毛。所以选A。 (7)考查动词及语境的理解。句意:这种形体让他们储存更多的脂肪,并帮助他们在艰难

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的冬天生活。A. asks 问;B. helps 帮助;C. tells 告诉;D. teaches教。故选B。

(8)考查名词及语境的理解。句意:红松鼠高高地生活在树上,而灰松鼠则把更多的时间花在地上。A. trees 树;B. hills 山;C. skies天空;D. clouds云。故选A。

(9)考查名词及语境的理解。句意:灰松鼠成功的另一个原因是其从人类容易的获得食物的能力。A. quality质量;B. hobby爱好;C. ability能力;D. appearance外观。 故选C。 (10)考查情态动词及语境的理解。句意:和狐狸一样,灰松鼠也能生活在城镇里。A. may可能;B. must 必须;C. should 应该; D. can能,故选D。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

3.【答案】(1)A;(2)C;(3)C;(4)B;(5)A;(6)C;(7)C;(8)A;(9)A;(10)B; 【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】本文描述作者在看到居住地附近的垃圾很多时,就决定自己义务捡垃圾来保护环境。通过阅读本文可知我们每个人都应该行动起来保护地球,改善环境。 (1)A 考查got tired of doing sth表示厌倦了做某事,本句的意思是我讨厌看到周围有垃圾 (2)C 考查in+段时间表示在多长时间之内。

(3)C 此题考查固定短语such…that表示如此…以至于…,such的后面跟的中心词是名词,名词前面可以用形容词来修饰。故选C。

(4)B 考查固定句型结构want to do sth,happy是形容词,常跟在系动词的后面。根据句意选feel。

(5)A 考查副词,ten minutes later表示十分钟之后。 (6)C 考查动词的时态,go to+地点表示某地。

(7)C 考查形容词,根据语境可知保护环境是件快乐的事,故选great。 (8)A 考查不定代词,any表示任何一个。 (9) A 考查介词,until表示直到。 (10)B 考查动词不定式做目的状语。

【点评】本题难度较大,每个小题与上下文的联系不大,有的小题甚至完全可以当做一个单独的单选题来做。解题中要注意分析各个选项的含义,结合语义,选出最佳答案。

4.【答案】(1)B;(2)D;(3)D;(4)C;(5)A;(6)B;(7)C;(8)C;(9)B;(10)C; 【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】本文叙述了水的形成,水覆盖了地球的70%,但是对于接近10亿人仍然急需干净的可以饮用的水。

(1)考查动词及语境的理解。A. decide 决定,水的年龄不是人能决定的;B. wonder想知道; C. discover发现; D. suggest建议。句意:你曾经想知道水的年龄吗?根据常识水的年龄不是人能够决定、建议和发现的。 故选B。

(2)考查动词及语境的理解。A. feeling 感觉; B. making制造; C. eating吃; D. drinking喝。句意:你喝的那杯水也许是上周从空中落下的雨水。 这里指喝水drink water。 故选D。 (3)考查副词及语境的理解。A.soon很快;B. early 早的;C. far远的; D. long长的。句意:

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可是,水自身的存在与地球一样的长。根据 The glass of water that you're_______ may have fallen from the sky as rain only last week.可推知下文,这里指水存在的时间长短。故选D。 (4)考查连词及语境的理解。A. unless除非; B. until直到; C. although尽管; D. otherwise否则,要不然的话。句意:实际上,尽管海洋、大海和河流覆盖地球的70%,但是地球的水的供应是有限的。 根据句意故选C。

(5)考查形容词及语境的理解。A. limited有限的; B. slim瘦的,微小的; C. narrow窄的; D. 1asting持久的。句意:实际上,尽管海洋、大海和河流覆盖地球的70%,但是地球的水的供应是有限的。根据句意故选A。

(6)考查连词及语境的理解。A. except除了; B. because 因为;C. plenty of许多; D. instead of代替。短语because of因为。句意:这是因为那称为水的循环。故选B。

(7)考查动词及语境的理解。A. risen升起;B. raised提高; C. formed形成;D. found发现。句意:太阳给水加热,然后变成云,云就是从水蒸气中形成的。根据常识可知水蒸气聚集形成云。故选C。

(8)考查形容词及语境的理解。A. strong强壮的; B. complete完成的;C. heavy重的; D. broad宽的。句意:当云重的时候,就以雨的形式又落在地球上。根据the water falls back onto the earth as rain.可知,云重了才会以雨的形式落下。故选C。

(9)考查副词及语境的理解。A. mostly主要地; B. nearly接近; C. specially D. hardly句意:虽然地球上安全饮用水的水量在增加但是对于接近10亿人仍然急需干净的可以饮用的水。根据but前后表示转折关系,前面叙述的是水的增加,后面叙述的是可以饮用的水是少的。故选B。

(10)考查介词及语境的理解。 for sb对于某人来说。句意:虽然地球上安全饮用水的水量在增加但是对于接近10亿人仍然急需干净的可以饮用的水。故选C。

【点评】完形填空题中单纯考查语法知识和词汇知识的试题几乎不复存在,绝大多数考题的四个选项在语法和词语搭配上都无懈可击,有的在意义上很接近,有的从其所处的句子或短落而言难辨是否,然而结合具体的语言环境,却只有一个最佳答案。此外,考查点大都集中在实词上,尤其是动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词等。这些词的本身具有时间、地点、人物、动作、感情等意义。虚词,如冠词、连词、介词等则占较小的比例。考查上下文语境:如:1、2、3、5、6、7、8、9题,考查连词,如:4题;考查介词10题。

5.【答案】(1)C;(2)B;(3)D;(4)B;(5)C;(6)A;(7)B;(8)A;(9)D;(10)A; 【考点】科普环保类,议论文

【解析】【分析】本文谈了塑料对环境造成的污染以及相应的应对措施。

(1)句意:你喝瓶装水吗?你喝一瓶水需要多长时间?也行只是5分钟。A.pay支付;B.cost花费;用法:sth cost sb money;C.take花费;用法:It takes sb time to do sth;D.spend花费;度过;用法:sb spend time/money doing sth。根据本句的结构,故答案为C。

(2)句意:但是,塑料瓶会在大自然存在500年。塑料不容易消失。A.easy容易的;B.easily容易地;C.difficult困难的;D.difficultly困难地。此处修身动词disappear,所以用副词,根据句意,故答案为B。

(3)句意:对人类来说这是一个大问题。A.answer回答;B.surprise惊喜;C.example例子;

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D.problem问题。根据句意,故答案为D。

(4)句意:我们一年扔掉的塑料能环绕地球四次。短语:throw away扔掉,故答案为B。 (5)A.four四;B.the fourth第四;C.four times四倍;四次;D.the fourth time第四次。根据句意,故答案为C。

(6)句意:对于塑料制品来说,垃圾桶不是它们一生中的唯一归宿。A.the only唯一的;B.the first第一的;C.the very正是;D.the second第二的。根据句意,故答案为A。

(7)句意:每分钟,一满卡车的塑料制品进入海里。go into进入;come into进来。本句的主语是truck,所以谓语用单数。根据句意,故答案为B。

(8)句意:它们把海水弄脏了。A.dirty脏的;B.clean干净的;C.cold冷的;D.hot热的。根据常识可知塑料制品污染海洋,故答案为A。

(9)句意:它们对海洋动物也很危险,尤其是当它们吃掉时。A.really真正地;B.totally完全地;C.absolutely绝对地;D.especially尤其。根据句意,故答案为D。

(10)句意:那么,有没有有用的事情我们可以做来帮忙呢?A.anything用于否定句喝疑问句;B.any thing任何事情;C.some thing某一个事情;D.some things一些事情。这是一个一般疑问句,故答案为A。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

6.【答案】(1)B;(2)A;(3)C;(4)D;(5)A;(6)D;(7)C;(8)B;(9)D;(10)B;(11)A;(12)D;(13)C;(14)C;(15)B; 【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是听力对于我们每个人来说都是很重要的,因此我们要保护好自己的耳朵。如何保护耳朵,作者在文章中给了我们一些建议。只要我们遵从这些建议,等我们变老的时候,我们的听力就不会出问题。

(1)B考查动词及语境的理解。句意:听力对于我们大家来说是很重要的。我们可以用耳朵听到美妙的音乐、鸟的歌唱、人们的笑声以及……。listen 听,表示动作;hear 听见,听到,表示听的结果;hear of听说。根据句意可知,我们可以用耳朵听到这些声音。故选B。 (2)A考查名词及语境的理解。句意:听力对于我们大家来说是很重要的。我们可以用耳朵听到美妙的音乐、鸟的歌唱、人们的笑声以及世界上其他各种各样的声音。sound 指自然界中各种各样的声音;noise 噪音;voice 指人的声音;bark指狗的叫声。根据句意可知选A。

(3)C考查连词及语境的理解。句意:因此我们必须尽力保护我们的耳朵。because 因为;although尽管,虽然;so 因此,所以;but 但是。根据文意可知,听力对于我们每个人来说是很重要的,因此我们要保护好耳朵。故选C。

(4)D考查疑问词加动词不定式及语境的理解。句意:下面将会告诉你怎样保护耳朵。what 什么;how 怎样;what to 是疑问词what 后跟动词不定式的形式;how to 是how 加动词不定式的形式。根据句意可知,下面告诉我们怎样保护耳朵,故选D。

(5)A考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:经常听大声的音乐对我们的耳朵是有害的。loud 是

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一个形容词,意思是大声的,吵闹的;aloud 是一个表语形容词,在句中做表语;loudly 是一个副词,大声地;quiet安静的。根据句意可知选A。

(6)D考查副词及语境理解。句意:经常听大声的音乐对我们的耳朵是有害的,尤其是用耳机听的时候。specially是一个副词,特别地,特殊地;especial是一个形容词,尤其,特别的;special是一个形容词,特别的;especially是一个副词,尤其,特别。根据句意可知,经常听吵闹音乐,尤其是用耳机来听,对我们的耳朵是有害的。故这里表示的是加强语气的作用,故选D。

(7)C考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意:因此当你戴着耳机的时候,要把声音关小,或者是不戴耳机。turn on打开;turn off关掉;turn down把声音关小;turn up把声音调大。根据文中Listening loud music a lot can be bad for our ears.可知,听大声地音乐对我们的鄂尔多是有害的,因此这里应该是建议我们把声音关小。故选C。

(8)B考查动词及语境的理解。句意:在游泳之前,记得要戴上耳塞,或者是戴上游泳帽。put 戴上。空前面的动词是remember,它的句型是remember to do sth. 记得去做某事;或remember doing sth.记得做过某事。根据文意可知选B。

(9)D考查动词及语境的理解。句意:在游泳之前,记得要戴上耳塞,或者是戴上游泳帽,来防止水进入你的耳朵。这里使用的句型是stop sb./sth. from doing sth.防止某人做某事。根据文意可知,我们在游泳之前戴上耳塞或游泳帽,是为了防止水进入耳朵。故选D。 (10)B考查介词及语境的理解。句意:如果你要去听演唱会,要戴上耳塞,为了保护你的耳朵不受糟糕的音乐的侵害。for 为了,因为;from 从,来自;with 和……,带有;at在具体时刻或地点。这里使用的是短语protect sb./sth. from +名词或动名词。因此选B。 (11)A考查介词短语及语境的理解。句意:事实上,如果你经常去听演唱会,或你是一个音乐家,可以为你定制特殊的耳塞。in fact 事实上,实际上;in short 简而言之;in general 一般来说;in a word 总而言之。根据句意可知选A。

(12)D考查动词及语境的理解。句意:如果你的耳朵受伤了,要去看医生。break 打破,折断;sick 病的;ill 生病的;hurt 受伤的。根据句意可知,这里应该是说耳朵受伤害的时候去看医生,因此选D。

(13)C考查动词及语境的理解。句意:如果医生让你吃药,你就要吃药。drink 喝;eat 吃;take吃药; have 吃,喝。这里是短语take medicine吃药,是一个固定的表达方式,故选C。 (14)C考查动词及语境的理解。句意:遵循上面的这些建议……。listen 听;hear 听见;follow 遵循,跟从;fetch去取,去拿。根据句意可知,这里作者建议我们要遵循上面的这些建议。故选C。

(15)B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:遵循上面的这些建议,这样当你变老的时候,你就不会说:什么?young 年轻的;old 老的;sick 病的;tired 累的。这里作者的意思是说,如果我们遵从了上面的建议,我们就可以很好的保护我们的耳朵,这样等我们老的时候,耳朵就不会有问题,就不会听不见别人说的话。故选B。

【点评】科普类短文阅读。完型填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

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7.【答案】(1)D;(2)A;(3)C;(4)B;(5)C;(6)A;(7)C;(8)C;(9)A;(10)D; 【考点】科普环保类,说明文

【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文主要讲述了水在人们生活中的重要性。为了人类的生存,应该节约用水。

(1)考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意:我们每天喝水,用它做饭、洗衣服。put 放置;make制作;take拿,花费;use用。根据常识可知是使用它做饭,故选D。

(2)考查介词及语境理解。句意:没有水我们不能生存。without没有;with 带有;on在上面; in在里面。根据常理可知没有水,我们没办法生存,故选A。

(3)考查现在分词及语境理解。句意:首先, 缩短淋浴时间,当我们不需要使用水时,不要让水流着。stopping 停止;rising上升;running跑、运行;growing生长。根据生活常识可知我们不能让水一直流,故选C。

(4)考查副词及语境理解。句意:其次,尽量重复使用水。Second数词,第二;Secondly副词,第二、其次;Moreover 此外;However.然而。放在句首用副词,对应前面的firstly,应该用secondly与之对应,故选B。

(5)考查动词辨析及语境的理解。句意:最后,我们不应该污染水,这样我们年复一年就有新鲜干净的水了。waste浪费;use用;pollute(污染);drink喝。根据前面说的两点可以推测这里应该说我们不应该污染水了,故选C。

(6)考查形容词及语境理解。句意:最后,我们不应该污染水,这样我们年复一年就有新鲜干净的水了。fresh 新鲜干净的;new新的;good好的;hot热的。根据常识可知我们不污染水的目的应该是我们有新鲜干净的水。故选A。

(7)考查动词及语境理解。句意:保护水就是保护我们的生命。make制作;live 住;protect保护;lose失去。根据常识可知保护水就是保护我们的生命,故选C。

(8)考查介词及语境理解。句意:有些人认为地球上有很多水。in 在里面;for为;on在……上面;at在。on the Earth在地球上。为固定搭配,故选C。

(9)考查形容词及语境理解。句意:事实上,现在我们只有少量水可以用了。a little一点,表示肯定的意思;a few几个,肯定含义;little 很少,否定含义;few很少,否定含义。little修饰不可数名词;few修饰可数名词。水是不可数名词,且在这里不表示否定含义,故选A。 (10)反身代词及语境的理解。句意:为了拯救自己,所以我们应该节约用水。us我们,宾格;earth 地球;world 世界;ourselves我们自己。根据语境可知节约水是为了拯救我们自己,故选D。

【点评】本题为说明性的完型填空,一般的解题过程是: 1.通读全文,掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。

2.瞻前顾后,分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上,结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。

3.反复推敲,攻克难关。如果做不出来的话,可能要改变一下思路。 4.验证答案,修正错误。

8.【答案】(1)A;(2)B;(3)C;(4)B;(5)C;(6)A;(7)C;(8)A;(9)D;(10)D; 【考点】科普环保类,说明文

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【解析】【分析】文章大意:你知道动物是如何交流的吗?每一种动物都有他们自己的交流方式,例如蜜蜂,是通过跳舞来告诉同伴食物的位置;再如狗和鸟,他们能发出声音。还有很多其他的动物,他们是如何交流的,来看看这篇有趣的文章吧。

(1)考查疑问词及语境的理解。句意:我们看到很多动物,例如兔子、蜜蜂、狗、鸟、羊……,但是你知道这些动物怎样说话吗?how 怎样;when 什么时候;why 为什么;where在哪里。根据文意可知,这篇短文是告诉我们动物是如何交流的,故选A。

(2)考查不定代词及语境的理解。句意:当一只兔子看到危险的事物时,它马上跑开。nothing 没什么事;something 某事,一些事,常用于肯定句中;anything 任何事,常用于否定句或疑问句中;everything每件事。根据句意可知,something dangerous是指危险的事物,这是在肯定句中,故选B。

(3)考查副词及语境的理解。句意:跑的时候,它的尾巴上下移动。up 向上;again 再一次;down 向下;on在……上面。这里up and down是固定短语,上上下下,故选C。 (4)考查副词及语境的理解。句意:当其他兔子看到的时候,他们也会跑。also 也,常位于句中;too 也,用于肯定句中,放在句末;either 也,用于否定句中,放在句末;back向后,回来。根据文意可知,兔子在跑的时候,尾巴上下移动,表示有危险,因此其它兔子看到了,也会跑掉。故选B。

(5)考查物主代词及语境的理解。句意:当一只蜜蜂找到食物的时候,它会回到它的家。their 他们的;they're 他们是;its 它的;it's它是。根据句中When a bee has found...可知,这里说的是一只蜜蜂,所以是回到它的家,故选C。

(6)考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:它不会用说话的方式告诉其他的蜜蜂食物在哪里,而是在空中跳舞。the other 其他的;small 小的;all 所有的;the many很多,前面不应该用the。根据句意可知,故选A。

(7)考查疑问词及语境的理解。句意:这种方式是告诉其他的蜜蜂食物在哪里。what 什么;how 怎样,如何;where 在哪里;whose谁的。根据上文it cannot tell the other bees where the food is...可知,这里是告诉其它蜜蜂食物在哪里,故选C。

(8)考查非谓语动词及语境的理解。句意:有些动物是通过像人类一样发出声音来交流的。making 制造,制作;make动词原形; taking 带走;take动词原形。这里make sounds是固定短语,发出声音。空前的by是介词,故这里应用动名词形式,故选A。

(9)考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:一些鸟能发出好几种不同的声音,每一种声音都有它自己的意思。strange 奇怪的,陌生的;interesting 有趣的;useful 有用的;different不同的。根据句意可知,鸟发出的声音有很多,而且每一种的意思不一样,因此是不同的,故选D。

(10)考查动词及语境的理解。句意:总而言之,每一种动物都有它自己的语言。there is 有,是一个固定句型,表示在某地有某物;there are 后跟复数名词;have 有;has有,第三人称单数形式。这句话的主语是every animal,故谓语动词用单数形式,故选D。

【点评】完形填空题考查的考生的语法、词法、理解、综合、背景知识几方面的能力。完形填空的解法:1. 细读首句、启示全文;2. 通读全文,掌握大意;3. 前后观察,先易后难;4. 上下连贯,合乎逻辑;5. 复核全文,消除疏漏。

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9.【答案】(1)C;(2)A;(3)D;(4)B;(5)C;(6)A;(7)D;(8)B;(9)A;(10)B; 【考点】科普环保类,说明文

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了由于地震发生在毫无预兆的情况下人们认为地震是可怕的。这很容易理解所以采取措施做准备是很重要的。文章在政府应该做什么 人们应该做什么二个方面给出了建议。

(1)考查形容词及语境的理解,right正确的,wrong错误的,easy容易的,difficult困难的,人们认为地震是可怕的。这一点是很容易理解的。故选C。

(2)考查动词及语境的理解,A、prepare准备,B、ask询问,C、look寻找,D、wait等待,没有人知道地震什么时候发生,但我们可以为它做些准备。 故选A。

(3)考查动词及语境的理解,A、hear听见,B、call打电话,C、check核对,检查,D、protect保护,所以当它发生的时候,我们可以保护自己。 故选D。

(4)考查动词及语境的理解,A、offer提供,B、need需要,C、forget忘记,D、agree同意,政府需要让人们了解地震是什么以及在这个国家哪里容易发生地震, 故选B。 (5)考查连及语境的理解,A、if如果,B、but但是,C、so因此,D、till直到…时,因此人们会了解地震以及当地震发生时该怎么办。 故选C。

(6)考查介词及语境的理解,A、like如/像...,B、for为,为了,C、by在…旁边; 表示方式; 由于; 经过,D、to到; 向,朝着,政府也应该确保当紧急情况发生时一些地方,如消防站、警察局、医院和学校工作顺利。 故选A。

(7)考查动词及语境的理解,A、put放,B、take采取; 拿,取; 接受,C、clear变明朗; 变清澈,D、stay停留,在地震中,尽量远离建筑物、树木和其他东西。stay away from远离...,故选D。

(8)考查动词及语境的理解,A、Hurt伤害,B、Hide躲藏,C、Enjoy喜欢; 欣赏,D、Lose失去 , 把自己藏在一件坚固的家具下面。 故选B。

(9)考查形容词及语境的理解,A、possible可能的,B、important重要的,C、interesting令人感兴趣的,有趣的,D、confident自信的,如果可能的话,走出大楼,因为大楼可能倒塌。 故选A。

(10)考查名词及语境的理解,A、storm暴风雨,B、earthquake地震,C、rain雨,D、accident事故,主要的地震后的几小时,几天甚至几个月后通常有余震。文章主要在讲地震,结合语境,故选B。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

10.【答案】(1)A;(2)C;(3)C;(4)C;(5)C;(6)B;(7)B;(8)C;(9)A;(10)B;

【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】本文讲述温室效应对世界气候的影响。

(1)句意:如果这发生的话,海洋将会上升,也许会覆盖大部分甚至全部新加坡。rise上升;fall下落;change改变,故选A。

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(2)句意:这将迫使每个人搬到一个更安全的国家。hotter更热的;larger更大的;safer更安全的。故选C。

(3)句意:我们知道太阳给地球热量。create创造;circle绕……运转;heat加热,使变暖。根据常识可知选C。

(4)句意:然而,工厂和汽车产生大量二氧化碳。make做;spread传播;produce生产,制造。故选C。

(5)句意:它(二氧化碳)停留在我们附近的天空。hide藏;continue继续;stay呆在。根据常识可知选C。

(6)句意:(二氧化碳)使空气越来越热。cloud云;air空气;season季节。故选B。 (7)句意:科学家们把这叫做“温室效应”因为温室是一个里面热的小玻璃建筑。call把……叫做;ask问;tell告诉。故选B。

(8)句意:它(温室)在凉爽的国家被用于种植植物。put放;store储存;grow种植。故选C。

(9)句意:许多国家担心温室效应。be worried about担心。故选A。

(10)句意:他们正努力阻止工厂和汽车排放有害气体进入天空。dangerous危险的;harmful有害的;heavy重的。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

11.【答案】(1)A;(2)A;(3)C;(4)B;(5)B;(6)B;(7)D;(8)A;(9)C;(10)B;(11)A;(12)D;(13)C;(14)C;(15)C; 【考点】科普环保类,说明文

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了盐对于人类生活的重要作用及在人类历史上的重要价值。

(1)联系下文,可知此处指的是我们不知道什么时候,人类开始用盐。故选A,什么时候。 (2)形近词辨析。A.贯穿,遍及;B.思考,认为;C. 虽然,尽管;D.虽然,尽管。联系下文,可知此处指的是在整个历史当中,故选A。

(3)句意:据记载在许多历史书当中,结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。Report报道,故选C。

(4)根据本句时间状语三千年前,可知描述的是过去的动作,故谓语动词用一般过去时态,选B。

(5)考查used用法。be used to sth习惯于某事;used to do sth过去常常做某事. sth be used to do sth某物被用来做某事。结合语境可知盐被用来保存死人。主语是动作对象,故用被动语态,选B.

(6)考查短语keep from组织,抑制,结合语境可知盐能阻止尸体腐烂,故选B。 (7)句意:一个偷盐的人被认为违反了法律。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。选D,认为。

(8)联系上文,可知偷东西违反的是法律,故选A,法律。

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(9)联系下文描述,可知此处指的是被投入监狱,故选C,监狱。

(10)连词辨析。A.因为,后面接从句;B.因为,后面接短语;C.通过,某种方式;D.因为,多表示伴随原因。联系下文,可知这些人是因为偷盐被投入监狱。故选B,接动名词短语。 (11)结合语境可知此处指的是超过他的盐的份额,故选A,更多的。

(12)结合语境可知此处指的是被严厉地惩罚。结合语境可知选D,副词,作状语。 (13)形容词辨析。A.重要的;B.必要的;C.聪明的;D. 快乐的。结合语境可知此处指的是盐在国王的餐桌上是非常必要的。故选C。

(14)介词辨析。A. 在……的前部;B在后面;C.在……前面;D.在……前面,多表示时间的先后。结合语境可知此处指的是放在国王前面,故选C。

(15)连词辨析。A.当……时;B.由于,随着;C.可是,然而;D. 虽然,当……时,联系上下文,可知前后是转折关系,故选C,然而次要的访客……。 【点评】

这篇短文内容比较简单,理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密,答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍,看看是否符合逻辑,适当修改。个别小题可以当作单独的词义辨析题来做,先区分词义,结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。

12.【答案】(1)C;(2)D;(3)C;(4)A;(5)D;(6)C;(7)B;(8)A;(9)A;(10)B;(11)C;(12)C;(13)A;(14)C;(15)C; 【考点】科普环保类

【解析】【分析】文章典型的说明文,科普了人类最先发明的四颗卫星,已经详细介绍了他们的用途。预测天气,通讯,地理位置,导航等。

(1)句意:人类发明了4颗卫星。“ four kinds of satellites”根据常识可知是发明创造出来的,而不是发现的,A发现 B发现 D看见,故选C。

(2)句意:第一课是用来研究地球的地理的。根据后面“They are used to make maps.”被用于制作地图,故选D。A化学 B物理 C生物 不符合题意。

(3)句意他们经常被国家用来发现哪里可以找到石油和金子。“they can find oil or gold.”根据词句可知象形词尾表地点的连词,故选C。

(4)句意:第二颗是被用来指导轮船和飞机的。根据下一句“A ship or a plane can……”可知为ship,故选A。

(5)句意:飞机和轮船可以发送消息给卫星……由“message”可知选send。

(6)句意:第三颗卫星是研究天气的……。根据后文“These satellites watch clouds and strong winds ”可知前面名词为天气。故选C。

(7)句意:卫星可以发现强风雨席卷地球,根据后文“make preparations”他们好做提前准备,故选B。

(8)句意:在恶劣的天气到来的时候,根据上文“clouds and strong winds ”可知是不好的天气,故选A。

(9)句意:把天气情况的照片发送到地球。A情况 B购物 C报告 D时间表 故选A。 (10)句意:最后一刻卫星是用来通讯。根据后文“Telephone calls ”可知是通讯类的功能,故选B。

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(11)句意:不同城市间的通讯可以有这些卫星发送,由“countries”可知填between,在……之间。故选C。

(12)句意:有些可以同时发送成百上千的信息。A记号 B信号 C信息 D电话,故选C,其它选项不符合语境。

(13)句意:然后卫星把信号发送到被呼叫的城市,定语从句,先行词为“country”故用which连接,故选A。

(14)句意: 这些卫星还携带图片信息。A语言,B电影 C 图片 D 玩具“ send about eight programs ……”可知选C。

(15)句意:他们可以同时发送八个任务。结合语境可知为“at a time ”同时,故选C。 【点评】对于科普类说明文,在空缺上下文句子里多数可以发现相关提示词组或者句子,所以找到相关句子核词组有助于快速抓住作者写作思路和目的,另外固定搭配的词组需要平时多多积累。

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