江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护
2021-03-15
来源:爱go旅游网
江西农业大学学报2016,38(5):975—985 http://xuebao.jxau.edu.an DOI:10.13836/j.jjn.a2016138 Acta Agricuhurae Universitatis Jiangxiensis 涂飞云,李久煊,韩卫杰,等.江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护[J].江西农业大学学报,2016,38(5):975-985 江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 涂飞云 ,李久煊 ,韩卫杰 ,黄晓凤 (1.江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330013;2.四川大学生命科学学院,四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验 室,四川成都610064) 摘要:弄清区域性物种组成是生物多样性保护的基础。在《江西鱼类的研究》等文献资料的基础上,参照最新 的分类学和分子系统学研究成果,整理、修订江西省鱼类物种组成,并在此基础上,提出保护建议。经确认江西 鱼类有12目30科107属251种,其中我国特有种有133种,受威胁物种20种,保护鱼类11种(国家一级重点 保护水生动物2种,国家二级重点保护水生动物2种,省重点保护动物7种),江西鱼类物种以鲤形目鲤科物种 最多,其次是鲇形目鳞科物种。针对江西省鱼类资源现状,本研究还提出了保护建议。 关键词:江西;鱼类;组成;物种名录;保护建议 中图分类号:¥931.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-2286(2016)05-0975-11 Species Diversity and Protection of Fishes in Jiangxi TU Fei—yun ,LI Jiu.xuan ,HAN Wei-jie ,HUANG Xiao—feng (1.Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330013,China;2.Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Bi— ology on Endangered Wildlife,College of Life Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China) Abstract:Understanding of regional species composition is the foundation of biodiversity conservation.The ish species compositifon was confirmed based on extant literature following the updated results of taxonomy and systematics.The results confirm that there are 12 orders,30 families,107 genera and 25 1 fishes species within Jiangxi,of which,133 species are endemic to China and 20 are threatened species.There are 1 1 species protec- ted by the national and/or the provincial government,consisted of 2 species of national grade I key protected animal,2 species of national grade II key protected animal,and 7 species of Jiangxi provincial anima1.Cyprini— dae species of Cypriniormes are the dominant,followed by Bagridae specifes from Siluriformes.Suggestions for profection of the fish resources in jiangxi Province are made. Keywords:Jiangxi;fishes;composition;species list;protection suggestion 江西省位于长江中下游南岸,地理坐标东经113。34 ~l18。29 、北纬24。29 一30。05 ,全省国土面积 16.69万km 。境内东南西三面环山;中南为低山丘陵盆地相间;北部为平原区。地势南高北低,由周边 收稿日期:2016-02—16 修回日期:2016—03.21 基金项目:江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人项目(20153BCB22007)、江西省科研院所基础设施配套项目 (20151BBA13037)、江西省科技成果重点转移转化计划(20142BBI90043)和江西省林业科学院博士基金 启动项目(2013521601) Project suppo ̄ed by Jiangxi Province Major Disciplines Academic Leaders(20153BCB22007),Jiangxi Province Research Institutes Infrastructure Project(20151BBA13037),Jiangxi Province Scientific Achievements Trans. form Project(20142BBI901M3)and Doctoral Startup Pr ̄ect of Jiangxi Academy of Forestry(2013521601) 作者简介:涂飞云(1985~),男,助理研究员,博士,主要从事野生动植物保护研究,feiyuntu@163.corn;女通信作者: 黄晓凤,研究员,44686232@qq.com。 ・976・ 江西农业大学学报 第38卷 向中心逐渐倾斜形成以鄱阳湖平原为底部的巨大盆地。属中亚热带季风气候,年平均气温18.0 oC。除 定南江、寻乌水属于珠江水系外,全省97.7%的国土面积属于长江流域,水资源比较丰富。境内河流、湖 泊众多,有l0 km 以上的河流有3 771条,2 km。以上的湖泊就有77个¨ 。我国最大的淡水湖——鄱阳 湖,境内分布有五大水系,即赣江水系、抚河水系、信江水系、饶河水系和修河水系。丰富的水资源为鱼 类的生长与繁育提供了多样的栖息场所。 《江西鱼类的研究》是目前对江西鱼类记载最为全面的研究报道,共记述江西鱼类205种,名录实 则收录203种 ]。随着国内学者对江西鱼类进行深入调查和研究 。引,新物种 、新纪录不断有报 道,同时,某些物种的分类地位也发生了变更。为了弄清江西鱼类物种组成,本研究根据以往文献资料, 参照最新的分类学和分子系统学研究成果,确定江西鱼类物种组成,并提出保护建议,期望为江西鱼类 保护与利用研究提供参考。 1材料方法 在《江西鱼类的研究》的基础上,通过进一步的收集及整理文献资料,参照最新的分类学和分子系统学 研究成果,对江西鱼类物种组成进行统计、修订,并形成江西省鱼类名录。物种拉丁名参照最新的分子系 统学研究成果。物种名录目、科级(亚科)分类阶元的确定参照Nelsonf2¨和Kottelat『22 的研究。文献资料 收集截止于2016年3月21日。中国特有种参照全球物种名录网站(http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual— checklist/2015/)确定。江西鱼类动物受威胁物种状况根据《中国生物多样性红色名录——脊椎动物卷》 (以下简称《脊椎动物卷》)(http://www.mep.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/20l5o5/w0201505254967589548o4. pdf))进行确定,其中受威胁物种等级包括极危(CR)、濒危(EN)和近危(Vu)。 2结果分析 2.1物种组成 经确认,江西鱼类有251种(含亚种阶元),隶属12目30科107属(表1)。在目级阶元上,江西鱼类以 鲤形目物种数(172种)最多,其次是鲇形目;科级阶元上,以鲤科物种数最多(131种),其次是鳞科物种(附 录1)。江西分布的鱼类动物中,国家一级重点保护水生动物有中华鲟Acipenser sinensis、白鲟Psephurus gla— dius 2种;国家二级重点保护水生动物有胭脂鱼Myxocyprinus asiaticus和唐鱼Tanichthys albonubes;省级重 点保护野生鱼类有鲥鱼Tenualosa reevesii、长吻旎Leiocassis longirostris、暗纹东方纯Takifugu obscurus、月鳢 Channa asiatica、斑鳢Channa maculata、日本鳗鲡Anguilla japonica和子陵吻赧虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus共 7种。江西251种鱼类中,其中有133种是我国特有种,占江西鱼类物种数的52.9%。 表1江西鱼类分类阶元统计 Tab.1 The information for fish taxa of Jiangxi 第5期 涂飞云等:江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 ・977・ 2.2江西鱼类受威胁状况 江西鱼类动物受威胁物种有20种(附录1),占江西鱼类动物物种总数的7.9%。这2O种受威胁鱼 类动物中,极危等级的物种有中华鲟、白鲟、鲥鱼Tenualosa reevesii、唐鱼Tanichthys albonubes、腙Luciobra. ma macrocephalus、鳍鱼Ochetobius elongatus、胭脂鱼、司氏觖Liobagrus styani 8种,濒危种类有日本鳗鲡 Anguilla japonica和长鳍吻绚Rhinogobio ventralis 2种,其余种类包括长麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora elongata、小 口白甲鱼Onychostoma lini、稀有白甲鱼Onychostoma ralTtm、异华鲮Parasinilabeo assimilis、紫薄鳅Lepto— botia taeniops、长薄鳅Leptobotia elongata、白缘觖Liobagrus marginatus、细体拟鳞Pseudobagruspratti、短吻 问银鱼Hemisalanx brachyrostralis和长身鳜Siniperca roulei均为易危等级。 3讨论 3.1物种组成 根据《脊椎动物卷》的记载,我国内陆鱼类物种有1 443种,江西鱼类有12目30科107属251种, 占我国内陆鱼类物种数的17.3%。江西面积不足我国国土面积的2%,可见,江西鱼类物种较为丰富。 江西鱼类鲤科物种数最多,我国特有种丰富,符合我国鱼类资源的特点 。 3.2某些属分类及物种分布探讨 郭治之和刘瑞兰 记载的江西鱼类有203种,其中1O个物种记录重复,包括8个同物异名(金华拟  ̄Pseudohemiculter kinghwaensis、翘嘴红鲐Cuher ilishaeformis、无须鲡Acanthorhode gracilis、长身泥鳅胁一 sgurnus elongatus、圆尾斗鱼Macropodus chinensis、带半刺光唇鱼Acrossocheilus hemispinus cinctus、凹尾簏 Leiocassis emarginatus、巨目黄颡鱼Pseudobagrus macrops)和2个物种拉丁名书写错误;郭治之和刘瑞 兰 中记载的唇惫骨 laneo、细体鲍L.protti的拉丁名分别为H labeo、L.pratti。此次修订的名录共收 录物种数251种,与郭治之和刘瑞兰 的研究相比,新增物种61种(附录1),其中4种(厚尾花鳅Cobi— tis crassicauda、横纹花鳅c.fasciola、窄尾花鳅c.stenocauda和条纹鲡Acheilognathus striatus)是近年来江 西境内描述的鱼类新物种 加]。某些属的科级归属具有争议 ,根据Kottelat[22 将条鳅属Nemachei f 和南鳅属Sch ̄tura归人条鳅科,副沙鳅属Parabotia和薄鳅属Leptobotia放在沙鳅科,近原吸鳅属 r— romyzon、台鳅属Formosania、原缨口鳅属Vanmanenia和拟腹吸鳅属Pseudogastromyzon放人腹吸鳅科。 鲢属Elopichthys、铩属Luciobrama、鳝属Ochetobius亚科归属问题存在争议 。陈宜瑜 将鳃 属、鲸属、鳝属均归人雅罗鱼亚科Leuciscinae,Nelson_2。。认为鲢属和鲸属应归人雅罗鱼亚科,鲐属放在 [鱼丹]亚科Danioniae,而根据He等 基于s7核糖体蛋白编码基因部分序列构建的系统关系,认为鲢 属、鲸属、鳝属的亚科归属存在问题。因此,本次修订的名录将鲢属、褓属、鳝属归入一类“Incertae se— dis”(附录1)。 有关某些物种分布文献记载不一致。广西副鲡A.meridianus、长身鲡A.elongatus记载分布于江西 余江县_2 ,根据于晓东等 的研究,这2种物种都不在长江流域分布;其中广西副编在我国仅记载分 布于广东和广西 ],长身鳊仅记载于云南滇池,自1970年以来,再无野外采集记录,是极危种 引;北方 铜鱼Coreius septentrionalis有记载分布于江西鄱阳湖 ,但该物种被认为是黄河水系特有鱼_2 。本次 修订的名录中未收录广西副鲡、长身锸和北方铜鱼。 3.3保护建议 鱼类资源是重要的生物资源,也是人类社会赖以生存的重要物质基础。而完备的物种名录对于区 域性生物多样性保护是必不可少的。本研究对厘清江西省鱼类现状及其保护具有重要的意义。 《江西省级重点保护水生野生动物名录》于1995年由江西省人民政府批准公布实施,其中,7种鱼 类列入该名录。近年来,由于过度捕捞、水体污染、水利工程兴建和外来种入侵等原因,造成鱼类资源数 量锐减和栖息地的破碎化等,中华鲟、胭脂鱼等珍稀濒危特有鱼类受到了更严峻的威胁。本研究表明, 江西鱼类动物受威胁物种有20种,其中极危种、濒危种占到50%。鉴于此提出如下保护建议:1、积极开 胰鱼类增殖放流,特别是中华鲟、胭脂鱼等珍稀特有鱼类和“四大家鱼”等主要经济鱼类的人工繁殖和 增殖放流。2、加强鱼类自然保护区建设和鱼类资源现状监测;3、严禁河道砂石开发,保护鱼类“三场” 和加强禁渔期的监管力度。4、加强水体环境监管和限制新的水利水电工程的开发。5、建立江西省鱼类 资源数据库和公共信息发布平台,加强鱼类保护科普教育,提高人民的保护意识。 ・978・ 江西农业大学学报 第38卷 一鲟形目Acipenseriformes 1鲟科Acipemeridae (1)中华鲟Acipenser sinensis Gray,1835 2白鲟科Polyodontidae T CR [2,3] (2)白鲟Psephurus g/ad/us(Martens,1862) 二鳗鲡目Anguill%nnesf T CR [2,6] 3鳗鲡科Anguillidae (3)日本鳗鲡AnguiUajaponica Temminek&Schlegel,1846 三鲱形目Clupeiformes EN [2,3] 4鲱科Clupeidae (4)云鲥Tenualosa disha(Hazz ̄tozz,1822) (5)鲥鱼Tenualosa reevesii(Richardson,1846) 5鲲科Engraulidae (6)刀鲚Co///a n∞m Temminek&Schlegel,1846 LC T [2,32] CR [2,3] [2,6] [2,3] (7)短颌鲚Coilia brachygnathus Kreyenberg&Pappenheim,1908 四鲤j侈目Cypriniformes 6鲤科Cyprinidae 螭亚科Acheilognathinae (8)兴凯螭Acanthorhodeus chankaensis(Dybowski,1872) (9)须鳐Acheilognathus barbatus Nichols.1926 (10)短须螭Acheilognathus barbatulus Cmnther,1873 (11)寡鳞螭Aeheilognathus hypselonotus(Bleeker,1871) (12)彩副龋Aeheilognathus imberbis GUnther,1868 T T [2,3] [2,32] [2,3] T T [2,3] [2,3] (13)大鳍螭Aehe//ognathus macropterus(Bleeker,1871) (14)峨眉编Aeheilognathus omeiensis(Shih&Teh ̄s,1934) T [2,16] 『l31 (15)自河鲡Acheilognathuspeihoensis(Fowler,1910) (16)多鳞龋AeheilognathuspD (Wu,1964) [2,3] (17)条纹螭Aeheilogna ̄hus striatus Yang,2010 (18)巨口黼Acheilognathus渤 Jordan&Thompson,1914 (19)斑条黼Aehe//ognathus taenhuw//s(Gtlnther,1873) M M T 比 T T 叻 叩M M M比 [20] [2,6] [2,3] [2,3] [2,3] (2o)越南螭Acheilognathus tonkinensis(Vaillant,1892) (21)中华麟敏R/ ̄deus sinensis Gflnther,1868 (22)高体螃皱Rhodeu ̄ocellatus(Kner,1866) T [2,3] [2,3] (23)方氏螃皱mDd ,d, (Miao,1934) (24)彩石膀皱Rhodeus lighti(Wu,1931) (25)革条副螭Tanak/a h/mantegus(Gfinther,1868) 喜白亚科Cultefinae (26)高体近红鲐Ancherydtroculter kurematsui(Kimura,1934) T [2,6] [2,3] T [3,9] T [16] [2,3] [2,3] [2,3] (27)红鳍鱼自Chanodichthys erythropterus(Basilewaky,1855) (28)蒙古舶Chanodichthys mongolicm(Baslfewsky,1855) (29)达氏舶c^ od汹蛳ao.b ̄(Bleeker,1871) T (3o)尖头喜白Chanodichthys oxycephalus(Bleeker,1871) [2] [12] (31)翘嘴壹自Culter alburnus Bas ̄lewsky,1855 (32)拟尖头喜白Culter oxycephaloides Kreyenberg&Pappenheim,1908 T [2,16] [2] 『2.1 (33)兴 ̄ltemiculterlucidus(Dybowski 1872) 劈踩 出册 瓣觑船,I D 景曼 T T T T (35)张氏鳕Hemwultertcha ̄Fang,1942 [2] [2,3] [3] 2,3] (36)四川半餐HemicultereUa 5 £ (37)伍氏半餐月 e Warpachowski,1888 Ⅲl(Wang,1935) (38)团头鲂Megalobrama amblycephala Yih,1955 (39)鲂鱼Megalobrama skolk ̄ii Dybowski。1872 [3,34] 第5期 涂飞云等:江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 ・979・ (4o)三角鲂Megalobrama terminalis(Richardson,1846) (41)鳊鱼Parabramispekinensis(Basilcwsky,1855) [2,16] [2,3] [2,16] (42)南方拟餐Pseudohemiculter dispar(Peters,1881) (43)海南拟餐Pseudohemiculter hainanensis(Boulenger,1900) (44)银飘鱼Pseudolaubuca sinensis Bleeker,1864 [2,3] [2,3] T (45)寡鳞飘鱼Pseudolaubuca engraulis(Nichols,1925) (46)伍氏华鳊Sirdbrama wui(Rendahl,1933) (47)大眼华鳊Sinibrama macrops( ̄Inther,1868) (48)似孀Toxabramis swinhonis GOnther,1873 鲤亚科Cypfininae (49)鲫Carassius auratus(Li/lna ̄us,1758) (50)鲤cmi, ̄carp/o carp/o Linnaeus。1758 [2,3] [2,3] T T [2,16] [2,3] T M I [2,17] [2,17] (51)三角鲤CyprinusmultitaeniataPellegrin&Chevey,1936 (52)青鲤Cyp,/ ̄s rubrofuscus Lacel ̄de,1803 L£ LC [34] [16] 钯亚科Barbinae (53)北江厚唇鱼Acrossocheilus beijiangensis Wu&Lin,1977 T [2,353 (54)光唇鱼Acrossocheilusfasciat ̄(Steindachner,1892) (55)半刺厚唇鱼Acrossocheilus hemispinus(Nichols,1925) (56)台湾光唇鱼Acrossocheilus md (Gttnther,1868) (57)克氏光唇鱼Acrossocheilus kreyenbergii(Regan,1908) T T T T T [2,3] [2] [2,6] [2,3] [2,17] (58)侧条厚唇鱼Acrossocheilus paraUens(Nichols,1931) (59)瓣结鱼Folfier breviifl ̄(Peters,1881) (6o)台湾白甲鱼Onychostoma barbatulum(Pellegrin,1908) (61)细身光唇鱼Onychostoma elongatum(PeHegrin&Chevey,1934) (62)细尾铲颌鱼Onychostoma卸 mm(Boulenger,1900) [2,3] T [2,3] [2,16] M 比 M T T M加叻MⅦⅦ [3] (63)盖氏白甲鱼Onychostoma gerlachi(Peters,1881) [2,34] [2,16] M叻 M (64)d,N白甲鱼Onychostoma lini(wu,1939) (65)稀有白甲鱼Onychostoma rarllllZ(Lin,1933) (66)白甲鱼Onychostoma simttm(Sauvage&Thiersant,1874) [2,6] [2,3] [2,3] [2] [13] (67)条纹小售巴Puntius em汹c w(Gtlnther,1868) (68)刺钯印砌 bt caldwelli(№ b,1925) (69)倒刺夸巴却fn洳r6 dentiadams(Oshima,1926) (70)光倒刺壹巴却舶∞bW hollandi Oshima,1919 (71)中华倒刺喜巴Spinibarbus sinensis(Bleeker,1871) 野鲮亚科Labeomn ̄ (72)鲅鱼Cirrhins molitordla(Valenciennes,1844) (73)东方墨头鱼Gff,/Ta or/enta//s Nichols,1925 (74)异华鲮Parasinilabeo assimilis Wu&Yao,1977 (75)泉水鱼Pseudogyrinocheilusprochilus(Sauvage&Thiersant,1874) T T T [3] [3] T 工JC Lc VU 工c (76)泸溪直口鲮Rectoris luxiensis Wu&Yao,1977 赤眼锵亚科Squalioharbinae (77)草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idella(Valenciennes,1844) (78)青鱼Mylopharyngodon皿 m(Richardson,1846) (79)赤眼鳟匈 6nr6w cun-lculus(Richardson,1846) 鲴亚科Xenocyprinae T DD M L£ I£ [2,17] [2,3] [2,3] (so)圆吻鲴Distoechodon turairostris Peters,188l (81)鲢Hypophthalmichthys molitrix(Valenciennes,1844) (82)鳙Hypophthalmichthys nobills(Richardson,1845) T Lc Lc T I£ LC LC (83)黄尾鲴Xenocypr/s day/d/Bleeker,1871 (84)银鲴Xenocypris macrolepis Bleeker。1871 (as)细鳞斜颌鲴P/ag/ognathops (Bleeker,1871) ・980・ 江西农业大学学报 第38卷 (86)似鳊P ̄eudobranm simani(Bleeker,1864) 童旬亚科Gobioninae (87)辽宁棒花鱼Abbottina liaoningensis Qin,1987 (88)棒花鱼Abbotuna rivularis(Basilewsky,1855) (89)钝吻棒花鱼Abbouina obtusirostris(wu&Wang,1931) T LC [2] T [34] [2,17] T T T [16] [3] [2,3] (90)似射&口咖6 numm ̄r(Botdenger,1901) (91)铜鱼Comius heterodon(Bleeker,1864) (92)短须颌须绚Gnathopogon imberbis(Sauvage&Thiersant,1874) (93)隐须颌须鲍Gnathopogon nicholsi(Fang,1943) T T [3] [3] (舛)济南颌须绚Gnathopogon tsinanensis(Moil,1928) (95)唇熊骨Herrdbarbus labeo(Pallas,1776) (96)长吻角骨//em/barbus/ong/rostr ̄(Regan,1908) (97)花角骨Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker,1871 498)花棘 毋Hem/barbus amber(Lin,1931) (99)胡绚Huigobio chanhsienensis Fang,138 9(100)福建棒花鱼Microphysogobiofukiensis(Nichols,1926) (101)长棒花鱼Microphysogobio elngataus(Yao&Yang,1977) (1o2)洞庭棒花鱼Microphysogobio tungtingensis(Nichols,l926) T [2,3] 『2,3] [2,3] [2,3] T T T [2,16] f2,3] [2,3] [2,16] [2,3] T (103)乐山棒花鱼Mwrophysogobio kiatingensis(Wu,1930) (104)麦穗鱼Pseudorasboraparva(Temminck&Schlegels,1846) (105)长麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora dongata Wu,1939 (106)似刺鳊绚Paracanthobramaguichenoti Bleeker,1864 (107)片唇绚Platysmacheilus exiguus(Ian,1932) T [2,3] [2,3] T T T T T [2,3] [2,3] [2,16j 2,3 2,3 (1O8)长须片唇拘Platysmacheiluslongibarbatush,Luo&Chen,1977 (109)裸腹片唇晌Platysmacheilus nudiventris Luo,Le&Chen,1977 (11o) ̄似盘匈Pseudogobio guilinensisYao&YaIlg,1977 f2] T 2,3 (111)似拘Pseudogobio vaillanti(Sauvage,1878) M册呻叻-J (112)圆筒吻毒旬Rhinogobio cylindricus Gtlnther,1888 (113)吻觞Rhinogobio typus Bleeker,1871 M∞∞吣 w 叻 T T T T M M 2,3 2,3 M (114)长鳍吻绚Rh/nogob/o ventra//s Sauvage&Thiersant,1874 (115)江西鲸Sarcoche///chthys kiangsiensis Nichols,1930 [16] 2,3j (116)黑鳍鲸Sarcocheilichthys,asnpi. ̄i,(Gllnther,1873) (1l7)dx鲸Sarcocheilichthyspal ̄od Nichoh,1930 2,3] :2,3] (118)华鲸Sarcoche///chthys sinensis Bleeker,1871 (119)蛇晌Saurogob ̄aab,yi Bleeker,1871 (120)长蛇拘Saurogobio dumerili Bleeker,1871 (121)细尾蛇觞Saurogobiogracilicaudatus Yao&Yang,1977 (122)光唇蛇晌Saurogobio gymnocheilus Lo,Yao&Chen,1998 (123)湘江蛇觞Saurogobio xian ̄iangensisTang,1980 (124)银绚Squalidus argentatus(Thiersant,1874) T T T :2,3] 2,3] [2,3] :2,3] [2,3] [3] [2,3] T (125)亮银绚&/ua//dus n/tens(Gflnther,1873) (126)点纹银麴Squalidns wolterstor ̄(Regan,1908) 6] l2,3] T [鱼丹]亚科Danloniae (127)中华细鲫Aphyocypr/s c^zM" GUnther,1868 (128)马口鱼Opsariichthys bidans Gttnther,1873 (129)异蛾Parazacco spilurus(Ganther,1868) IJC [3] 2,l7 Lc LC CR LC [28] [13] 2,17 (13o)唐鱼Tanichthys albonubes Lin,1932 (131)宽鳍躐Zacco platypus(Temminck&Schlegel,1846) 鳅鲫亚科Gobiobotirtae (132)宜昌鳅鸵Gobiobotiafilifer(Garman,1912) (133)江四鳅蛇C,obiobotiajiangxiensis Zhang&Liu,1995 T T LC DD 2,3] 3] 第5期 涂飞云等:江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 ・981・ (134)长须鳅舵Gobiobotia longibarba Fang&Wang,1931 DD [2,16] (135)南方鳅鸵C,obiobotia meridionalis Chen&Cao,1977 T DD [2,3] (136)裸胸鳅舵C.obiobotia Fang,1933 T DD [2,3] 雅罗鱼亚科Leuciscinae (137)拉氏雠Rhyrwhocypr/s lagowskii(Dybowski,1869) Lc [2,l6] (138)尖头僦Rhynchocypr/s oxycephalus(Sauvage&Thiersant,1874) LC [17] Inceaae sedis (139)鲢 叩fc胁 bambusa(Richardson,1845) LC [2,3] (140)鲧Luciobrama macrocephalus(LacepSde,1803) T CR [2,3] (141)鳟鱼Ochetobius elongatus(Knelt,1867) CR [2,3] 7胴脂鱼科Catostomidae (142)胭脂鱼Myxocyprinus asiaticus(Bleeker,1864) T CR [2,6] 8花鳅科Cobitidae (143)厚尾花鳅Cobitis crassicauda Chen&Chen,2013 T (144)横纹花鳅Cobitisfasciola Chen&Chen,2013 T (145)大斑花鳅Cobitis macrostigma Thiersnnt,1872 T (146)北方花鳅Cobitis sibirica Gladkov,1935 (147)中华花鳅Cobitis sinensis Sauvage&Thiersant,1874 (148)窄尾花鳅Cobitis stenocauda Chen&Chen,2013 T (149)花鳅Cobitis taenia Linnaeus,1758 (15o)泥鳅Misgurnus nnguillicaudatus(Camor,1842) (151)大鳞副泥鳅Paramisgurnus dabryanus Thie ̄nnt,1872 9爬鳅科Balitorldae (152)犁头鳅Lepturichthysfimbriata(Gtlnther,1888) T DD [2,3] 10条鳅科Nemacheilidae (153)带纹条鳅Nemacheilusfasciatus(Valenciennes,1846) 肋肋 肋比M M DD [34] (154)横纹南鳅Schisturafasciolata(Nichols&Pope,1927) DD [2,16] (155)辛氏南鳅Schistura hingi(Here,1934) Lc [2,16] (156)无斑南鳅&h/aura inverta(Nichols,1931) DD [3] 11沙鳅科Bofiidae (157)宽体沙鳅Sinibotia reet)esae(Chang,1944) [1O] (158)紫薄鳅Leptobotia taeniops(Sanvnge,1878) 2,3 (159)张氏薄鳅Leptobotia tcho ̄si Fang,1936 [2】 (160)长薄鳅Leptobotia elongata(Bleeker,1870) [3] (161)扁尾薄鳅Leptobotia tientainensis(Wu,1930) [3] (162)武昌副沙鳅Parabotia banarescui(Nalbant,1965) 2,3 (163)花斑副沙鳅Parabotiafasciata Thiersant,1872 2,3 (164)江西副沙鳅Parabotia kiangsierzis uu&Guo,1986 2,3 (165)漓江副沙鳅Parabotia lijiangensis Chen,1980 [3] (166)点头副沙鳅Parabotia ma ̄ulosa(Wu,1939) 2,3 l2腹吸鳅科Gastromyzontidae (167)中华原吸鳅Erromyzon sinensis(Chen,1980) (168)缨口鳅Formmania davidi(Sauvage,1878) (169)斑纹缨口鳅Formosania stigmata(Nichols,1926) (170)浙南原缨口鳅Vanmanenia stenosoma(Boulenger,1901) (171)裸腹原口缨鳅Vanmanerda 83qnnetrus Chen,1980 (172)平舟原缨口鳅Vanmaneniapingchowensis(Fang,1935) (173)海南原缨口鳅Vanmanenia hainanensis Chen&Zheng,1980 (174)信宜原缨口鳅Vanmanenia xinyiensis Zheng&Chen,1980 (175)长汀拟腹吸鳅Pseudogastromyzon changtingensis c 珊b Liang,1942 (176)东坡长汀拟腹吸鳅Pseudogastromyzon c Hgm tlalg/ ̄Lms/s Chen&Liang,1949 [2,16] T T T T 叻Ⅶ叻Ⅶ・982・ 江西农业大学学报 第38卷 (177)方氏拟腹吸鳅Pseudogastromyzonfangi(Nichoh,1931) (178)麦氏拟腹吸鳅Pseudogastromyzon mye ̄i Herre,1932 (179)拟腹吸鳅Pseudogastromyzonfasciatus(Sauvage,1878) 五鲇形日Sihriformes T DD [2] T DD DD [2] [2] 13钝头觖科Amblycipiifdae (180)鳗尾觖Liobagrus anguillicauda Nichols,1926 (181)拟缘觖Liobagrus marginatoides(Wu,1930) (182)白缘觖L/obagrus marg/natus(Gttnther,1892) (183)黑尾觖Uobagrus nigricaud ̄Regnn,1904 T T T DD DD VU DD CR [2,3] [2] 2,6 2,3 2,3 T T (184)司氏触Liobagrus styani Regnn,1908 14船科Sisoftdae (185)福建纹胸姚Glyptothoraxfokiensis(Rendahl,1925) (186)中华纹胸觥Glyptothorax sinensis(Regan,1908) 15鲇科Siluridae (187)越南隐鳍鲇Pterocryptis coch/ncMnens/s(Valenciennes,1840) (188)鲇S/lurus aaotll ̄Linnaeus。1758 (189)河鲇S/ha-us mer/d/ona//s Chen,1977 16胡子鲇科Clariidae (19o)胡子鲇C/at/as battachus(Linnaeus,1758) 17鳞科Bagridae T Lc LC [2,3] [2,16] I 2,16 2,17 Lc T LC 2.16 LC [2,3] (191)斑鲮Hem/bagrus gu/tatus(Lacep ̄de,1803) (192) ̄鲮//em/bagrus macroptems Bleckcr,1870 (193)钝吻拟鲼Leiocassis crassirostris Rcgan,1913 (194)长吻赡Le/ocass/s tong/r ̄Gtlnther,1864 T T T T T T T T T T T T T (195)白边能Pseudobagrus a/bomarg/natus(Rendahl,1928) (196)长臀拟鳞Pseudobagrus analis(Nichob,1930) (197)短尾拟鳞Pseudobagrus brevicaudatus(Wu,1930) (198)粗唇拟鲼Pseudobagrus crassilabris(Glmther,1864) (199)长须黄颡鱼Peheobagrus eupogon(Boulenger,1892) M M叻M 叻肋 M叻Ⅶ叩 叻 叩(200)盎堂拟鳞Pseudobag ̄ondon Shaw,1930 (2,01)细体拟鳞风“dDb pratti(Ganther,182)9 ㈣ [2,12] [2,3] [2,3] (2O2)条纹拟鲼Pseudobagrus taeniatus(Gllmher,1873) (2o3)细叉拟鳞Pseudobagrus tenn/furcatus(Nichols,1931) (204)圆尾拟鳞Pseudo/ ̄,rus tenu/s(Giinther,1873) (205)切尾拟鳞Pseudobagrus trttttCattt¥(Regnn,1913) (206)乌苏拟鳞Pelteobagrus ussuriensis(Dybowski,1872) (207)瓦氏拟鳞Pseudobagrus vacheUii(Richardson,1846) [2,3] T (208)长脂拟鳞Tachysurus ad/posa//s(Oshima,1919) (2o9)黄颡鱼Tachysurusf ̄vidraco(Richardson,1846) (210) ̄六胡瓜鱼目Osmeriformes 18银鱼科Salngidae [2,3] [2,3] [2,3] 鱼Tochysuru ̄nitidu ̄(Sauvage&Thiersnnt,1874) (211)短吻间银鱼Hem/sdanx brachyrostralis(Fang,1934) (212)乔氏新银鱼Neosa/ar=jordani Wakiya&Takahashi,1937 (213)寡齿新银鱼Neosalanx oligodnntis Chen,1956 (214)太湖新银鱼Neosalanx taihuensis Chen,1956 (215)大银鱼Protosa/anx hyaloeranius(Abbott,tot)g 七颌针鱼目Beloniformes T VU DD [2,3] [6] 2,6 2,6 2,3 T T DD Lc DD 19锵科Adrianichthyidae (216)青参悔Oryz/as/ ̄pe8(Temminck&sch1egel,1846) LC [2,3] 第5期 涂飞云等:江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 ‘983・ 20啻睡科Hemirhamphidae (217)间下鲢Hyporhamphus intermedius(Cantor,1842) Lc [2,16] 八鲋形目Cypdnodontiformes 21食蚊鱼科Poeeiliidae (218){食蚊鱼C,ambusia a ̄nis(Baird&Girard,1853) Lc [2] 九合腮鱼目Synbranchiformes 22合腮鱼科Synbranehidae (219)黄鳝Monopterus albus(Zuiew,1793) LC [2,17] 23刺鳅科Mastacembelidae (220)刺鳅Mastacembelus aculeatus(Bloch,1786) Lc [2,3] (221)大刺鳅Mastacembelus删 (Lacep6de,18oo) LC [2,16] (222)中华刺鳅Sinobdella sinensis(Bleeker,1870) DD [5] 十鲈形目PerciforllleS 24真鲈科Percichthyidae (223)暗鳜Coreoperca loona(Wu,1939) T [2,16] (224)中国少鳞鳜Coreoperca whiteheadi Boulenger,1900 [3] (225)花鲈Lateolabraxjapon ̄us(Cuvier,1828) [13] (226)鳜Siniperca chuatsi(Basilewsky,1855) [2,3] (227)大眼鳜Sirdperca knerii Garman,1912 [2,3] (228)长身鳜Siniperca roulei(Wu,1930) T [2,3] (229)斑鳜Siniperca scherzeri Steindaehner,1892 [2,3] (230)波纹鳜Sirdperca undulata Fang&Chong,1932 T [2,3] 25塘鳢科Eleotridae (231)褐塘鳢Eleotrisfusca(Fors ̄r,1801) LC (232)黄黝鱼M/cropercops cinctus(Thiersant,1872) LC (233)沙塘鳢Odontobutis obscura(Temminck&Sehlegel,1845A) — M w M — (234)中华沙塘鳢Odontobutis sinensis Wu,Chen&Chong,2OO2 T IJC 26嘏虎鱼科Gobiidae (235)喀氏栉锻虎Ctenogobias clarki Evermann&Shaw,1927 T [3] 一 (236) ̄鲻傲虎鱼胁 面 6 myxodermus(Herre,1935) T DD [2,6] (237)褐栉嘏虎Rhinogobius brtmneus(Temminek&Schlegel,1845) DD [2,16] (238)波氏吻嘏虎鱼Rhinogobius clifordpopei(Nichols,1925) L£ [2,17] (239)溪吻锻虎鱼Rhinogobius duospilus(Herre,1935) DD [1O] (24O)子陵吻娠虎鱼Rhinogobius g ∽.m (Rutter,1897) 比 [2,17] (241)李氏嘏虎鱼Rhinogobius leavelli(Herre,1935) I.E [35] (242)真栉鳃虎Rhinogobius similis Gill,1859 [2,16] 27丝足鲈科Osphronemidae (243)叉尾斗鱼Macropodus opercularis(Linnaeus,1758) Lc [2,3] 28鳢科Channidae (244)乌鳢Channa argus(Cantor,1842) I [2,3] (245)月鳢Channa as/at/ca(Linnaeus,1758) I [2,3] (246)斑鳢Channa ma ̄u/ata(Laeep ̄de,1801) LC [2,16] 十一鲽形目Pleumnectiformes 29舌鳎科Cynoglossidae (2钾)窄体舌鳎Cynoglosstas gracilis Gtinther,1873 122 [2,16] (248)半滑舌鳎Cynoglossus semilaevis Gflnther,1873 一 [4] (249)三线舌鳎Cynoglossus trigrammus Gtinther,1862 Lc [6] 十二纯形日Tetraodontiformes 30纯科Tetraodontldae (250)暗纹东方鲍7 M obscarus(Abe,1949) Lc [2,3] (251)弓斑东方鲍Takif ̄u oeellatus(Linnaeus,1758) LC [2,3] 特有种:T一中国特有种;IUCN:CR一极危、EN一濒危、Vu一易危、NT一近危、LC一缺乏关注、DD一数据缺乏、一指IUCN未做评定; 外来种 ・984・ 江西农业大学学报 第38卷 参考文献: [1]熊小群,杨荣清,龙兴,等.江西水系[M].武汉:长江出版社,2007. Xiong X Q,Yang R Q,Long X,et a1.Jiangxi drainage[M].Wuhan:Changjiang Press,2007. [2]郭治之,刘瑞兰.江西鱼类的研究[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),1995,19(3):222—232. Guo Z Z,Liu R L.The fishes of Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Nanchang University(Naturla Science),1995,19(3):222— 232. [3]张鹗,刘焕章,何长才.赣东北地区鱼类区系的研究[J].动物学杂志,1996,31(6):3—12. Zhang E,Liu H Z,He C C.The fauna study on fish resources in northeast Jiangxi[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,1996,31 (6):3-12. [4]吴英豪,纪伟涛.江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002,212—213. Wu Y H,Ji W T.Study on Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,2002,212-213. [5]胡茂林,吴志强,周辉明,等.鄱阳湖南矶山自然保护区渔业特点及资源现状[J].长江流域资源与环境,2005,14 (5):561。565. Hu M L,Wu Z Q,Zhou M H,et 1.aThe fisheries characters and resource status of Nanjishan Natural Reserve in Poyang Lake[J].Resources and Environmental in the Yangtze Basin,2005,14(5):561—565. [6]张堂林,李钟杰.鄱阳湖鱼类资源及渔业利用 [J].湖泊科学,2007,19(4):434—444. Zhang T L,Li z J.Fishe resources and fishery utilization of akeL Poyang[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2007,19(4):434— 444. [7]李晴,吴志强,黄亮亮,等.江西齐云山自然保护区鱼类资源[J].动物分类学报,2008,32(2):324—329. Li Q,Wu z Q,Huang L L,el 1.aFish resources of Qiyunshan Natural Reseve,rJiangxi,China[J].Acta Zootaxonomica Sini— ca,2008,32(2):324-329. [8]黄亮亮,吴志强,胡茂林,等.江西省庐山自然保护区鱼类物种多样性[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),2008,32(2): 161—164. Huang L L,Wu Z Q,Hu M L,et a1.Species diversity of ifsh of Lushan Naturla Reserve in Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Nanehang University(Natural Science),2008,32(2):161—164. [9]张建铭,吴志强,胡茂林,等.赣江中流江峡江段鱼类资源现状[J].江西科学,2009,27(6):916—919. Zhang J M,Wu Z Q,Hu M L.et a1.Status offish resource in Xi ̄iang reach ofmiddle Ganjiang River[J].Jiangxi Science, 2009,27(6):916—919. [10]黄亮亮,吴志强.赣西北溪流鱼类区系组成及其生物地理学特征分析[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(2):448—451. Huang L L,Wu Z Q.Stream ifsh fauna composition and biogeographieal analysis of the northwestern,Jiangxi Province[J]. Acta Hydmbiologica Sinica,2010,34(2):448—451. [11]黄亮亮,吴志强.江西省九岭山自然保护区鱼类资源概况[J]。四川动物,2010,29(2):307—310. Huang L L,Wu Z Q.Fish resource of Jiulingshan Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province[J].Sichuan Journal ofZoology,2010, 29(2):307—310. [12]胡茂林,吴志强,刘引兰.赣江中游泰和江段的鱼类资源现状[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),2010,34(1):90—93. Hu M L,Wu Z Q,Liu Y L.Fish resources status of Taihe section in middle reaches of Gan River[J].Journal of Nanchang University(Naturla Science),2010,34(1):90—93. [13]陈宏文,张萌,刘足根,等.赣江流域淡水生态系统完整性与健康状态的鱼类F—IBI值评价[J].长江流域资源与环 境,2011,20(9):1098—1107. Chen H W,Zhang M,Liu Z G,et a1.Assessment of freshwater ecosystem integrity and health in Ganjiang River basin through the fish IBI method[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2011,20(9):1098—1107. [14]胡茂林,吴志强,李晴,等.江西赣江源自然保护区鱼类物种多样性初步研究[J].四川动物,2011,30(3):467—470. Hu M L,wu Z Q,Li Q,et a1.Prelimary research on ifsh species diversity of Ganjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Prov— ince[J].Sichuan Journal ofZoology,2011,30(3):467—470. [15]郭声,吴志强,胡茂林,等.江西阳际峰自然保护区的鱼类资源[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(3):142—144. Guo S,Wu Z Q,Hu M L,et a1.Preliminary survey of ifsh in Yangjifeng Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2011,32(3):142—14. [16]苏念,李莉,徐哲奇,等.赣江峡江至南昌段鱼类资源现状[J].华中农业大学学j{寻,2012,36(6):756—764. 第5期 涂飞云等:江西省鱼类物种多样性及其保护 ・985・ Su N,Li L,Xu Z Q,et a1.Status of ifsh resources in Xiajiang to Nanchang section of Ganjiang River[J].Journal of Hua— zhong Agriculturla University,2012,36(6):756—764. [17]周辉明,习宏斌,胡茂林,等.江西云居山自然保护区鱼类调查初报[J].江西水产科技,2013,136:20.23. Zhou H M,Xi H B,Hu ML,et a1.Preliminary survey offish in Yunjushan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Jiangxi Aq— uacuhure,2013,136:20—23. [18]胡茂林,习宏斌,花麒,等.江西宜黄中华秋沙鸭自然保护区鱼类资源初步调查[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),2014, 38(5):502—505. Hu M L,Xi H B,Hua Q,et a1.Preliminary investigations on ifsh resources of Yihuang Mergus squamatus Naturla Reserve in Jiangxi[J].Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science),2014,38(5):502—505. [19]Chen X Y,Chen Y F.Three new species of cobitid fish(Teleostei,Cobitidae)from the River Xinjiang and the River Le’an- jiang,tirbutaries of Lake Poyang of China,with remarks on their classiifcation[J].Folia Zoologica,2013,62(2):83—95. [20]Yang Q,Xiong B X,Tang Q Y,et a1.Acheilognathus striatus(Family:Cyprinidae),a new bitterling species from the lower Yangtze River,China[J].Environmental Biology of Fishes,2010,88:333—341. [21]Nelson J s.Fishes ofthe world(fourth edition)[M].New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons,Inc,2006. [22]Kottelat M.Conspectus cobitidum :an inventory ofthe loaches ofthe world(Teleostei:Cypriniformes:Cobitoidei)[J].The Rafles Bullfetin of Zoology,2012,26:1-199. [23]曹文宣.中国的淡水鱼类与资源保护问题[J].淡水渔业,2005(z1):172. Cao W X.Freshwater ifshes and resources protection issues of China[J].Freshwater Fisheries,2005(z1):172. [24]陈宜瑜.中国动物志硬骨鱼纲鲤形目(中卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1998. Chen Y Y.Fauna sinica Osteichthys Cypriniformes II[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998. [25]He S P,Mayden R L,Wang X Z,et a1.Molecular phylogenetics of the family Cyprinidae(Aetinopterygii:Cypriniformes)as evidenced by sequence variation in the ifrst intron of S7 ribosomal protein—coding gene:further evidence from a nuclear gene ofthe systematic chaos in the family[J].Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2008,46:818-829. [26]郭治之,刘瑞兰.江西余江县(信江)鱼类调查报告[J].江西大学学报(自然科学版),1983(2):11-21. Guo Z Z,Liu R L.Investigation report of on fish resources of Yujiang County in Jiangxi[J].Journal of Jingxia University (Natural Science),1983(2):11-21. [27]于晓东,罗天宏,周红章.长江流域鱼类物种多样性大尺度格局研究[J].生物多样性,2005,13(6):473-495. Yu X D,Luo T H,Zhou H Z.Large—scale patterns in species diversity offishes in Yangtze River basin[J].Biodiversity Sci- ence,2005,13(6):473—495. [28]Yang J,Chen X Y,Yang J X.Threatened ifshes ofthe world:Acheilognatus elongatus(Regan 1908)(Cyprinidae)[J].En- vironmental Biology of Fishes,2009,84:209—210. [29 J邢湘臣.北方铜鱼(鸽子鱼)的生态及其养殖[J].西北师范学院学报,1985(1):47—48. Xing X C.The ecological breeding of Coreius septentrionalis[J].Journal of Northwest Normal College,1985(1):47—48. [30]赵海鹏,李莉,张莉,等.北方铜鱼[J].中国水产,2014(3):79-80. Zhao H P,Li L,Zhang L,et a1.Coreius septentrionalis[J].China Aquaculture,2014(3):79-80. [31]Yu D H,Gong S Y,Peng R H.Threatened fishes of the woad:Coreius septentrionalis(Nichols 1925)(Cyprinidae)[J].En— vironmental Biology of Fishes,2009,87:41. 1 32]王谋齐.长江云鲥生物学的初步研究[J].淡水渔业,1982(4):30—34. Wang M Q.Priliminary study on biology of Tenualosa ilisha[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1982(4):30—34. [33】程松林,吴淑玉,钟志宇,等.江西武夷山国家级自然保护区动物名录增补[J].江西林业科技,2013(2):40-43. Cheng S L,Wu S Y,Zhong Z Y,et a1.Supplement of animals list in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve[J].Jiangxi Forestry of Science and Technology,2013(2):40—43. [34]Huang L L,Wu Z Q,Li J H.Fish fauna,biogeography and conservation offreshwater ifsh in Poyang Lake Basin,China[J]. Environmental Biology of Fishes,2013,96:1229—1243. [35]邹多录.江西省寻邬水的鱼类资源[J].动物学杂志,1988,23(3):15—17. Zou D L.A survey of ifsh resources of the Xunwu River Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Zooloy,1g988,23(3):15-17.