1:辅音字母加y结尾的可数名词，y改i加es转换复数 (转复数)hobby-hobbies (转复数)library-libraries (转复数)story-stories
元音字母加y结尾的可数名词，直接加s (转复数)boy-boys (转复数)toy-toys
(转复数)monkey-monkeys
2:以o结尾无生命，复数加s (转复数)photo-photos (转复数)radio-radios (转复数)kilo-kilos
以o结尾有生命，复数加es (转复数)tomato-tomatoes (转复数)potato-potatoes (转复数)hero-heroes
3:打招呼,问候(v)：greet 招呼,问候(n)：greeting
4:发动机,引擎(n)：engine 工程师(n)：engineer
例句：我的理想是成为一名工程师。My ambition is to be an engineer
5:拥有(v)：own 拥有者(n)：owner
例句：杰克拥有一辆汽车。Jack owns a car
例句：他是这辆车的拥有者。He is the owner of the car
6:物理(n)：physics 物理的(adj)：physical
短语：物理的变化。a physical change 短语：体育（全称）。physical education 短语：物理老师。physics teacher 短语：教我们物理。teach us physics
7:签名(v)：sign 签名(n)：signature
8:n（变成adj）：加y变adj （变adj）rain-rainy （变adj）sun-sunny （变adj）cloud-cloudy （变adj）wind-windy （变adj）snow-snowy
（变adj）fog-foggy
（变adj）friend-friendly （变adj）love-lovely
9:可能的(adj)：probable 可能,大概(adv)：probably 可能的(adj)：possible 可能,大概(adv)：possibly adj-adv（第一种方法）：直接加ly adj-adv（第一种方法）：变y为i再加ly adj-adv（第一种方法）：le去e再加y （变adv）polite-politely （变adv）quick-quickly （变adv）happy-happliy （变adv）terrible-terribly （变adv）possible-possibly （变adv）probable-probably （变adv）heavy-heavily （变adv）gentle-gently
10:高的(adj)：high 高度(n)：height 称重(v)：weigh 重量(n)：weight 长的(adj)：long 长度(n)：length 有力的(adj)：strong 力量(n)：strength 宽的(adj)：wide 宽度(n)：width
U1P2
1:喜欢做某事（3个动词）：like/love/enjoy doing sth 变成doing形式（第一点）：加ing 变成doing形式（第二点）：去不发音e加ing 变成doing形式（第三点）：（辅元辅）双写结尾字母加ing （变doing）ski-skiing
（变doing）dance-dancing （变doing）write-writing （变doing）swim-swimming （变doing）run-runing （变doing）shop-shopping
2:喜欢做某事（第一种形式）：be keen on 喜欢做某事（第二种形式）：be interested in doing sth 喜欢做某事（第三种形式）：be fond of
3:想要做某事（would形式）：would like to do sth 想要做某事（want形式）：want to do sth
//would为情态动词，可以直接加not，构成否定wouldn't //want有人称和时态变化，would没有
例句：kitty不想成为一名教师（would形式）：kitty would not like to be a teacher 例句：kitty不想成为一名教师（want形式）：kitty doesn't want to be a teacher
4:我的爱好是做某事：my hobby is doing sth 做某事是我的爱好：doing sth is my hobby 主语+is+to do sth
我的爱好是做某事（todo）。my hobby is to do sth 我的志向是做某事（todo）。my ambition is to do sth 我的职业是做某事（todo）。my job is to do sth 我的期望是做某事（todo）。my wish is to do sth
例句：我的爱好是下国际象棋。My hobby is to play chess
5:送信件和包裹。deliver letters and parcels
例句：一个邮递员的职业是送信件和包裹。A postman's job is to deliver letters and parcels
6:拥有(v)（两种）：own = have 短语：谁拥有什么。one's own sth 短语：独自（两种）。on one's own = by oneself
7:对某人友善（两种）。be friendly to sb = be kind to sb
8:短语：叫...+名字：call sb +名称 例句：叫我Jon：call me Jon 打电话给某人（第一种形式）：call sb 打电话给某人（第一种形式）：phone sb 打电话给某人（第一种形式）：ring sb 被叫作：sb called +名称
例句：一个被叫做Jon的男孩。A boy called Jon 短语：号召某人做某事。call on sb to do sth
例句：我们新班级的老师总是号召我们为了更好的将来而更努力地学习。Our new class teacher always calls on us to work harder for a better future
9:返回（两种）：come back = return
10:play后加（第一种形式）：play +球类运动 play后加（第二种形式）：play chess play后加（第三种形式）：play +the +乐器 钢琴：piano 小提琴：violin 吉他：guitar
11:在上学：at school
在工作：at work
在读大学：at university
12:希望做某事：hope to do sth
希望某人将/能做某事：hope (that) sb will/can do sth
例句：我希望你将尽快给我写信。I hope you will write to me soon.
13:告诉某人关于某人/某物：tell sb about sb / sth
例句：告诉我父母关于我的校园生活。Tell my parents my school life
14:与某人共用/分享某物。share sth with sb 例句：与我们分享幸福。Share happiness with us
15:写信给某人：write (a letter) to sb 收到某人来信（两种）：receive/get a letter from sb = hear from sb
16:在...期间(prep)：during
短语：在暑假期间。during summer holidays
短语：在我停留在上海期间。during my stay in Shanghai
17:可能,大概(adv)（两种）（用于句首）：maybe = perhaps //maybe和perhaps常用于句首 可能,大概(adv)（两种）（用于句中）：probably = possibly //probably和possibly常用于句中
例句：kitty可能成为一名医生（maybe）。Maybe kitty will be a doctor 例句：kitty可能成为一名医生（possibly）。Kitty will possibly be a doctor
18:在...中间：in the middle of 在...中心：in the centre of 在...东边：in the east of 在...西边：in the west of 在...南边：in the south of 在...北边：in the north of 在...右边：on the right of 在...左边：on the left of
在...（外部）的前面：in front of 在...（内部）的前面：in the front of
例句：教室前面有很多树。There are many trees in front of the classroom
例句：教室里的前面有一个讲台。There is a teaching desk in the front of the classroom
19:离...近（两种）：be close to = near 附近的(adj)：nearby 附近的(adv)：nearby
例句：我妈妈在附近的一所学校工作。My mum works in a nearby school 例句：我妈妈工作在一所学校附近。My mun works in a school nearby
20:从A到B：from A to B
//从A到B：AB为人，AB为地点，用How far提问。AB为时间，用How long提问
21:德国人：German 德国人（复数）：Germans 短语：说德语。speak German
22:想到：think of
例句：春天令你想到了什么？What does spring make you think of? 考虑做某事（两种）：think about doing sth = consider doing sth 例句：Kitty考虑出国去进修（过去时）。Kitty thought about going abroad for further study far的第一种表示距离的比较级：farther far的第二种表示程度的比较级：further 短语：进修,深造：further study 仔细考虑：think (it) over
例句：请仔细考虑，然后告诉我你的最终结果。Please think it over and tell me your final decision
23:遍及全世界（两种）：all over the world = throughout the world
24:来自（两种）：be from = come from
例句：Kitty来自德国。Kitty comes from Germany
25:在工作日：on weekdays 在周末（两种介词）：on/at weekends
26:短语：某人最喜欢的某物：one's favourite sth //one's是形物代（my/our/your/his/her/their）
我最喜欢的科目/颜色/食物。my favourite subject/colour/food 某人的最好的某物：one's best sth 短语：她最好的科目：her best subject 短语：他最好的朋友：his best friend
U1P3
1:疑问词,什么：what
例句：你的职业是什么？what's your job 例句：天气怎么样？（what形式）：what's the weather like 例句：你觉得上海怎么样？（what形式）：what do you think of Shanghai
2:疑问词,谁：who
例句：这封信是谁写来的？：who is the letter from
3:疑问词,哪一个或那些：which
例句：哪个女士是格林小姐？：which lady is Miss Green 例句：你最喜欢哪个科目？：which subject is your favourite 例句：你去过哪些国家？：which countries have you been to?
4:疑问词,什么时候：when //when问的是点时间
when问的大时间是：年 月 日 when问的小时间是：几点钟
when中的几点钟相当于：what time
例句：你是什么时候出生的？：when were you born
例句：你通常什么时候起床？：when do you usually get up
5:疑问词,在哪里：where
例句：你住在哪里？Where do you live?
6:为什么：why
why问原因（第一种）：because + 句子 why问原因（第二种）：because of + 名词或名词短语
例句：昨天我迟到了是因为天气很坏。yesterday I was late for school because the weather was bad why问目的（三种）：to do sth = in order to do sth = so as to do sth
7:疑问词,如何,怎么样：how how问交通方式：by bus/on foot how问方式：by (not) doing sth how问方式副词：quickly/quietly how问天气：how is the weather? how问身体：how are you?
8:疑问词,多久做某事：how often 一星期两次：twice a week 一天两次：twice a day 每个月：every month
9:疑问词,多长时间：how long how long问的时间：段时间
for在时间上的用法：for + 段时间 since在时间上的用法（第一种）：since + 点时间 since在时间上的用法（第二种）：since + 句子（过去事件） 短语：自从去年：since last year
短语：自从2年前：since two years ago 短语：自从2000年前：since 2000
短语：自从我搬进来这里时：since I moved here 短语：自从我十岁时：since I was 10 years old take和spend的用法（两种）：sb spend + 一段时间 + to do sth = it takes sb + 一段时间 + to do sth
10:疑问词,多久以后：how soon
例句：我将会在七天后回来。I will come back in 7 days
例句：你将会什么时候回来：How soon will you come back?
11:疑问词,多远：how far
例句：我的家在二十千米的上海。it is 20km form my home to shanghai //it is 10 minates walk form my home to school/bus ride/drive
12:how many后加：可数名词复数
例句：这里有多少学生：how many students are there?
13:疑问词,多少价钱：how much how much问（第一种）：问不可数名词的量 how much问（第二种）：问多少钱
例句：你每天喝多少水：how much water do you drink every day?
例句：A：这个电脑多少钱？B：5000元。A:how much is this computer?B:5000 yuan
U1P4
1:冠词的分类（三种）：不定冠词 定冠词 零冠词
2:a用于：辅音开头的可数名词单数前 an用于：元音开头的可数名词单数前
3:初次提及用：不定冠词 再次提及用：定冠词
例句：我爸爸给我买了一辆自行车。这自行车花了我400元。My father bought me a bicycle.The bicycle cost me 400 yuan
the用在（第2种）：后置定语修饰限定的人物/物 the用在（第3种）：形容词最高级前 the用在（第4种）：序数词前 the用在（第5种）：方位前 the用在（第6种）：乐器前 the用在（第7种）：唯一的物前 the用在（第8种）：特殊国家和城市缩写前 短语：英国,美国：the UK the USA
例句：地球围绕太阳转：the earth goes around the sun 短语：在中间：in the middle of
短语：在左/右边：on the left/right of
短语：在东/南/西/北边：in the east/west/north/south of
4:一本有用的书：a useful book
一个乐于助人的朋友：a helpful friend 一件校服：a uniform 一个科学家：a scientist 一所大学：a university
一个欧洲城市：a European country 一个好想法：a good idea
5:一个男演员/女演员/会计/建筑师/宇航员：an actor/actress/accountant/astronaunt 一个工程师：an engineer 一间办公室：an office 一小时：an hour
一个SPCA官员：an SPCA officer 一把伞：an umbrella 一个想法：an idea
一本有趣的书：an interesting book
一个充满乐趣的日子：an enjoyable day
一个老朋友：an old friend
一个诚实的男孩：an honest boy 一件昂贵的裙子：an expensive dress
//6:元音音标：略 //7：辅音音标：略
8:零冠词用在（第一种）：play + 球类 零冠词用在（第二种）：have + 三餐 零冠词用在（第三种）：城市/国家等专有名词 零冠词用在（第四种）：固定短语
零冠词固定短语（第一种）在读大学/学校：at university/school 零冠词固定短语（第二种）做公交车/步行：by bus/on foot 零冠词固定短语（第三种）在晚上：at night
零冠词固定短语（第四种）去学校/学院/教堂/睡觉：go to school/college/church/bed
U1P5
1:经营,管理(v)：manage 经理(n)：manager
例句：王先生管理这个公司：mr wang manages a company 例句：他是这个公司的经历：he is the manager of the company
2:卖(v)：sell 卖(n)：sale 促销：on sale
负责销售：be responsible for sales
3:忙的(adj)：busy 公司：business 出差：on business
忙于某事：be busy with sth 忙于做某事：be busy doing sth
例句：tom忙于他的学习：Tom is busy with his study 例句：tom忙于集邮：tom is busy collecting stamps 商人及复数：businessman businessmen
女商人及复数：businesswoman businesswomen
4:责任(n)：reponsibility 负责的(adj)：responsible
责任感：sense of responsibility 负责某事（三种）：be responsible for sth = be in charge sth = take charge of sth 幸运的(adj)：lucky
不幸运的(adj)：unlucky 祝好运：Good luck 真倒霉：Bad luck
表示幸运的事：luckily + 句子 表示不幸的事：unluckily + 句子
例句：kitty很幸运的通过了这次考试。kitty was lucky to pass the exam 例句：tom很不幸运的考试不及格。tom was unluckily.He failed the exam 例句：很幸运地,kitty通过了这个考试。luckily,kitty passed the exam 例句：很不幸地,tom没有通过这个考试。unluckily,tom failed the exam
6:成功(v)：secceed 成功(n)：success
成功的(adj)：successful 成功地(adv)：successfully 成功做某事（三种）：succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth = manage to do sth 例句：失败是成功之母：Failure is the mother of success 达到好的成功：achieve great success 一次成功的世博会：a successful expo
成功地举办世博会：hold the expo successfully
7:帮助(v)：assist 助手(n)：assistant
一个助手：an assistant
一个售货员：an shop assistant
8:乏味的,令人厌倦的(adj)：boring 厌烦,无聊(adj)：bored
例句：参加一个很漫长的会议是很无聊的。it is boring to have a long meeting 例句：我在这个漫长的会议期间感到很无聊。i feel bored during the long meeting
9:表演(v)：perform 表演者(n)：performer 表演(n)：performance
10:讨论(v)：discuss 讨论(n)：discussion
11:失败,不及格(v)：fail 失败(n)：failure
短语：做某事失败。fail to do sth 短语：考试不及格：fail an/the exam 短语：通过考试。pass an/the exam
例句：我通过考试失败了。i failed to pass the exam
12:通常(adj)：usual 通常(adv)：usually
13:热的(adj)：hot 加热(v)：heat
14:解释(v)：explain 解释(n)：explanation
短语：把某事耐心的解释给某人听。explain sth to sb patiently/carefully
U1P6
1:一般现在时使用情况（两种）：经常性习惯性行为 客观真理,自然规律 例句：地球围绕太阳转。the earth goes around the sun
2:一般现在时频率词：always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never
一般现在时副词短语：everyday/week/month/spring/year/once/twice/threetimes a week/a month 如今,现在：nowadays 现在,目前：at present
现在（一般现在或现在进行时）：now
3:一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时：动词用第三人称单数形式,其它人称用人称
4:单三形式第一种：+s
单三形式第二种：以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾+es
单三形式第三种：辅音字母+y结尾,y改i加es 单三形式第四种：元音字母加y结尾直接加s 单三形式第五种：特殊形式：have-has （变复数）go-goes
（变复数）discuss-discusses （变复数）relax-relaxes （变复数）wash-washes （变复数）watch-watches （变复数）play-plays （变复数）stay-stays
5:be动词：am/is/are/he/she/we/you/they //含be动词的肯否疑的变化
6:tom是一个顶尖的学生：Tom is a top student tom是一个顶尖的学生吗？Is Tom a top student Tom不是一个顶尖的学生：Tom isn't a top student
//使役动词的句子的肯否疑
7:peter走路上学：Peter goes to school on foot
Peter走路上学吗？Does Peter go to school on foot? Peter不走路上学：Peter doesn't go to school on foot
//原形找do,单三找does,按照动词的形式去找助动词(放句首)，同理do + not = don't,does + not = doesn't
8:（变单三形式）have：has 玩得开心（三种）：have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself （have形式）做运动：have sports （have形式）去散步：have a walk
吃早餐/午餐/晚餐：have breakfast/lunch/dinner 上钢琴课：have piano lessons 开一次会：have a meeting 去一次野餐：have a picnic 参加一次宴会：have a party
谈一次话：have a talk
U1P7
1:one of的用法（第一种）one of + 可数n复数
one of用法（第二种）one of + the + adj最高级 + 名词复数 + 范围
例句：上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in china
2:穿上（动作）：put on //put on 代词放中间 穿上（状态）：wear
例句：王先生穿上他的衬衣然后走出去了。Mr Wang put on his coat and went out 例句：学生在学校必须穿校。Students must wear uniforms at school 试穿：try on
例句：我喜欢这条裤子。我能试穿它吗？I like the trousers. Can I try them on? take off的两种含义：脱下/飞机起飞 3:超过（两种）：over = more than //over,more than 后加确数
短语：超过两百：over two hurdred
4:驾驶（一般时，过去式，过去分词）：drive/drove/driven 驾驶员：driver
载某人去某地：drive sb to sp 载某人去那儿：drive sb there
短语：载某人去上学：drive sb to school
5:打电话给某人（4种）：call sb = ring sb = phone sb = make phone calls to sb
6:在去某地的路上：on the way to sp 在去学校的路上：on the way to school 在去家里的路上：on the way home
在某人去某地的路上：on one's way to sp
7:参加俱乐部：attend a club 出席会议：attend a meeting 去学校（两种）：attend school = go to school 去大学（两种）：attend university
8:与。。。不同：be different from 与。。。相同：be the same as 与。。相似：be the similar to
9:在某些人中受欢迎：be popular among sb 受某人欢迎：be popular with sb
10:继续做某事（两种）：continue doing sth = go on doing sth
11:收集贝壳/邮票：collect shells/stamps
例句：我的兴趣是集邮：my hobby is collecting shells 例句：集邮是我的兴趣：collecting stamps is my hobby
12:获得(v)：achieve 成就(n)：achievement
短语：取得巨大成功：achieve (great) success 短语：得到A成绩：achieve A grades 短语：得到高分：achieve high marks 短语：得到满分：achieve full marks 13:在...之前：before + n 在...之后：after + n
在上课/上学/工作/早餐之前/之后：before/after class/school/work/breakfast 在做某事之前：before doing 在做某事之后：after doing
例句：你必须在你吃饭之前洗手：you must wash your hands before eating
例句：你可以在做完作业之后看电视：you can watch TV after finishing your homeword
//before + 句子 //after + 句子
例句：不要忘记在你离开之前关掉灯。Don't forget to turn off the lights
14:帮助某人做某事：help sb do sth 帮助某事某事：help sb with sth
短语：帮我学英语：help me with my English
短语：帮助妈妈做家务：help my mother with the housework 某人自己自便享用某物：help oneself to sth
例句：Kitty,你自己享用一些咖啡：Kitty,help yourself to some coffee
例句：孩子们，你们自便享用一些鱼：Please help yourselves to some fish,children 帮助别人：help others
乐于助人：be ready to help others 互相帮助（两种）：help each other = help one another 经不住某事：can't help doing 例句：这个男孩在听见坏新闻后经不住哭了：The boy couldn't help cring after hearing the bad news 短语：在某人的帮助下（两种）：with one's help = with the help of sb
例句：在kitty的帮助下，我完成了这个工作。with kitty's help.I finished the work 例句：我完成了这个工作，在kitty的帮助下。I finished the work with the help of kitty 帮助(v)：help
有帮助的(adj)：helpful
短语：kitty很乐于助人：kitty is helpful 短语：一个乐于助人的人：a helpful friend 15:the + 什么 + of：n ...的高度：the height of
16:序数词用法（第一种）：the + 序数词 + 名词单数 序数词用法（第二种）：one's + 序数词 + 名词单数
短语：第一节课：the first lesson 短语：第5节楼梯：the fifth floor
短语：我第20个生日：my twenieth birthday 短语：我第二次：my second time
17:有用的(adj)：useful 无用的(adj)：useless 用某物做某事（两种）：use sth to do sth = use for doing sth 例句：我们用木头做纸张（两种）：we use wood to make paper = we use wood for making paper 过去常常做某事：used to do sth
used to do sth转换疑问句：Did..use to do
例句：我爸爸过去经常吸很多烟,但是现在他戒烟了 习惯于,适应于做某事：be used to doing sth 例句：Tom以前习惯于坐车去学校，现在他习惯于走路去学校。Tom used to go to school by bus,but now he is used to walkng to school 利用(v)：use 再利用(v)：reuse
短语：再利用购物袋/：reuse shoppng bads/water 利用某物：make use of sth
好好/充分利用时间：make good/full use of time
18:a friend of后加（第一种）：名物代 a friend of后加（第二种）：'s所有格
19:犯错误：make mistake
犯相同的错误：make the same mistake
//20:与之前的重复
21:小心，当心（五种，祈使句）：take care = be careful = look out = watch out = mind 小心台阶（mind）：mind the steps 照顾（三种）：look after sb = take care of sb = care for sb care for的两种意思：照顾/喜欢 关注,在意：care about
例句：kitty很关注她的体重：Kitty cares a lot about her weight
语言：A：你喜欢哪一个,咖啡还是牛奶？Which would you like,coffee or milk? 语言：B：任意都行，我不在意：Either is OK, I don't care
语言：B：算了，我刚刚已经喝够了。Neither,I have just had enough 细心的(adj)：careful 细心地(adv)：carefully 粗心的(adj)：careless 粗心地(adv)：carelessly
例句：Kitty是一个细心的/粗心的女孩。她细心地/粗心地完成她的家庭作业：Kitty is a careful/careless girl.she does her homework carefully/carelessly
U1P8
1:系动词+adj
2:感官系动词（5个）：look/feel/sound/taste/smell feel的过去式：felt smell的过去式：smelt
3:保持系动词（两个）：keep/stay
短语：保持（两个）冷静/安静：keep/stay calm/quiet
4:动态系动词（四个）：get/become/turn/go 短语：生某人的气：get angry with sb 短语：厌烦某物：get tired of sth 短语：变得成功：become successful
短语：变得对某事感兴趣：become interested in sth 短语：脸色变苍白：turn pale 短语：变质：go bad 短语：出差错：go worry 短语：受饿：go hungry
短语：变疯狂：go crazy/mad
5:常态系动词+adj
6:似乎：seem + adj
7:例句：Green先生看起来很气愤.因为他的儿子在考试不及格。Mr Green looked angry。Because his son failed the exam
?例句：Green先生很生气地看着他的儿子，因为他考试不及格。Mr Green angrily looked at his son.Because he failed the exam
U1P9
1:情态动词加do sth
2:必须做某事：must do sth
禁止/不准做某事：must't do sth
3:应该(不)做某事：should (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事：had better (not) do sth
4:(不)会做某事：can (not) do sth
5:肯定（有确定的依据）：must
例句：这本书肯定属于Alice,因为在封面上有她的名字：The book must belong to Alice because their is her name on her cover （有确定的依据）不可能：can't
例句：Tom出差去美国，他现在不可能在家 可能/不确定（三种）：may/might/not sure
例句：Alice可能去参加宴会了，但是我不能确定：Alice may come to the party,but I'm not sure.
6:语言：A：我能问你一个问题吗？May I ask you a question?
语言：A：我今天必须完成作业吗？Must I finish the homework now? 语言：B：是的,你必须完成。Yes,you must 语言：B：不,你不必。（两种）No,you needn't/don't have to
7:语言：A：要来一些咖啡吗？Would you like some coffee? 语言：B：好的,请/不了,谢谢。Yes,please/no,thanks
语言：A：你可以和我共进晚餐吗？Would you like to have dinner with me? 语言：B：可以,我很喜欢/我很乐意,但是我要为考试作准备。I'd love to,but I have to prepare for the test
8:语言：A：你可以告诉我怎么去某地吗？Can/Could you tell me how I can get to sp?
语言：B：对不起,我刚刚来这，你可以问这里的一个警察。Sorry,I'm new here.You can ask the policeman over there
9:语言：A：你可以帮我一个忙吗？Can/Could you do me a favour? 语言：B：乐于效劳：With pleasure
10:语言：A：需要我帮助吗？Can I help you?
语言：B：谢谢,你真是太好了。Thank you,It's nice of you.
语言：B：不,谢谢。我自己可以管理好。No thanks,But I can manage/I'm OK.
U1P10
1:如此...以至于（两种）：So + adj/adv + that + 肯定句 = adj/adv + enough to do sth 例句：Tom起的这么早以至于他可以坐很早的公交车。（过去时，两种）Tom got up so early that he cought the early bus = Tom got up early enough to cought the early bus 太...以至于不能...（三种）：so + adj + adv + that + 否定句 = too + adj/adv + to do sth = not + adj/adv + enough + to do sth 例句：Kitty太年轻以至于不能照顾自己（三种）：Kitty is so young that she can't look after herself = Kitty is too young to look after herself = Kitty isn't old enough to look after herself
//2就是下面的2条例句
例句：Alice工作那么认真以至于她通过了考试（两种）：Alice worked so hard that she passed the exam = Alice worked hard enough to pass the exam
例句：Peter是那么粗心以至于他没有通过这次考试（两种）：Peter was so careless that he didn't pass the exam = Peter wasn't careful enough to pass the exam
3:enough后加（两种）：enough + 可数名词复数/+ 不可数名词 短语：足够的时间：enough time
//adv足够：adj + adv + enough
4:以便为了...（表目的，两种）：so that = in order that + 句子 以便为了做某事（两种）：so as to do sth = in order to do sth 为了不做某事（两种）：so as not to do sth = in order not to do sth 例句：Tom起的非常早.他能坐到较早的公交车（三种）：Tom get up very early.He could catch the early bus = Tom get up very early so that he could catch the early bus = Tom got up very early in order
to catch the early bus
//5:because + 句子 because + 名词或名词短语
例句：Tom昨天上学迟到了因为雨下得很大。Tom was late for school yesterday because it rained heavily 例句：Tom昨天上学迟到因为很大的雨：Tom was late for school yesterday because of the heavy rain
//这些句子没法默写。。。
//6:疑问词 + sb + 情态动词/will do sth = 疑问词 + to do sth 例句：我不知道怎么用这个机器。I don't know how I can use the machine = I don't know how to use the machine
例句；我好奇（wonder）我下个星期要什么（两种）。I wonder what I will do next week = I wonder what to do next week
7:做...对某人来说是...的：It's + adj + for sb + to do sth 做...对某人来说是...的（感叹句）：How + adj + it is for sb to do sth
例句：在凉爽的天气里去野餐对我们来说是很愉快的。It is very pleasent for us to have picnic on cool days
例句：在凉爽的天气里去野餐对我们来说是很愉快的。（感叹句）How pleasant it is for us to have a picnic on cool days
//It's + n + for sb + to do sth（fun/a good idea） //What + n + it is for sb to do sth
例句：在刮风天气里放风筝是件有趣的事。It's fun to fly kites on windy days 例句：在刮风天气里放风筝是件有趣的事。（感叹句）：What fun to fly kites on windy days 例句：养（keep）一只宠物狗是一个好建议。It's a good idea to keep pet dogs 例句：养（keep）一只宠物狗是一个好建议。（感叹句）What a good idea to keep pet dogs
8:反义疑问句用法：前否后肯，前肯后否
反义疑问句否定词：never/seldom/hardly/not/few/little/no/nothing/nobody Let's do sth,shall we? Let us do sth,will you? Do sth please,will you?
Don't do sth please,will you? Never do sth please,will you?
//there be,be there/is/are/was/were/were
//there be,be not there/isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't/weren't there
例句：Tom被允许周末玩电脑游戏，不是吗？Tom is allowed to play computer games at weekends ,isn;t he?
例句：Tom从来不迟到,难道不是吗？Tom is never late for school，is he?
例句：Tom已经去过美国两次,难道不是吗？Tom has already been to America twice,hasn't he?
U1P11
//代词（i,me,my等）省略
2:代词做主语用：主格 代词做宾语用：宾格 主宾一致用：反身代词
//by oneself //enjoy oneself //help oneself
形物代+n = 对应的名物代 形物代后要加：名词 名词前加代词为：形物代 名物代 = 形物代+名词
短语：我为自己买了本书：I bought myself a book 短语：这本书是我的：It's my book
短语：这本书属于我：The book bolongs to me 短语：这本书是我的书：the book is mine
3:A,B两者都：both A and B
例句：Alice和kitty都从德国来。Both Alice and Kitty are from Germany ...两者都：both of
例句：他们都从德国来：Both of them are from Germany 例句：我的父母都是老师：Both of my parents are teachers 在路的任意一边：on either side of the road 在路的两边：on both sides of the road
4:A,B两者没有一个是：neither A nor B
例句：Kitty和Alice没有一个是从德国来的。Neither Alice nor Kitty is from Germany //上面的例句中is要遵循临近原则，要看Kitty是否是复数 两者中没有一个是：neither of
例句：他们中没有一个喜欢英语：Neither of them likes English
语言：A：哪一个你喜欢,咖啡还是牛奶？Which would you like,coffee or milk? 语言：B：任意都行,我不在乎。Either is OK,I don't care
语言：B：都不喜欢,我已经喝的足够了。Neither ,I have just had enough
5:或者A或者B：either A or B 两者中任意一个：either of
6:不仅A而且B：not only A but also B
例句：不仅Tom而且Peter也喜欢英语：Not Tom but also Peter like English
7:全部：all the + 名词 //all of + 可数名词复数
例句：他们全都从德国来：All of them are from Germany
8:没有一个（三者以上范围内）：none of
U1P12
1:形容词的位置（五种）：be + adj/系动词 + adj/make/keep + sb + adj/make/find it + adj + for sb + to do sth/adj + n/不定代词 + adj
2:A和B一样：A ...as/so + adj + as B A不如B：A...not as/so + adj + as B
as..as中用：原级
例句：Alice和kitty的年龄一样。Alice is as old as Kitty
例句：Alice不如kitty高。Kitty比Alice高。Alice isn't as tall as Kitty.Kitty is taller than Alice.
3:adj比较级规则变化（第一种）：加er 加est adj比较级规则变化（第二种）：以e结尾直接加r 加st adj比较级规则变化（第三种）：y变i+er y变i+est adj比较级规则变化（第四种）：辅元辅结尾双写+er/est adj比较级规则变化（第五种）：多音节和部分双音节adj前加more/most
//useful helpful beautiful wonderful interesting important attractive expensive lovely comfortable friendly confident responsible
4:不规则变化：两好：good/well-better-best 不规则变化：两坏：bad/ill-worse-worest 不规则变化：两多：many/much-more-most 不规则变化：一少：little-less-least 不规则变化：一远：far-farther/further 深造/进修：further study
5:修饰比较级的词（大）：much/far/even 短语：大得多了：much bigger 短语：好得多了：far better
短语：甚至还要贵：even more expensive 修饰比较级的词（小）：a little/a bit
6:越来越：比较级 and 比较级
例句：我们的世界变得越来越小：Our world becomes smaller and smaller
7:越。。。越。。：the + 比较级....the + 比较级 短语：更多更好：The more,the better
例句：你更认真的话你犯的错就越少。The more careful you are the fewer mistake you will make
8:比较级常见的信号词：than/A or B/between/much/far/even + adj/adv 最高级常见信号词（8种）：前有the后有范围/one of + the + adj最高级 + 可数名词的范围/the + 序数词 + adj最高级 + 单数名词 + 范围/A,B or C/among/of all
U1P13
1:让/使某人做某事：make/let sb do sth 最好不做某事：had better (not) do sth （不）应该做某事：should (not) do sth 必须/不准做某事：must (not) do sth 不必做某事：needn't do sth
比起做某事，宁愿做某事：would rather do sth than do sth
建议句型中的do sth：shall we do sth/let's do sth/why not do sth/why don't you/we do sth 建议某人做某事：suggest (that) sb (should) do sth
2:要求/请示某人（不）要做某事：ask sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不）要做某事：tell sb (not) to do sth
决定（不）要做某事：decide (not) to do sth 想要某人做某事（两种）：would like (sb) to do sth = want (sb) to do sth //...动词 + 疑问词 + to do
做某事对谁来说是怎么样的（两种）：it's + adj + (for sb) + to do sth/it's + n + for sb + to do sth 能够做某事：be able to do sth
到做某事的时间：it's time to do sth 做某事对某人来说太怎样了（两种）：too + adj/adv + (for sb) + to do = adj/adv enough + to do 邀请某人做某事：invite sb to do sth 准许某人做某事：allow sb to do sth 希望做某事（两种）：hope/wish to do sth 鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb to do sth 期待（某人）做某事：expect (sb) to do sth
3:练习做某事：pratise doing sth 完成某事：finish doing sth
喜欢做某事：enjoy/love/like doing sth 持续做某事：keep doing sth
保持某人做某事：keep sb doing sth 介意做某事：mind doing sth
做某事怎么样：How/What about doing sth 忙于某事：be busy doing sth
看见/观赏/听见/提醒某人做某事：see/watch/hear/notice sb doing sth 感谢某人做某事：thank sb for doing sth 放弃做某事：give up doing sth 做某事：go doing sth
某人花费多少时间做某事：人 + spend + 疑问词/段时间 + (in) doing sth 做一些：do some ving
与其A不如B：prefer doing to doing
4:忘记要做某事：forget to do sth 忘记做过某事：forget doing sth
例句：不要忘记在你离开之前关掉灯：Don't forget to turn off the lights before you leave 例句：我永远不会忘记看过这部精彩的电影：I will never forget seeing the wonderful film 记得要做某事：remember to do sth 记得做过某事：remember doing sth 停下做另一件事：stop to do sth 停止正在做的事：stop doing sth
例句：Kitty在她做完作业之后停止了去休息。Kitty stopped to have a rest after finishing her homework
例句：当老师进教室时学生停止了讲话。Students stopped talking when the teacher entered the classroom
U1P14
1:争吵(v)：argue 争吵(n)：argument
短语：我们听见了一场大争吵。we heard a big argument
2:担忧(v)：worry 担忧的(adj)：worried
短语：这个男人看起来很担忧。The man looked worried 短语：不要担忧：Don't worry 例句：不要担心你的女儿，她已经足够大到能照顾她自己了。Don't worry about your doughter.She is old enough to take care of herself
3:小偷(n)：thief
小偷复数(n)：thieves 偷窃案(n)：theft
短语：报告一个偷窃案：report a theft
4:陌生的/古怪的(adj)：strange 陌生人(adj)：stranger
5：十分，很，非常(adv)：quite
例句：kitty非常聪明。Kitty is quite clever 例句：她跑得很快。she runs quite quickly 安静的(adj)：quiet 安静地(adj)：quietly
短语：保持安静：keep quiet
短语：对女人们轻轻地说话：said quietly to the women
6:忽然(adj)：sudden 忽然(adv)：suddenly
忽然（两种）：suddenly = all of a sudden
7:人群(n)/挤满了人(v)：crowd 拥挤的(adj)：crowded 被。。。充满：be crowded with
8:通常的(adj)：usual 不寻常的(adj)：unusual //important-unimportant
9:旅行-游客（第一种）：tour-tourist 旅行-游客（第二种）：visit-visitor 旅行-游客（第三种）：travel-traveller
U1P15
1:等待某人或某物：wait for sb/sth
2:对某人大声喊叫：shout at sb
3:盯着某人看：stare at sb
4:上车/船/飞机：get on 下车/船/飞机：get off
5:偷（原形过去式过去分词）：steal-stole-stolen 从某地/人偷某物：steal sth from sb/sp
6:追赶某人：go after sb 逃跑：run away
7:不见了（两种）：be gone = be missing 失踪的男孩（两种）：the lost boy = the missing boy
8:害怕某人或某物：be afraid of sb/sth 例句：Kitty害怕狗：kitty is afraid of dogs
//9:men/women后加可数名词复数
10:对于困境：in trouble 处于危险：in danger
11:看见某人正在做某事：see sb doing sth
12:干得好：well done 恭喜：congratulations!
13:某人遭遇某事：happen to sb 碰巧做某事：happen to do sth
例句：他没有来学校因为他遭遇了一场车祸：He didn't come to school because a car accident happened to him
例句：Kitty在机场碰巧遇见了她的老朋友：Kitty happened to meet her old friend at the airport
14:处理/解决/应对（加介词两种）：deal with = do with 如何怎样解决。。。（两种）：how...deal with = what... do with
15:（横）穿过：across
短语：横穿马路：walk across the road （内部）穿过：through
短语：从人群内部穿过：go through the crowd
16:匆忙（短语）：in a hurry
例句：快一点！只有一点时间了。hurry up!There is little time left 不要那么赶：don't hurry
例句：不要那么赶，还有一点时间。Don't hurry.There is still a little time left 匆忙去某地（两种）：hurry to sp = go to sp in a hurry 匆忙离开：hurry off
匆忙（原形过去式过去分词）：hurry-hurried-hurried
17:拨打号码：dial + 号码
【重点】18:上船/飞机：get aboard 【重点】出国：go abroad
19:采摘花果：pick
拿起捡起某物：pick sth up 中途接某人：pick sb up 挑选出：pick out
20:报告偷窃案：report the theft 报告抢劫案：report the robbery
21:意识到,发觉（两种）：realize = notice 使...成真（两种）：realize one's dream = make one's dream come true
22:尾随某人：follow sb
接受采纳某人的劝告（两种）：follow one's advice = take one's advice 下列的：the following
学习某人的榜样：follow one's example
23:打架,战斗（原形过去式过去分词）：fight-fought-fought 与某人打架：fight for sb
为自由而战：fight for freedom
与污染作斗争：fight against pollution
24:海关/风格习惯：customs 顾客(n)：customer
25:拿（原形过去式过去分词）：hold-held-held 开会（两种）：hold a meeting = have a meeting 抓着某物：hold sth
例句：这个公交车可以乘60人：The bus can hold 60 people 拿出，送出：hold out
26:展示某物给某人看（两种）：show sb sth = show sth to sb 展示给某人看如何做某事：show sb how to do sth 炫耀某物：show off sth
例句：风先生喜欢炫耀自己的力量：Mr wind like showing off his strength 带领某人参观某地：show sb around (sp) //show (that) + 句子
例句：这个资料表明年轻人将会以老师为工作
27:举起/张贴：put up 推迟/延期：put off 放下：put down 穿上/上演：put on 灭火：put out (fires)
U1P16
//现在进行时：正在发生的动作或声音 1:现在进行时标志（两种）：be am/is/are->ving look,...listen,... ,now
//过去进行时-》过去某个时间点或某个时间段在做某事
//2:过去进行时的标志：be was/were -> ving / this time yesterday/at + 几点钟 + yesterday/last Friday at that moment / ...yesterday afternoon
【重点】当...时某人正在干什么：过去进行时 + when sb + 短暂动词的过去式
例句：当他的父母进入他的房间时tom正在玩电脑游戏：Tom was playing computer games when his parents entered his room
//过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时
//3:一般过去时的标志：
//时间状语yesterday morning/afternoon/eveing //yesterday/the day before yesterday //last Friday/week/month/spring/year //段时间 + ago //in + 过去年份
//in the past/just now/this morning/once
4:过去式的规则变化（第一种）：+ed 过去式的规则变化（第二种）：e + d 过去式的规则变化（第三种）：辅音结尾 + y->i + ed 过去式的规则变化（第四种）：元音结尾 + y->ed 过去式的规则变化（第五种）：辅元辅双写结尾+ed
5:（变过去式、过去分词）put：put-put-put （变过去式、过去分词）set：set-set-set
（变过去式、过去分词）hurt：hurt-hurt-hurt （变过去式、过去分词）beat：beat-beat-beat （变过去式、过去分词）shut：shut-shut-shut
（变过去式、过去分词）spread：spread-spread-spread （变过去式、过去分词）cost：cost-cost-cost （变过去式、过去分词）cut：cut-cut-cut （变过去式、过去分词）hit：hit-hit-hit （变过去式、过去分词）let：let-let-let
（变过去式、过去分词）read：read-read-read
6:（变过去式、过去分词）come：come-came-come （变过去式、过去分词）make：make-made-made （变过去式、过去分词）get：get-got-got （变过去式、过去分词）feel：feel-felt-felt
（变过去式、过去分词）hear：hear-heard-heard （变过去式、过去分词）find：find-found-found （变过去式、过去分词）hold：hold-held-held （变过去式、过去分词）have：have-had-had
（变过去式、过去分词）teach：teach-taught-taught
（变过去式、过去分词）build：build-built-built
（变过去式、过去分词）bring：bring-brought-brought （变过去式、过去分词）think：think-thought-thought （变过去式、过去分词）buy：buy-bought-bought （变过去式、过去分词）fight：fight-fought-fought （变过去式、过去分词）deal：deal-dealt-dealt （变过去式、过去分词）keep：keep-kept-kept （变过去式、过去分词）leave：leave-left-left （变过去式、过去分词）lose：lose-lost-lost （变过去式、过去分词）meet：meet-met-met （变过去式、过去分词）pay：pay-paid-paid
（变过去式、过去分词）spend：spend-spent-spent （变过去式、过去分词）sleep：sleep-slept-slept （变过去式、过去分词）win：win-won-won
（变过去式、过去分词）stand：stand-stood-stood （变过去式、过去分词）mean：mean-meant-meant （变过去式、过去分词）feed：feed-fed-fed （变过去式、过去分词）go：go-went-gone （变过去式、过去分词）take：take-took-taken （变过去式、过去分词）see：see-saw-seen
（变过去式、过去分词）write：write-wrote-written （变过去式、过去分词）give：give-gave-given
（变过去式、过去分词）choose：choose-chose-chosen （变过去式、过去分词）break：break-broke-broken （变过去式、过去分词）freeze：freeze-froze-frozen （变过去式、过去分词）eat：eat-ate-eaten
（变过去式、过去分词）drink：drink-drank-drunk （变过去式、过去分词）grow：grow-grew-grown （变过去式、过去分词）blow：blow-blew-blown （变过去式、过去分词）fly：fly-flew-flown
（变过去式、过去分词）draw：draw-drew-drawn
（变过去式、过去分词）forget：forget-forgot-forgotten （变过去式、过去分词）begin：begin-began-begun （变过去式、过去分词）hide：hide-hid-hidden （变过去式、过去分词）fall：fall-fell-fallen
（变过去式、过去分词）know：know-knew-known （变过去式、过去分词）steal：steal-stole-stolen （变过去式、过去分词）wake：wake-woke-woken （变过去式、过去分词）ride：ride-rode-ridden （变过去式、过去分词）drive：drive-drove-driven （变过去式、过去分词）lie：lie-lay-lain
6:现在完成时（第一种）：过去发生事件对现在造成的影响 现在完成时（第二种）：从过去开始到现在以后还有可能继续下去
7:现在完成时结构：have/has + p.p
8:现在完成时中already,just用于：肯定 yet用于：否定和疑问
9:常用现在完成时的时间状语（5种）：for + 段时间 / since + 点时间 / since + 句子 / once/twice/three times / in the past few years / recently
10:（瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）buy：have-has/have had （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）borrow：keep-have/has kept （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）begin：be on-have/has been on （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）leave：be away-have/has been on （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）come：be in-have/has been in （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）join：be in-have/has been in
（瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）return：be back-have/has been back
（瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）fall asleep：be asleep-have/has been asleep （瞬间动词变连续性动词或状态）fall ill：be ill-have/has been ill
11:去了某地还未回：have gone to sp 去了某地已回：have been to sp
从过去到现在，可能还将在某处：have been in sp
例句：王先生已经去了北京还未回来。他会在三天之内回来：Mr Wang has gone to Beijing,He will be back in 3 days
U1P17
基数词变序数词,1,,2,3,5,9,12：one-first two-second three-third five-fifth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth 变序数词直接加th的基数词：4,6,7,10,11,13-19 整十以y结尾：y-ie + th
几十几变序数词：整十不变个位变序数词
2:百：hundred 千：thousand 万：million 十亿：billion
3:概数的特征：前无后有 确数的特征：前有后无
4:后面用确数的词（三种）：over/more than/about
5:分数的特征：分子为基,分母为序,分子大于1,分母加s
//小数：小数点读作point //小数点前整数部分整个读 //小数点后单个读
//25,36:twenty-five point three six
7:百分数：percent
8:一月：January 二月：February 三月：March 四月：April 五月：May 六月：June 七月：July 八月：August 九月：September 十月：October 十一月：November 十二月：December
9:星期1-7：Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunny
10:(风/云/雨/雪/晴/雾)天：windy/cloudy/rainy/snowy/sunny/foggy
U1P18
1:at的5种用法:at + 几点钟 / at night / at present / at/on weekends / at once
2:in的10种用法：in + 年份 / in + 月份 / in + 季节 / in +年代 ／in one's + 整十复数 / in + 段时间 / in the morning/afternoon/evening / in the past / inthe future / in the past few years //in the past few years 用于现在完成时
3:关于on的8种用法：on + 星期几 / on + 星期几 + morning/afternoon/evening / on + 节日 / on + 某年某月某日 / on the morning/afternoon/evening of + 某年某月某日或出生死亡时间 / on + 天气 / on a cold winter morning / on that day
4:for + 段时间
5:关于since的三种用法：since + 点时间 / since + 句子 / since than
6:不用介词的时间（7种）：this/that/last/next/tomorrow/yesterday/tonight = this evening
U1P19
1:可数名词的规则变化（第一种）：+s 可数名词的规则变化（第二种）：以s,x,ch,sh + es 可数名词的规则变化（第三种）：以o结尾无生命+s 以o结尾有生命 +es 可数名词的规则变化（第四种）：辅音字母+y结尾 y-i+es 元音字母加y结尾 +s 可数名词的规则变化（第五种）：f/fe结尾 f/fe-v + es
2:可数名词变复数特殊变化（7个）：oo-ee man-men German-Germans people-police sheep deer fish的三个含义：v捕鱼 cn一条条的鱼 un鱼肉 捉鱼(v)：fish
渔夫(n)：fisherman
渔夫复数(n)：fishermen
3:常考的不可数名词：weather advice information new time food homework work water milk paper
4:修饰可数名词复数的词（6个）：few/a few/serveral/many/a small number of/a large number of
5:修饰不可数名词的词（4+2种）：little/a great deal/a little/much/a huge amount of = huge amounts of
6:一些：some 足够的：enough 许多（两种）：a lot of = lots of 很多：plenty of
//以上4种词后加可数名词复数或不可数名词
7:a piece of+（4种）：news/advice/paper/bread 短语：一杯牛奶：a bottle of milk 短语：三杯：three bottles of
短语：一件家具：a set of furniture
8:什么后加a few/a little：only/still
U1P20
1:告诉（原形-过去式-过去分词）：tell-told-told 告知某人有关某事：tell sb about sth 给某人讲故事：tell (sb) a story/stories 告诉某人一个秘密：tell (sb) a secret 告知某人真相：tell (sb) the truth
告诉某人不要做某事：tell sb (not) to do sth
2:说（原形-过去式-过去分词）：say-said-said //What...say 强调说话内容 say+：直接引语或间接引语 例句：tom说：“我下个星期会去上海。”：Tom said \" I will go to Shanghai next week\" 例句：tom说他下个星期会去上海：Tom said he would go to Shanghai next week
3:讲话（原形-过去式-过去分词）：speak-spoke-spoken speak+：语言
speak强调：发言讲话 say强调：内容
例句：谁将会在会上发言：Who will speak at the meeting?
例句：你要在会议上说什么吗？What will you say at the meeting? 发言(v)：speak 演讲(n)：speech 作演讲（两个动词）：make/give a speech
4:对...讲话（原形-过去式-过去分词）：talk-talked-talked 和某人交谈：talk with sb
谈论有关某事：talk about sth
和某人谈论某事：talk about sth with sb talk to sb强调：说话者和某人对话
5:带来（原形-过去式-过去分词）：bring-brought-brought 带来给某人某物：bring sb sth = bring sth to sb
6:带去（原形-过去式-过去分词）：take-took-taken 带某人/物去某地：take sb/sth to sp 某人随身带某物：take sth with sb 例句：今天下午可能会下雨，请你随身带一把伞。It will rain this afternoon,please take an umbrella with you
7:搬运（重物）（原形-过去式-过去分词）：carry-carried-carried
8:去取：fetch
9:花（钱）：spend-spent-spent
某人在某物上花钱：人 + spend + 钱 + on 物
某人花段时间做某事：人 + spend + 段时间 + (in) doing sth
10:付钱（原形-过去式-过去分词）：pay-paid-paid 某人为某物付钱：人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物 关注某人/物：pay attention to sb/sth 去某地参观：pay a visit to sp
11:花费（原形-过去式-过去分词）：cost-cost-cost 某物花费某人多少钱：物 + cost sb + 钱 某物值多少钱：物 + cost + 钱
12:做某事花费某人多少时间：It takes/took sb + 段时间 + to do sth
13:短语：为这本书付了20元：spent 20 yuan on the book
她为了买这本书付了20元：she spent 20 yuan buying the book 她为这本书付了20元：she paid 20 yuan for the book 这本书花了她20yuan：The book cost her 20 yuan
例句：他花了2个小时完成了他的工作：He spent 2 hours finishing his work 例句：完成他的工作花费了他2个小时：It took hom 2 hours to finish his work
14:穿上：put on 穿着：wear 试穿：try on
给某人穿衣服：dress sb
15:到达某地（四种）：reach sp = get to sp = arrive at sp = arrive in sp
16:寻找：look for 找到：find
弄清楚/查明白：find out
U1P21
1:another两种用法：another+单数n/another + 基数词 + 可数n复
2:一者..另一者：one...the other one...the other用于（两种）：前有说明两者/未说明默认为两者 【重点】在另一只手上（两种）：in one's other hand = in the other hand
3:较大范围内列举两种：somw...others 列举三种：some...some...others
4:其他人/物（两种）：others = other + 可数名词复数 短语：乐于助人：be ready to help others
5:剩余的人/物（两种）：the others = the rest
例句：这里有10个学生在公园，一些造读书一些在钓鱼：There are 10 students in the park.Some are reading ,the others are fishing. 例句：这里有5个学生在教室，两个在读书，其它的在做他们的家作。There are 5 students in the classroom.Two are reading,the others are doing their homework. 例句：这里有5个学生在教室，两个在读书，其它的三个学生在做他们的家作。There are 5 students in the classroom.Two are reading,the other threestudentsaredoingtheirhomework
6:anyother后加：单数n
例句：Tom是我们班最高的人（两种形式）：Tom is the tallest boy in our class = Tom is tyaller than any other boy in our class
7:互相帮助（两种）：help each other = help one another
U1P22 //作文
U1P23
1:你觉得某人/物怎么样？（两种）what do you think of sb/sth? = how do you like sb/sth?
//A:what do you think of Alice? //B:she is clever/She is a clever girl //A:How do you like Eglish?
//B:It'e interesting/It's an important subject
2:one（变基数词，次数）：first once two（变基数词，次数）：second twice 短语：我第一次参观。my first visit 短语：一星期一次：once a week
短语：第二次课程：the second lesson 短语：两次一个月：twice a month
3:写近义词：dull-boring 写近义词：easy-simple 反义词：tall-short 反义词：long-short 反义词：old-new 反义词：old-young
反义词：cheap-expensive 反义词：big-small 反义词：cold-warm 反义词：light-heavy
4:担忧某物（两种）：be worried about sb/sth = worry about sb/sth
5:匆忙（adj-adv）:hurry-hurriedly
匆忙去某地（三种）:go to sp in a hurry = go to sb hurriedly = hurry to sp
6:真的(adj)：real 实现(n)：realize
realize等同于：notice + (that)从句 使某人梦想成真（两种）：realize one's dream = make one's dream come true really两种意义：十分，非常/表吃惊 短语：一个真实的故事：a real story
U1P24
1:国家的(adj)：national 国家(n)：nation
短语：国旗：the national flag
一个国际语言/城市：an international language/city
2:力量(n)：power 有力的(adj)：powerful
短语：知识就是力量：knowledge is power
3:发明(v)：invent 发明者：inventor 发明物：invention
4:计算(v)：calculate 计算器(n)：calculator 计算(n)：calculation
用于计算机(adj)：calculating
例句：我们用电子计算器计算：We use electronic calculators to calculate 例句：算盘是个有用的计算工具：Abacuse are useful calculating machines 例句：计算机可以在一瞬间做计算：computers can do a calculation in a flash
5:电(n)：electricity 电子的(adj)：electronic
电带动的(adj)：electric
6:发展(v)：develop 发展(n)：development
例句：我们很高兴看见上海的发展。We are glad to see the development of Shanghai 发达国家：developed countries 发展中国家：developing countries
7:惊奇(v)：amaze
令人惊奇的(adj)：amazing 惊奇，惊喜(adj)：amazed
短语：一个令人惊奇的大脑：an amazing brain
8:解决(v)：solve
【重点】解决(n)：solution 解决问题（两种）：solve the problem = work out 短语：问题的解决方案：the solution to the problem 短语：去某地的路：the way to sp
短语：问题的答案：the answer to the question 短语：去门的路：the way to the door 解决(v)（变过去式过去分词）：solve-solved-solved
9:生活(v)：live 活着的(adj)：living 【重点】：生物：living things
短语：一个活电脑：a living computer 活着的(adv)：alive
//alive和living的区别：livinga用在名词前作前置定语，alive用在be动词/系动词后做表语 alive用法（两种）：keep/stay alive be alive 生命(n)：life
拯救某人生命：save one's life 丧生：lose one's life 日常生活：daily life
10:中国（国家-人-复数）：China-Chinese-Chinese 日本（国家-人-复数）：Japan-Japanese-Japanese 美国（国家-人-复数）：America-American-Americans 澳大利亚（国家-人-复数）：Australia-Australian-Australians 印度（国家-人-复数）：India-Indian-Indians 意大利（国家-人-复数）：Italy-Italian-Italians 加拿大（国家-人-复数）：Canada-Canadian-Canadians 德国（国家-人-复数）：Germany-German-Germans 法国（国家-人-复数）：France-French-French 英国（国家-人-复数）：Briton-British-British
11:准确的(adj)：accurate 准确地(adv)：accurately
U1P25
1:至少（两种）：at least = no less than 至多（两种）：at most = no more than
2:某人拥有的某物：one's own sth
3:一个算盘：an abacus
一个电子计算器：an electronic calculator
4:在古代：in ancient times
5:用不同的方式：in different ways 用相同的方式：in the same ways 以这种方式：in this way 以那种方式：in that way way的两种意思：路/方法
6:使做某事对某人：make it + adj + for sb to do sth
例句：英语使我对外国人讲话成为可能.English makes it possible for me to talk with foreigners
7:几乎，将近（两种）：nearly = almost
8:against两种意思：反对/与...相比
9:把A放入B：add A to B
10:把整体分为若干部分：divide 整体 in to 若干部分
11:A加B（动词形式）：add A and B A减B（动词形式）：subtract B from A A乘B（动词形式）：multiply A by B A除于B（动词形式）：divide A by B A加B（介词形式）：A plus B A减B（介词形式）：A minus B A乘B（介词形式）：A multiplied by B A除于B（介词形式）：A dieided by B
12:像闪电一般快速地（两种）：in a flash = like lighting
U1P26
//这页主要是祈使句和时间的说法，不便于背诵，不抄
U1P27
1:伤害(v)：harm
有害的(adj)：harmful 无害的(adj)：harmless 对某人有害（三种）：do harm to sb = be harmful to sb = be bad for sb
2:危险(n)：danger
危险的(adj)：dangerous 处于危险中：in danger
保持某人安全：keep sb (safe) from danger
3:亚洲(n)：Asia 亚洲的(adj)：Asian 非洲(n)：Africa
非洲的(adj)：African 欧洲(n)：Europe
欧洲的(adj)：European 美洲(n)：America
美洲的(adj)：American
4:希腊(n)：Greece 希腊人：Greek
希腊人(复数)：Greeks 说希腊语：speak Greek 住在希腊：live in Greece
从希腊来：come from Greece
5:灭绝：die out 死于..：die of 死的(adj)：dead 死亡(n)：death
某人的死亡（两种）：the death of sb = sb's death
例句：他的死亡使我们很伤心。his death made us very sad
6:凶猛的(adj)：fierce 凶猛的比较级：fiercer 最凶猛的：fiercest 凶猛地(adv)：fiercely
7:温和的(adj)：gentle 温和地(adv)：gently
8:认为(v-过去式-过去分词)：think-thought-thought 思考者(n)：thinker 思想(n)：thought
9:创造(v-过去式-过去分词)：create-created-created
//10条在U1P23第6条重复，不抄
U1P28
1:因为某人/物而闻名：be famous for sb/sth
例句：上海因为东方明珠塔而闻名。Shanghai is famous for the Oriental Pearl TV Tower 作为某物而闻名：be famous as sth 有名的（两种）:famous = well-known
2:在夜里：at night 在半夜：at midnight
与此同时：at the same time
3:到处（两种）：everywhere = here and there
4:做某事的方法（两种）：the way to do sth = the way of doing sth
5:逃离：run away 离开：go away 扔掉：throw away
扔（v-过去式-过去分词）：throw-threw-thrown
6:比较级的词（三种）：even/much/far
7:买某物给某人（两种）：buy sb sth = buy sth to sb buy变延续性动词：have buy（v-过去式-过去分词）：buy-bought-bought
8:成为某人物：became + n
短语：成为一个老师/一个国际城市：become a teacher/an international city
become作系动词的用法：become + adj
9:看着某人/某物：look at sb/sth 寻找某人/物：look for sb/sth
look up 的两种意思：查字典/向上看 看起来像人/物：look like sb/sth
期待做某事：look forward to doing sth
10:了解某人/物：know about sb/sth
例句：我不了解很多关于恐龙。I don't know much about dinsours 对...了解很多：know much about 对...了解很少：know little about
11：遗留：leave behind
落下，抛于脑后：leave sth behind 扔垃圾：leave rubbish
例句：不要乱扔垃圾：Don't leave rubbish leave（原形变过去式过去分词）：leave-left-left 短语：离校：leave school
12:在地球上：on the Earth 在世界上：in the world
13:by的三种用法：by sb/sth / by + 工具 / by sp
14:进修：further study
15:be born +（四种）：in + sp/in + 年份月份季节/on + 具体某天/at + 几点钟
16:导致,引起(v-过去式-过去分词)：cause-caused-caused 导致某事：cause + sth 致癌：cause rancer
导致某人做某事：cause sb to do sth
17:尽可能/尽某人可能：as + adj/adv + as possible = as + ... + as sb can/could 例句：我会尽快打电话给你：I will call you as soon as possible 尽可能(n形式)：as + adj + n + as possible / sb can/could
18:看见某人做某事：see sb doing sth
19:while + ：进行/延续
20:游乐场：an amusement park 迪士尼乐园：disneyland
21:老鼠（v-复数）：mouse-mice
22:病/疾病(n)：disease 心脏病：heart disease 生病：illness
23:政府(n)：the goverment 例句：政府告诉渔民当天气不好的时候不要捕鱼：The goverment tells the fishman not to go fishing when the weather is bad
24:尽管（2种）：altough = though + 句子 although和什么不能同时出现在句中：but although可以和什么同时出现在句中：still
例句：虽然他已经超过60岁，他仍然看起来强壮健康。：Although he is over 60,he ill looks strong and healthy = he is over 60,but he still looks strong and healthy
//although + 句子,句子 = 句子,but + 句子
15:相信(v-过去式-过去分词)：believe-believed-believed 相信某人：believe sb
认为/确信：believe (that) + 句子 信任/信仰(n)：belief
信仰某物：believe in sth
U1P29
1:迷路：be lost = be missing
2:用尽/耗尽某物：run out of sth
3:土地(n)：land
land是否可数：不可数
着陆(v-过去式-过去分词)：land-landed-landed
4:离...近（两种）：close to = near 接近...靠近（两种）：get close to = approach
5:山谷(n-pl)：valley-valleys 钥匙(n-pl)：key-keys
楼层(n-pl)：storey-storeys
6:进入某地（封闭场所）：get into sp 走出某地（封闭场所）：get out of sp 上（车...）：get on 下（车）：get off
7:从内部穿过：through 横穿：across //常跟在动词后
短语：步行穿过马路：walk across the road
8:除了（包括）：besides 除了（不包括）：except
例句：除了语文我们也学习英语：Besides chinese we also learn English
9:看起来几乎是人：look almost human 看起来像某人：look like sb/sth
10:清楚(adj-adv)：clear-clearly //it's clear that
例句：我不能清楚地看见黑板上的字：I can't see the words on the black bloard clearly
11:平滑的(adj)：smooth 粗糙的(adj)：rough
12:和平(n-adj-adv)：peace-peaceful-peacefully 和平(adv-另一种形式)：peacefully = in peace
13:on的意义：在...上面（接触表面） above的意义：在...上方
over的意义：在...的垂直正上方
14:进入某处（两种）：enter sp = go/walk into sp
15:与...相似：be similar to
16:拉(v)：pull 推(v)：push
17:sound的意义：声音 voice的意义：嗓音 noise的意义：噪音
8:相信某人（两种）：trust sb = believe sb
19:单的(adj)：single 双的(adj)：double
短语：一个单层巴士：a single decker bus 一个双层巴士：a double decker bus
20:使...害怕(v-adj人-adj物)：frighten-frightening-frightened
21:主动提供给某人某物（两种）：offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 主动提出做某事：offer to do sth
22:安排(v-n)：arrange-arrangement
23:人的(adj)：human
看起来几乎是人：look almost human 人(n-pl)：human-humans
24:摇动,抖动(v-过去式-过去分词)：shake-shook-shaken 握手：shake hands 摇头：shake the head
他的声音发抖：his voice shook
地面开始振动：the ground began to shake
25:给某人一个恩惠：do sb a favour 助某人一臂之力：give sb a hand
26:杀死某人：kill sb 消磨时间：kill the time
27:发生了什么事（两种）：what's going on? = what's happening
28:take place两种用法（是否用于被动，相当于）：发生 = happen 不用于被动 / 举行 = hold 可用于被动
29:轮流做某事（两种）：in turn to do sth = take turns to do sth 转向某人：turn to/towards sb //turn to sb for sth
打开,关闭：turn on/off 翻身：turn over
让A变成B：turn (A) into/to B
30:全体工作人员：crew 队长：captain 笼子：cage 外星人：alien 洞穴：cave 钢：steel 悬崖：cliff 怪兽：monster 岩石：rock 种类：type 山谷：type
历险：adventure 血：blood 磁铁：magnet
U1P30
1:入睡：fall asleep 生病：fall ill
fall（原形-过去式-过去分词）：fall-fell-fallen
2:fell（原形-过去式-过去分词）：fell-felt-felt //fell v摸,摸索
3:逃脱（原形-过去式-过去分词）：escape-escaped-escaped 从某地/人逃脱：escape from sb/sp
短语：从高科手中逃脱：escape from Gork 逃到某地：escape to sp
逃脱得到安全/自由：escape to safety/freedom
4:躺（原形-过去式-过去分词）：lie-lay-lain 躺下：lie down
躺在地上：lie on the ground lie变ing形式：lying
说谎（原形-过去式-过去分词）：lie-lied-lied 对某人说谎：lie to sb
例句：他又一次对我说谎：he lied to me again 说一个谎：tell a lie 摆放餐具：lay the table 产卵/蛋：lay eggs
5:吸引（v-adj-n-pl）：attract-attractive-attraction-attractions
例句：上海每年吸引了百万的游客：Shanghai attracts millions of tourists every years 例句：上海有很多吸引游客的事物：There are many tourist attractions in Shang hai
例句：上海是中国最有吸引力的城市之一：Shanghai is one of the most attrative cities in China
6:起来：get up 醒来：wake up
叫醒某人：make sb up 熬夜：stay up
wake（原形-过去式-过去分词）：wake-woke-woken 保持清醒：stay awake
7:你怎么了（两种）：what's wrong with you? = what's the matter with you? //部分没有抄完
8:某物有毛病：there is something wrong with sth 某物没问题（两种）：There is nothing wrong with sth = there isn't anything wrong with sth 某物有问题吗？Is there anything wrong with sth
9:上床睡觉：go to bed 去上学：go to school 去上班：go to work
10:躲藏（v-过去式-过去分词）：hide-hid-hidden hide(ing形式)：hiding
11:击打（原形-过去式-过去分词）：hit-hit-hit
短语：击中怪物的眼睛：his the monster in the eye
12:一个接一个：one by one
13:做一个好的梦/美/坏/糟糕：have a good dream/sweet/bad/be terrible
14:自由的(adj)：free 自由(n)：freedom
对某人免费：be free to sb
15:瞄准某人/物：aim at sb/sth
16:按按钮：press the button
17:袭击/攻击某物：attack sb/sth 损伤某人/物：damage sb/sth 摧毁某物：destroy sth
18:就在那时：just then
19:肯定不行/完了：be done for
完了死定了：be finished
20:不要害怕（两种）：don't panic = Don't be afraid
21:金：gold 银：silver 钢铁：steel
//22：一点点a little修饰v的表示程度 //a lot 表示幅度上的大小 //打开一点点：open the door //帮我很多：help me a lot //a little + 比较级 = l bit //a lot = much + 比较级
23:当然（三种）：sure = certainly = of course 确信的(adj)：be sure 短语：确信（两种形式）：be sure that + 从句 = make sure that + 从句 例句：我确信她会实现她的梦想：I'm sure that she will realize her dream
例句：我想要确信你将会认真地做家庭作业：I want to make sure that you will do your homework carefully
24:安静(v)：silent 安静地(adv)：silently 安静(n)：silence
25:决定（原形-过去式-过去分词）：decide-decided-decided 决定不要做某事：decide (not) to do sth 作出一个决定：make a decision
26:发生：happen
发生了什么（过去时两种）：what's happened? = what took place 发生了什么（现在进行时）：what's happening? = what's going on? 某事发生在某人身上：sth happen to sb 碰巧做某事：happen to do sth
27:突然的(adj)：immediate 突然地(adv)：immediatly immediatly = （两种）：at once = in no time
28:塑料(n)：plastic
29:回答（两种）：answer = reply //reply-replied
30:安全的(adj)：safe 安全地(adv)：safely
保持某人免于危险：keep (sb) safe from danger
安全到达某地：arrive in/at sp safely 安全(n)：safety
短语：安全第一：safety first 短语：用火安全：fire safety 短语：...的安全：the safety of 逃向安全：escape to safety 拯救(v)：save
拯救某人生命：save one's life //life-lives(pl)
节约水/钱/纸/时间：save water/money/paper/time 浪费：waste
U1P31
1:在...上面（特征）：on 接触表面 在...下面（特征）：under 不接触表面 在...上方（特征）（两种）：over 不接触表面,垂直 / above 不接触,不垂直 在...里面：in 在...旁边：beside 在...隔壁：next to 在...后面：behind 在...前面（两种）：in front of = before 在左边：on the left 在右边：on the right 在两者之间：between 在...之中：among 到...上面：onto 到...里面：into
短语：把书放到桌子上：put the book onto the desk
2:some用在什么句子中（两种）：肯定句/疑问句 当some用于疑问句时的意义（两种）：表示诚意的邀请/希望对方答应自己的请求
//3太过简单，例句不抄
4：有人，某人（两种）：somebody = someone 任何人（两种）：anybody = anyone 没有人（两种）：nobody = no one
5:某物（肯定）：something 疑问：anything 没有物：nothing
U1P32
1:明天：tomorrow
明天早上：tomorrow morning 后天：the day after tomorrow
下一个星期一：next monday 下一次：next time 今晚（两种）：this evening = tonight
【重点】即将到来的星期六：this coming saturday 一段时间：in + 段时间 在将来：in the future 不久，马上：soon
2:结构（肯定）（两种）：will do sth = be going to do sth 结构（否定）（两种）：won't do sth = be not going to do sth
3:there be 中is/are用法：单数名词、不可数用is 可数名词复数用are
4:链接主从句的5种词：if/as soon as/when/after/until
5:你能帮我做某事吗：will you please do sth?
6:常用进行时表达将来（3种）：come/go/leave
U1P33
1:恩惠(n)：favour
最喜欢的(adj)/最喜欢的人/物(n)：favourite 给某人一个恩惠：do sb a favour
我最喜欢的科目：my favourite subject
2:睡觉(v)：sleep 困倦的(adj)：sleepy
短语：感到困倦：feel sleepy 睡着的(adj)：asleep 短语：入睡：fall asleep
3:探索(v-过去式-过去分词)：explore-explored-explored 探索者(n)：explorer
被开发过的(adj)：explored
未被开发过的(adj)：unexplored
4:对某人友好（两种）：be kind to sb = be firendly to sb 与某人交朋友：make firends with sb 友谊(n)：firendship
5:最后（三种）：finally = at last = in the end
6:在黎明：at dawn 在中午：at noon 在夜里：at night 在半夜：at night
7:部分(n)：part
一定程度上(adv)：partly
例句：他输掉了比赛，一定程度上是因为他没有好好休息。：He lost the game,partly because he didn't have a good rest 参加活动：take part in
积极参加活动：take an active part in
在某方面起着重要作用：play an import part in sth
例句：英语在我们日常生活中起着重要作用：English plays an import part in our daily life
8:赢(v-过去式-过去分词)：win-won-won 赢得一场游戏/比赛：win a/the game/match 赢家(n-pl)：winner-winners
9:输(v-过去式-过去分词)：lose-lost-lost 赢家-输家：winner-loser
输掉一场比赛/游戏：lose a match/game 失去生命：lose one's life 失业：lose one's job 减肥：lose weight 增肥：put on weight 灰心：lose heart
别灰心：Don't lose heart 失去兴趣：lose interest
在某物中迷失的：lose oneself in sth lose=：missing
lose和missing在句中的位置：在n前作定语，在be或系动词后做表语 短语：失踪的男孩：the lost boy 短语：找到失踪的人：get lost 失踪：be missing
10:强壮的(adj)：strong 虚弱的(adj)：weak
U1P34
1:被动语态基本结构：be + p.p + by sb/sth 被动语态注意（三个）：有无情态动词/不同时态/被动语态主语单复数/不可数
2：有情态动词：情 + be + p.p + by sb/sth
3:一般过去式：was/were + p.p + by sb/sth
4:一般现在时：am/is/are + p.p + by sb/sth
5:一般将来时：will + be + p.p + by sb/sth
6:现在完成时：has/have + been + p.p + by sb/sth
//8是例句，暂时不默,7是P16页内容
U1P35
1:what感叹中心词是：n how感叹中心词是：adj/adv
2:感叹句原句中有什么样的程度副词要去掉（三种）：very/so/quite
3:对un的感叹：what adj un 主 谓? 对单数名词的感叹（两种不同情况）：what a adj(辅音开头) 单数n 主 谓？/what an adj(元音开头) 单数n 主 谓？
对可数复数的感叹：what adj 可数n复数 主 谓！
4:对adj的感叹：how adj 主 谓（be/系动词） 对adv的感叹：how adv 主 谓（使役动词）
U1P36
1:硬的(adj)：hard 软的(adj)：soft
困难的(adj)：difficult 苦功：hard work
例句：没有做苦功你不可能取得好的进步。You can't make great progress without hard work 短语：艰辛的生活：live a hard life 学习努力：study hard 工作努力：work hard 几乎不(adv)：hardly hardly用于（两种）：反义疑问句/在动词前
例句：我几乎不能记起他的名字：I can hardly remeber his name 例句：我几乎不相信我的眼睛：I can hardly believe my eyes 勤快的(adj)：hardworking 例句：Alice很勤快（两种）：Alice works hard = Alice is hardworking
2:逗乐(v)：amuse
令人快乐的(adj)：amusing 被逗乐(adj)：amused 娱乐(n)：amusement
短语：游乐园：amusement park
例句：你的笑话听起来很令人快乐：Your joke sounded amusing 短语：他看起来被逗乐了：he looked amused
短语：他的脸上带着一个娱乐的表情：With a look of amusement on his face
3:使愉悦(v)：please 让人愉悦(adj)：pleasant 高兴/满足(adj)：pleased 高兴(n)：pleasure
对某物满意（两种）：be pleased with sth = be satisfied with sth 乐意效劳（帮助前）：with pleasure 乐意效劳（帮助后）：It's my pleasure
4:打开(v)：open 关上(v)：close 开着的(adj)：open 关着的(adj)：closed 离...近（两种）：close to = near 亲密的朋友：close friends
5:be动词作表语时：无连字符有负数 数字+单位复数+adj 例句：这个建筑有5米高：The building is 5 meters high 例句：这个女孩是5岁了：The girl is 5 years old 名词前做定语：有连字符无复数
短语：一个五岁大的女孩：a 5-year-old girl
短语：一个5层楼高的建筑：a 5-storey-building
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