第三章 模拟练习与答案
Blank Filling
1. In the early nineteenth century, Washington Irving wrote .which became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.
2. The Romantic period in the American literary history covers the time between the end of the century to the outbreak of the . It started with the publication of Irving's and ended with Whitman's . This period is also called.
3. Irving's The Sketch Book is a collection of essays, sketches and tales, of which
the
most
famous
and
frequently
anthologized
are
and . 4. The Transcendental Club often met at 's Concord home.
5. Emersonian Transcendentalism is actually a philosophical school which absorbed some ideological concerns of American and Euro pean Romanticism.
6. was regarded as Father of the American short stories. 7. Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver Goldsmith, and
the other is .
8. Cooper's novel was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War.
9. The central figure in the Leatherstocking Tales is. , who goes by the various names of Leatherstocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder and Hawkeye.
10. In , Whitman airs his sorrow at President Lincoln's death.
11. The great work not only demonstrates Emersonian ideas of self-reliance but also develops and tests Thoreau's own transcendental philosophy.
12. In , Whitman's own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young growing America.
13. \"Imbued with an inquiring imagination, an intensely meditative mind, and unceasing interest in the ntenor of the heart' of man's being\" is used to describe .
14. by Melville is a novella about a ship whose black slave cargo mutiny holds their captain a terrorized hostage.
15. A superb book came out of Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond.
16. From Thoreau's Concord jail experience, came his famous essay
17. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne's novel .
18. Melville's novel is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.
19. The best of Cooper's sea romances was .The hero of the novel represents John Pall Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War.
20. is the narrator in Moby-Dick.
21. Transcendentalism was put forward by the people from .
22. has been regarded as \"America's Declaration of Intellectual Independence.\"
23. Published in 1823, was the first of the Leatherstocldng Tales, in their publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.
24. The way in which wrote The Scarlet Letter suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.
25. can somewhat be called \"the Father of the American detective story\".
II. Multiple Choice
1. Statement is wrong in describing Nathaniel Hawthorne.
A. One source of evil that Hawthorne is concerned most is over-reaching intellect
B. Hawthorne is a realistic writer
C. Hawthorne is also a great allegorist
D. Hawthorne is a master of symbolism
2. In Walt Whitman's \"There was a Child Went Forth,\" the child refers to .
A. the poet himself as a child B. any American child
C. the young America D. one of the poet's neighbor
3. In Moby-Dick, the voyage symbolizes . A. the microcosm of human society B. a search for truth
C. the unknown world D. nature
4. Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual
communication with .
A. nature B. transcendentalist ideas
C. human beings D. celestial beings
5. The Transcendentalist group includes two of the most significant writers America has produced so far, Emerson and .
A. Henry David Thoreau B. Washington Irving
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Wait Whitman
6. tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways.
A. Twice-Told Tales B. The Scarlet Letter
C. The House of the Seven Gables D. The Marble Faun
7. is regarded as the first American prose epic.
A. Nature B. The Scarlet Letter
C. Walden D. Moby-Dick
8. The Romantic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's and ended with Whitman's Leaves of Grass. A. The Sketch Book B. Tales of a Traveler
C. The Alhambra D. A history of New York
9. Washington Irving's social conservation and literary for the past is revealed, to some extent, in his famous story, .
A. \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" B. \"Rip Van Winkle\"
C. \"The Custom-House' D. \"The Birthmark\"
10. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true?
A. \"Bartleby, the Scrivener\" is a short story.
B. \"Benito Cereno\" is a novella.
C. The Confidence -Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.
D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American Prose epic.
11. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT .
A. mystery of the universe B. sin of the whale
C. power of the Great Nature D. evil of the world
12. The convention of the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature in American literature is particularly evident in .
A. Cooper's Leatherstocking Tales B. Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter
C. Whitman's Leaves of Grass D. Irving's Rip Van Winkle
13. As a philosophical and literary movement, flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A. modernism B. rationalism
C. sentimentalism D. transcendentalism
14. In Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, \"A\" may stands for .
A. Adultery B. Angel C. Amiable D. All the above
15. is not the member of Transcendental Club.
A. Emerson B. Thoreau C. Whitman D. Fuller
16. Poe's first collection of short stories is .
A. Tales of a Traveller
B. Leatherstocking Tales
C. Canterbury Tales
D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
17. For Melville, as well as for the reader and , the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.
A. Starbuck B. Stubb C. Ishmael D. Arab
18. Choose the characters which appear in the novel The Scarlet Letter.
A. Hester Prynne B. Atthur Dimmesdale
C. Roger Chillingworth D. Pearl
19. was a romanticized account of Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville become known as the\" man who lived among cannibals\".
A. Moby Dick B. Typee C. Omoo D. Billy Budd
20. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as .
A. the Naturalist Period B. the Modern Period
C. the Romantic Period D. the Realistic Period
21. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except .
A. The House of the Seven Gables B. White Jacket
C. The Marble Faun D. The Blithedale Romance
22. In the following works, which signs the beginning of the American literature?
A. The Sketch Book. B. Leaves of Grass.
C. Leatherstocking Tales. D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
23. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following except . A. religion B. love and marriage
C. life and death D. war and peace
24. Emily Dickinson's poetic idiom is noted for the following except .
A. brevity B. directness
C. plainest words D. obscure
25. \"There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity.\" The thought is reflected in .
A. Nathaniel Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown
B. Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C. Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass
D. Herman Melville's Moby Dick
26. It is on his that Washington Irving's fame mainly rested.
A. tales about America B. early poetry
C. childhood recollections D. sketches about his European tours
27. is the most ambivalent writer in the American literary history.
A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Walt Whitman
C. Ralph Waldo Emerson D. Mark Twain
28. In Hawthorne's novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as .
A. saviors B. villains C. commentators D. observers
29. Washington Irving's Rip Van Winkle is famous for .
A. Rip's escape into a mysterious place
B. The srory's German legendary source material
C. Rip's seeking for happiness
D. Rip's 20-year sleep
30. The publication of established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.
A. Nature B. Self-Reliance
C. The American Scholar D. The Over-Soul
31. Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickinson's?
A. This is my letter to the world. B. I heard a Fly buzz-when I died.
C. The Road Not Taken. D. I like to see it lap the Miles.
32. In the history of literature, Romanticism is regarded as . A. the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience
B. the thought that designates man as a social animal
C. the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in common
D. the modes of thinking
33. Which three novels drew from Melville's adventures among the people of the South Pacific islands?
A. Typee. B. Omoo. C. Mardi. D. Redburn.
34. In the poem \"Song of Myself\Whitman sets forth the principle beliefs of .
A. the theory of universality
B. singularity and equality of all beings in value
C. both A and B
D. none above
35. Most of the poems in Whitman's Leaves of Grass sing of the \"en-mass\"and the as well.
A. nature B. life C. self D. self-reliance
36. Emily Dickinson's poems (441) \"This is my letter to the World\" expresses the poet's about her communication with the outside world.
A. indignation B. joy C. anxiety D. indifference
37. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?
A. Lyrical and well-structured. B. Free-flowing.
C. Simple and rather crude. D. Conversational and casual.
38. Which of the following writings is not finished by Ralph Waldo Emerson?
A. Nature. B. Essays.
C. The Over-Soul. D. Of Studies.
39. In \"I heard a Fly buzz-when I died\of death .
A. passionately B. pessimistically
C. in despair D. peacefully
40. Which book is not written by Emerson?
A. Representative Men. B. English Traits.
C. Nature. D. The Rhodora.
III.Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English
Passage 1
\"I like to see it lap the Miles...
and lick the Valleys up...
And stop to feed itself at Tanks...
And then...prodigious step\"
Questions:
A. Please give the name of the author.
B. What does \"it\" in this poem refer to?
C. What idea does this poem express?
Passage 2
\"I celebrated myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume.
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.\"
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the work.
B. Whom does \"you\" refer to?
C. What are the two principle beliefs that the poet set forth on this poem?
Passage 3
\"The harpoon was darted; the stricken whale flew forward; with igniting velocity the line ran through the grooves;...ran foul. Arab stopped to clear it; he did clear it; but the flying turn caught him round the neck, and voicelessly as Turkish mutes bowstring their victim, he was shot out of the boat, ere the crew knew the was gone.\"
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the work.
B. Who is Ahab?
C. What happens to Ahab in the end?
Passage 4
\"It was with some difficulty he found the way to his own house, which he approached with silent awe, expecting every moment to hear the shrill voice of Dame Van Winkle. He found the house gone to decay -- the roof fallen in, the windows shattered, and the doors off the hinges. A half starved dog, that looked like Wolf, was skulking about it. Rip called him by name, but the cur snarled, showed his teeth, and passed on. This was an unkind cut indeed -- 'My very dog,' sighed poor Rip, 'has forgotten me!'
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the work.
B. Whom does Dame Van Winkle refer to?
C. Why was it difficult for him to find his house?
Passage 5
\"From the listless repose of the place, and the peculiar character of its inhabitants, who are descendants from the original Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, andits rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. Drowsy, dreamy influence seems to hang over the land, and to pervade the very atmosphere. Some say that the place was bewitched by a high German doctor, during the early days of the settlement; others, that an old Indian chief, the product or wizard of his tribe, held his powwows there before the country was discovered by Master Hendrick Hudson.\"
Questions:
A. Who is the writer of this short story from which the passage is taken?
B. What is the title of this short story?
C. Give a definition of\" short story\".
Passage 6
\"To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these preachers of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile.\"
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the work.
B. Give a brief comment on this passage.
Passage 7
Hester Prynne's term of confinement was now at an end. Her prison-door was thrown open, and she came forth into the sunshine which, falling on all alike, seemed, to her sick and morbid heart, as if meant for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast. Perhaps there was a more real torture in her
first unattended footsteps from the threshold of the prison, than even in the procession and spectacle that have been described, where she was made the common infamy, at which all mankind was summoned to point its finger. Then, she was supposed by an unnatural tension of the nerves, and by all the combative energy of her character, which enabled her to convert the scene into a kind of lurid triumph.
Questions:
A. Which novel is this selection taken from?
B. What is the name of the novelist?
C. What do you think is the symbolic meanings of the scarlet letter on
Hester's breast?
Passage 8
\"Arms and the clarion for the battle, but the song of thanksgiving to the victory!\" answered the liberated David. \"Friend,\" he added, thrusting forth his lean, delicate hand forwards Hawkeye, in kindness, while his eyes twinkled and grew moist, \"I thank thee the hairs of my head still grow where they were first rooted by Providence for, though those of other men may be more glossy and curling, I have ever found mine own well suited to the brain they shelter. That I did not join myself
to the battle, was less owing to disinclination, than to the bonds of the heathen. Valiant and skillful hast thou proved thyself in the conflict, and I hereby thank thee, before proceeding to discharge other and more important duties, because thou hast proved thyself well worthy of a Christian's praise.\"...
Questions:
A. This novel was written by the American novelist. What is his name?
B. What is the name of the novel?
C. The central figure in this novel appeared in this passage. It is . Passage 9
I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not Ii'red. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a comer, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a tree account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it
appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.
A. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled
B. The author of the work is
C. List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going go live in the woods.
Passage 10
Lo! In you brilliant window-niche
How statue-like I see thee stand,
The agate lamp within thy hand!
Ah, Psyche, from the regions which
Are Holy-Land!
Questions:
A. This is the last stanza of a poem \"To Hellen\". Its writer is .
B. With whom is Hellen associated in line 4?
C. Who is Psyche?
IV.Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English
1. Emily Dickinson is now recognized not only as a great poetess on her own
right but as a poetess of considerable influence upon American poetry of the present century. What are the qualities of her poems?
2. Emerson is generally known as an essayist. What is the style of his proses?
3. In American literature history, the Romantic Period, during which many amous writers and their masterpieces came into being, played an impor-tant role. Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman,etc., all of whom are not ignored by us. According to their writings, dis-cuss the features of American literature in this period.
4. Nathaniei Hawthorne is one of the most interesting, yet most ambivalent riters in the American literary history. According to him, \"There is evil in very human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole ife; but circumstances may rouse it to activity.\" Based on this thought, he ompleted Young Goodman Brown. Try to discuss the theme of this work.
5. Moby Dick by Herman Melville is one of the few books in American
litera-ure that has produced an exciting effect upon readers. Try to discuss the ymbolism in the book.第一章 模拟练习与答案
I．Blank Filling
1. Hard work , thrift, piety and sobriety, thses were the values that dominated much of the early American writing.
2. The American poets who emerged in the seventeenth century adapted the style of established European poets to the subject matter confronted in a strange, new environment. Bradstreet was one such poet.
3. wrote his most impressive work The Magnalia Christi America.
4. The writer who best expressed the Puritan faith in the colonial period was .
5. The Puritan philosophy known as was important in New England during the colonial time, and had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.
6. Before his death, Jonathan . had gained a position as America's first systematic philosopher.
7. Jonathan Edwards' masterpiece is .
8. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by . II. Multiple Choice
1. The Puritan dominating values were .
A. hard work B. thrift C. piety D. sobriety
2. Which statement about Cotton Mather is not true?
A. He was a great Puritan historian.
B. He was an inexhaustible'writer.
C. He was a skillful preacher and an eminent theologian.
D. He was a graduate of Oxford College.
3. Jonathan Edwards' best and most representative sermon was . A. A True Sight of Sin
B. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
C. A Model of Christian Charity
D. God's Determinations
4. The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the .
A. Revolutionism B. Reason
C. Individualism D. Rationalism
5. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the“ ” who appeared in America.
A. Ninth Muse B. Tenth Muse
C. Best Muse D. First Muse
III. Identification of Fragments
I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,
The black-clad cricket bear a second part;
They kept one tune and played on the same string
Seeming to glory in their little art.
Small creatures abject thus their voices raise,
And in their kind resound their Maker's praise,
Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higher lays?
Questions:
1. This is the ninth of the Contemplations written by an early American
woman writer. What is her name?
2. Make a brief comment on this short poem.
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