一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析）
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you\" What is the most important in your life? \
The________（one） computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked________（slow）. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But________work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, \"People can't live________computers today.\" The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can________（find） almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do________（shop）, play games or make friends.
Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real________（name）, ages, and even sex（性别）. They are so________（interest） in making the \"unreal friends\" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects________of that.
We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at________same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet. 【答案】 first；slowly；they；without；be found；shopping；names；interested；because；the
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了电脑的发明时间，以及电脑的 用途。还有电脑对我们生活的影响。
（1）句意：第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。根据定冠词the，可知应使用序数词first，故答案是first。
（2）句意：它很大，但是工作得很慢。slow修饰动词worked，应使用副词slowly，故答案是slowly。
（3）句意：但是他们工作的越来越快了。空缺处指代前文的computers，因此使用they，故答案是they。
（4）句意：现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。所以没有电脑就不能生活，没有without，故答案是without。
（5）句意：但是现在到处都可以发它。主语it 和 find是被动关系，应使用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态是：情态动词+be+过去分词，故答案是be found。
（6）句意：我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物，购物do shopping，固定搭配，故答案是shopping。
（7）句意：他们不知道他们真正的名字。name名字，可数名词，根据their可知应使用复数形式，故答案是names。
（8）句意：他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣，以致于不能把心思用在学习上。be interested in，对……感兴趣，故答案是interested。
（9）句意：因为这个原因，他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。because of
应因为，固定搭配，故答案是because。
（10）句意：但是同时，我们应该记住电脑和网络并不能够做所有的事。at the same time，同时，固定短语，故答案是the。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
2．语法填空
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower. It is famous for ________tilt （倾斜） 1o one side. Located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, the tower ________ （become） a symbol of Italy. It is one of ________ oldest buildings in Pisa's Cathedral Square.
The tower was not designed to lean, ________ because people built it on soft soils it gradually tilted to one side. Even though some people don't think the tower is a ________ （success） building because of its tit, the tower has won a special place in history. The tower has also been used for experiments by the famous Italian scientist ________ （call） Galileo Galilei.
Every year, ________ （million） of tourists flock to the tower to take the classic photo pretending（假装） to hold up or knock down the tower. Tourists can also climb the 294 steps to the top inside the tower. There are seven ________ （bell） on top of it. It is said that you must visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa during the day. At night the shops are closed and it looks just so-so. However, if you visit it on a full moon night, the tower ________ （look） fantastic.
When you plan ________ （visit）Leaning Tower of Pisa, you should not miss some other sights near it, including Santa Maria della Spina and the Guelph Tower.
【答案】 its；has become；the；but；successful；called；millions；bells；looks；to visit 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了意大利著名的比萨斜塔，它位于比萨大教堂后面。一开始设计的时候并不是斜的，因为地基的原因，慢慢向一侧倾斜。虽然人们认为这不是一个成功的建筑，但是在历史上赢得了特殊的历史地位。意大利著名科学家伽利略层在塔山做过著名的落地实验。每年有成百万的游客来这里旅游，拍照。
（1）句意：它因向一侧倾斜而著名。根据句意可知，这里的倾斜指塔本身的倾斜，使用与主语一致的物主代词its，故答案是its。
（2）句意：位于比萨大教堂的后面的斜塔成为了意大利的象征。我们知道它已经成为了意大利的象征了，因此使用现在完成时，现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词。主语the tower为第三人称单数，助动词使用has，故答案是has become。
（3）句意：它是比萨大教堂广场最古老的建筑之一。oldest为形容词最高级，形容词最高级前使用定冠词the，故答案是the。
（4）句意：塔不是设计的时候就是斜的，但是因为人们把它建筑在软的土地上，慢慢地
就向一边倾斜。一开始设计的不是斜的，现在成为斜的了，与设计本身不符，因此使用转折词but连接，故答案是but。
（5）句意：即使人们因为倾斜不认为这是成功的建筑，但是它却在历史上赢得了特殊的地位。success作定语修饰building，因此使用形容词successful，故答案是successful。 （6）句意：这座塔也曾被意大利科学家伽利略用来做实验。call以及后面的Galileo Galilei作后置定语修饰scientist，意思为被叫做，因此使用过去分词called，故答案是called。 （7）句意：每年，成百万的人游客聚集在塔前拍着经典照片，假装支撑着它，或者把它推倒。millions of固定短语，成百万的，故答案是millions。
（8）句意：塔顶有七个钟。bell钟，可数名词，根据seven可知应使用复数形式，故答案是bells。
（9）句意：然而，如果你在满月的时候去看斜塔，它看起来很迷人。本句为一般性的叙述，应使用一般现在时，主语the tower是第三人称单数，谓语使用三单形式looks，故答案是looks。
（10）句意：当你计划参观比萨斜塔时，被忘了欣赏附近其他的风光。plan to do sth.计划做某事，固定搭配，故答案是to visit。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
3．阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a \"night out with the boys\". He had no________ （hobby） but just took care of his family.
For 22 years, since I left home for college, my father called me every Sunday at 9:00 am. He was always ________ （interest）in my life—how my family as doing. The calls even came when he and my mother were in Australia, ________ （English） or Florida.
Nine years ago when I bought my ________ （one） house, my father, 67 years old, painted my house himself. He worked eight hours a day. He would not allow me ________ （pay） someone to have it done. All he asked was a glass of iced tea, and that I hold a paintbrush for him and talk to him. But I was too busy, for I had a law practice to run, and I could not take the time to hold the paintbrush, or talk to my father.
Five years ago, my 71—year—old father ________ （spend）five hours putting together a swing set（秋千）for my daughter. Again, all he asked was that I get him a glass of iced tea, and talk to him. But again, I had laundry to do, and the house to clean.
The morning on Sunday, January 16, 1996, my father telephoned me as ________ （usually）, this time he had seemed to have forgotten some things we had discussed the week before. I had to get to church, and I cut the conversation short.
The call came at 4:40 am. That day my father ________ （send）to hospital in Florida, I got on a plane immediately, and I vowed（发誓）that when I arrived, I would make up for the lost time, and have a nice long talk with him and ________ （real）get to know him.
I arrived in Florida at 1:00 am, but my father had passed away at 9:12 pm. This time it was he
who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me.
In the years since his ________ （die） I have learnt much about my father, and even more about myself. As a father, he never asked me for anything but my time. Now he has all my attention, every single day.
【答案】 hobbies；interested；England；first；to pay；spent；usual；was sent；really；death
【解析】【分析】 这篇短文中作者给我们讲述了她的父亲，她父亲是一个很顾家的人，眼里只有他的家人。作者在短文中讲述了生活中的几件事情，从这些事情中我们可以看到，作者因为太忙，跟父亲没有太多的交流，当作者想要弥补时，父亲却离开了她。 （1）句意： 他没有爱好，但只是照顾家人。hobby是可数名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填 hobbies。
（2）句意： 他总是对我的生活感兴趣。be interested in，固定搭配，对......感兴趣，故填 interested。
（3）句意： 这些电话甚至是在他和我妈妈在澳大利亚、英国或佛罗里达的时候打来的。 根据 in Australia 可知此处是表示国家的名词，England，英国，故填 England。
（4）句意： 九年前，当我买下我的第一栋房子时，我67岁的父亲亲自粉刷了我的房子。one，基数词，一，表示第一个，用序数词，first，故填 first。
（5）句意： 他不允许我付钱给某人去做这件事。allow sb to do，固定搭配，允许某人做，故填 to pay。
（6）句意： 五年前，我71岁的父亲花了五个小时组装秋千给我女儿。根据 Five years ago 可知是一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent，故填 spent。
（7）句意： 1996年1月16日星期日的早上，我父亲像往常一样7点给我打电话，这次他似乎忘记了我们一周前讨论过的一些事情。as usual，固定搭配，像往常一样，故填 usual 。
（8）句意： 那天，我父亲8被送到佛罗里达州的医院。根据 That day可知时态是一般过去时，send与主语father是被动关系，故是被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词是was，send的过去分词是sent ， 故填 was sent。
（9）句意： 我发誓当我到达时，我会弥补失去的时间，和他好好长谈，然后真正地了解他。副词修饰动词短语get to know，real的副词是really，故填 really。
（10）句意： 在他去世后的几年里，我了解了很多关于我父亲的事情，甚至更多关于我自己的事情。 his是形容词性物主代词，其后是名词，death，是名词，故填 death。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，搭配等多种用法。
4．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Greetings from Madrid! I can't believe I'm finally here! The trip from Hong Kong ________ （be） long and tiring, but I made it. My hotel is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a cheap and simple room, much ________ （small） than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, ________ it is quite comfortable to stay in. The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, ________ clear blue skies every day. It's great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and do. I've found a friendly guide here and yesterday I ________ （show） around the city. Tomorrow he will take ________ （I） to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I can't wait ________ （see） the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also, I ________ （real） want to try the food there-especially gazpacho, ________ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain. I'll bring you back some ________ （present）.See you next month! Love, Jamie 【答案】 was；smaller；but；with；was shown /was showed；me；to see；really；a；presents
【解析】【分析】文章大意：杰米从香港去西班牙的马德里旅行，这是他写给朋友的信，介绍了他在西班牙的的首都——马德里的行程。
（1）句意：从香港来这里的旅游很长且疲惫。根据 but I made it ，可知句子时态为一般过去时，主语trip为单数，be的形式应使用was，故答案是was。
（2）句意：我们找到了一个便宜的简单地房间，比我们家里的房间小多了。根据than可知应使用形容词的比较级，small的比较级为smaller，故答案是smaller。
（3）句意：它只有一张小床和淋浴，但是住进去相当舒服。根据前后连句话的意思看，不是一致的，应使用转折连词过度一下，能够表示转折的词but，故答案是but。
（4）句意：每天天气晴好暖和，还有晴朗的蓝天。clear blue skies作为伴随性的状语出现，应使用介词with连接，有……，表伴随，故答案是with。
（5）句意：在这里我找到了一个友好的导游，昨天领着我参观了城市。结合语境考虑可知是导游领着我参观，我是被带领的，因此使用被动语态，被动语态的结构是be done，根据yesterday可知为过去时，be的形式为was，show的过去分词为showed或者shown，故答案是 was shown /was showed 。
（6）句意：明天他将带我去安达卢西亚去参观格拉纳达市。I 在句中作take的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，将I 改为me，故答案是me。
（7）句意：我迫不及待要看阿尔罕布拉宫和其他的名胜古迹。 can't wait to do sth.固定搭配，迫不及待做某事，应使用动词不定式，故答案是to see。
（8）句意：我也真的想品尝一下那里的美食——西班牙凉菜。real修饰动词want，因此使用副词形式，real的副词为really，故答案是really。
（9）句意：一种凉汤，我听着就很特殊，kind可数名词，因为使用了单数形式，且起始音为辅音，应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。
（10）句意：我将给你带回一些礼物。present可数名词，根据some可知应使用复数形式，故答案是presents。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway's father________（teach） him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life. Instead of ________（go） to college, Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas City Star.
Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver ________ the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years ________, he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other ________（America） writers, including Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.
Hemingway developed ________ style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly（俭省地）, avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand ________（mean） of his writing. As he put it, \"I always try ________（write） on the principle（原则） of the iceberg（冰山）. There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. \"This style continues to influence Writers today. In his career（生涯）, which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the________（twenty） century.
For a while Emest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes（脚趾）, which a ship's captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still live there. Some of them are ________（child） of Hemingway's six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961.
【答案】 taught；going；for；later；American；a；meaning；to write；twentieth；children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了海明威及其写作风格。
（1）句意： 海明威的父亲很早就教他如何打猎和钓鱼。描述过去用一般过去时，teach的过去式是taught，故填 taught。
（2）句意： 海明威没有去上大学，而是成了《堪萨斯城明星报》的记者。of是介词其后是动名词，故填going。
（3）句意： 后来，在欧洲，他在意大利军队当司机，直到他受伤并被运回家，在那里他再次为报纸写作。work for，固定搭配，为……工作，故填for。
（4）句意： 四年后，他搬到巴黎，希望在那里提高写作水平。时间段+later，……之后，故填later。
（5）句意：在那里，他和其他美国作家成了朋友。writers是名词其前是形容词做定语，America是名词，American是形容词，故填 American。
（6）句意： 海明威形成了一种简单直接的写作风格。style是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
（7）句意：他谨慎地选择词语，避免使用形容词，并相信读者能理解他作品的意思。understand后是动名词做宾语，故填 meaning。
（8）句意：我总是试图用冰山的原理写作。try to do，固定搭配，尝试做某事，故填 to
write 。
（9）句意： 他是20世纪最优秀的作家之一。根据定冠词the可知，此处是序数词，twenty是基数词，twentieth是序数词 ， 故填 twentieth。
（10）句意： 其中一些是海明威六趾猫的孩子。 根据are，可知表语是名词复数，child的复数是children ， 故填 children。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，介词搭配等多种用法。
6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Friends are important to everyone, ________, some people may have trouble ________ （keep） their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship ________ （deep） and stronger.
★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity （身份） is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much ________ same. Find out ________ those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself ________ （honest） to the people around you.
★Avoid gossip （八卦）. Friends shouldn't spread rumors （谣言） about other friends. If you've heard something bad about your friends, ________ （find） a proper way of asking them about it by ________ （you）. If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice.
★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you're not close to doubts one of your ________ （friend）. It's important to find out both sides of the story, but it's also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him.
★Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you're in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem ________ you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.
【答案】 however；keeping；deeper；the；what；honest；find；yourself；friends；with 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要提出了使友谊变得深厚、坚固的四个建议。
（1）句意：然而，有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据上文 Friends are important to everyone 朋友对每个人都很重要，可知此处为转折，然而有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦，应用转折连词however。故答案为however。
（2）句意：有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据固定搭配have trouble doing sth.做某事有麻烦，可知此处应用动词keep的ing形式keeping。故答案为keeping。
（3）句意：这里有一些在如何使你的友谊更深厚、更坚固的提示。根据并列形容词比较级stronger更坚固，可知此处应用形容词deep的比较级deeper。故答案为deeper。 （4）句意：尽管你的身份总是在改变，你的一些性格基本上会保持一样。根据形容词same，一样的，可知此处应填定冠词the。故答案为the。
（5）句意：找到那些东西是什么。根据宾语those things，那些动词，可知应用疑问词what。故答案为what。
（6）句意：然后向你周围的人诚实地展示你自己。根据副词修饰动词，可知此处应用形
容词honest的副词形式honestly修饰动词show。故答案为honestly。
（7）句意：找到一个合适的方式问他们。根据下文 If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. 如果你不确定如何和他们讨论，问一个你信任的朋友要建议，可知此处应用动词原形引导祈使句表劝告。故答案为find。
（8）句意：找到一个合适的方式自己问他们。根据固定搭配，by oneself，自己，可知应用代词you的反身代词yourself，故答案为yourself。
（9）句意：某个你不亲近的朋友怀疑你的一个朋友。根据固定搭配，one of+可数名词复数 ，可知此处应填名词friend的复数形式friends，故答案为friends。
（10）句意：当你的朋友和你分享一个问题。根据固定搭配，share sth. with sb.，和某人分享某物，可知此处应填介词with，故答案为with。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
7．语法填空
Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was________old man called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthira's friends________（wonder） whether his son would return,________Sthira always said,\" Whatever happens, happens for good.\"
One day the old man's son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said________（polite）,\"Whatever happens, happens for good.\" However, later, Sthira's son broke his________（leg）. Once again the villagers came to visit him and once again the old man thanked________（they） and said, \"Whatever happens, happens for good.\" Some of the villagers were surprised________（hear） this. Why? What was good? His son's leg got badly hurt!
After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to________the army. When they found his son had a________（break） leg, they left him behind. Once again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his________（good） luck. Like always, the old man was still thankful to them and said,\" Whatever happens, happens for good.\" 【答案】 an；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；to hear；join；broken；good 【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，在一个小村里，有一个泰斯拉的老人，不管发生了什么他都认为是好事。
（1）句意：在一个村庄里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。man是单数，前面需要不定冠词，old是以元音音素开始的，因此使用an，故答案是an。
（2）句意：泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的long long ago可知句子为一般过去时，故答案是wondered。
（3）句意：但是泰斯拉总是说“不管发生了什么，都是 好事，”朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来，泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事，所以使用but表示转折，故答案是but。 （4）句意：他感谢了村民们，然然后礼貌地说：“不管发生了什么，发生的都是好事。”polite修饰动词said，因此使用副词politely，故答案是politely。
（5）句意：然而，之后，太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿，应该是一条
腿，因此使用单数形式，故答案是leg。
（6）句意：村民在一次来看忘了他，他再一次感谢了他们。they做thank的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，故答案是them。
（7）句意：一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因，应使用动词不定式做状语，故答案是to hear。
（8）句意：几天之后，军队来到村里，强迫年轻人参军。根据the army可知是强迫参军，force sb. to do sth.固定搭配，to已经给出，因此使用动词原形，故答案是join。 （9）句意：当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候，他们就把他留下了。break修饰leg，因此使用过去分词，故答案是broken。
（10）句意：村民再次来祝她好运。good修饰luck，没有任何比较，所以使用原级，故答案是good。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
8．阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ （important） of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day.
Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ （consider） the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ （report） that about four ________ （five） of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ （worry） about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ （sleep） quickly. A lack （缺乏） of sleep can greatly affect （影响） a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.
________ （solve） this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ （little） schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ （take） a 20-minute nap （午睡） during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ （help）. For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day. 【答案】 importance；is considered；reported；fifths；worrying/worried；asleep；To solve；less；taking；helpful
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文，讲述了睡眠与健康的关系，不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间，中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。 （1）句意：每年，世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠词the，可知此处应填入一个名词，important是形容词“重要的”，与其对应的名词是importance“重要”，故答案填importance。
（2）句意：据说每晚8小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态，文章时态为一般现在时，时间作主语谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用is，consider的过去分词是considered，故答案填is considered。
（3）句意：然而，去年中国青少年研究中心报道。由last year可知，动词时态用一般过去时，report的过去式为reported，故答案填reported。
（4）句意：大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。这里考查分数的表达方法，在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子，用序数词表示分数的分母；当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式，所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths，故答案填fifths。
（5）句意：对于一些学生来说，他们想早点睡觉，但是他们总是担心他们的学业。keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词，都表示“使…处于某种状态”，worried，是形容词，故答案填worrying/worried。
（6）句意：他们不能很快入睡。联系上文语境，结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep，固定词组，前面有情态动词can't，所以这里用动词原形，故答案填asleep。
（7）句意：为了解决这类问题。这里应用动词不定式表示目的，故答案填To solve。 （8）句意：科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”，句中暗含比较级，little的比较级为less，故答案填less。 （9）句意：比如白天小睡20分钟。such as意思是“比如”，as是介词后接动词ing形式，故答案填taking。
（10）句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。前面有系动词are，后接形容词作表语，help“帮助”，动词，与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”，故答案填helpful。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
9．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing ________ （weak） day by day. Since he was unable to look after ________ （him）, he decided to hire （雇佣） a nurse to take care ________ him.
One day, the old man interviewed two ________ （nurse）—Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, \"Anthony has ________ （give） me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct?\"
Peter thought for a minute and said, \"________ Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.\"
The old man was very impressed by Peter's words. At the same time, Anthony came back with ________ cup of tea for the old man.
The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. \"Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. ________ do you think about this?\" After
hearing this, Anthony shouted ________ （angry）.
In the end, Peter ________ （choose）. Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive inner beauty.
【答案】 weaker；himself；of；nurses；given；If；a；What；angrily；was chosen 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时，故意挑起对方的矛盾，通过两人截然不同的反应，从而判断谁适合。
（1）句意： 他一天比一天虚弱。weak是形容词，形容词修饰系动词grow，根据day by day可知是比较级weaker，故填 weaker。
（2）句意： 因为他不能照顾自己 ，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。look after oneself，照顾自己，主语是he，故反身代词是himself，故填 himself。
（3）句意：因为他不能照顾自己 ，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。take care of，固定搭配，照顾，故填of 。
（4）句意：一天，老人面试两个护士—— Anthony and Peter 。two后是可数名词复习，nurse，是可数名词，故填nurses。
（5）句意： 安东尼对你的评价很差。根据助动词has可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，give的过去分词是given，故填given 。
（6）句意：如果安东尼对我有看法，我一定有什么问题。此处是条件状语从句，故是引导词if，如果，故填If。
（7）句意：同时，安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。cup是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，a cup of，固定搭配，一杯……，故填a。
（8）句意：你对此怎么想？此处是特殊疑问句，think后缺少宾语，故用what提问，故填What。
（9）句意：听到这，安东尼生气地大喊。副词修饰动词shouted，angrily，是副词，生气地，故填angrily。
（10）句意：最后，Peter被录用。根据 Peter looked quite common ， 可知时态是一般过去时，choose与主语Peter是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词是was，choose的过去分词是chosen，故填 was chosen 。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意调整词性，时态，主谓一致和名词的数等。
10．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was early and there weren't many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me ________ （quick）. She was riding on ice ________ suddenly she fell off her bike a few ________ （step） in front of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said \"Thank you!\" to me ________ a smile and then rode away. The words \"Thank you\" warmed me and this made me feel ________ （little） nervous about my new school.
When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and ________ （ask） to sit beside a girl. I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me ________ I didn't dare to look at ________ （they）. Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different
textbook from my old school and I didn't have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. \"Let's ________ （share）,\" the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I ________ （help） that morning. What a surprise!
【答案】 quickly；when；steps；with；less；asked；but；them；share；helped 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩，后来女孩也机缘巧合的帮助了他。 （1）句意： 一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词passed，quickly是副词，迅速地，故填quickly。
（2）句意： 她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据 She was riding和 suddenly she fell off，可知用when引导时间状语从句，表示就在那时，故填when。
（3）句意：她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。a few修饰名词复数，step是名词，步子，故填steps。
（4）句意： 她对我微笑着说“谢谢你！”，然后骑车离去。with a smile，固定搭配，含笑，故填with。
（5）句意： “谢谢你”这句话温暖了我，这让我对我的新学校感到不那么紧张。此处是比较级表示看到微笑前后的不同心情，little的比较级是less，更少，故填less。
（6）句意： 当我最终到达学校时，我被带进教室，并要求坐在一个女孩旁边。 根据 was led into the classroom and可知and前后一致，都是一般过去时的被动语态，故此处省略助动词was，只填过去分词，故填asked。
（7）句意： 我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据students were looking at me 和 I didn't dare to look at，可知此处表示转折关系，故填but。
（8）句意：我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据，故填them。
（9）句意： 我旁边的女孩说:“我们一起用吧。” let后是动词原形，share，是动词，分享，故填share。
（10）句意： 是我那天早上帮助的那个女孩。 根据It was the girl，可知时态是一般过去时，故填helped。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
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