山东专升本(英语)历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)

山东专升本（英语）历年真题试卷汇编3 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Vocabulary and Structure 2. Reading Comprehension 5. Translation 6. Writing

Vocabulary and Structure

1． We must______that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible. A．assure B．secure C．ensure D．issue

正确答案：C

解析：assure：v．使(某人)确信(某事)，使信服，使相信，后面常接人作宾语；ensure：v．保证，确保，使安全，后面可以接从句作宾语；secure：adj.安全的，无虑的；issue：v．发行，发布，发给。根据句意可知，选C。

2． ______the English examination I would have gone to the concert last night. A．In spite of B．But for C．Because of D．As for

正确答案：B

解析：根据主句谓语形式would have gone可知，本句是对过去的虚拟。but for：要不是，可用于虚拟语气，符合题意。in spite of：尽管；as for：至于；because of：因为，均无此用法。

3． I need to move to a larger apartment. Do you know of any ______ one in this neighborhood?

A．vacant B．bare C．blank D．empty

正确答案：A

解析：四个词均有“空的”意思。vacant通常指某物处于没有被利用的状态，指土地、房屋、座位、职位等未被占用的；bare表示没有覆盖物，如：a bare head(光头)；blank指缺少某些内容，尤其指有待填写的内容，如：blank cheque(空白支票)；empty表示完全不存在内容物，如：three empty houses(三座空房子)。根据句意可知，此处指“闲置的，无人住的”意思，所以vacant更合适。

4． You______John in the street this morning. He’ s been dead for ages. A．mustn’t see

B．mustn’ t have seen C．couldn’t see

D．couldn’ t have seen

正确答案：D

解析：根据后面一句的信息提示“他已经去世好多年了”可知，前一句为否定性的推测。couldn’t have done就是对过去发生的事的否定推测，意为“不可能……”，所以选D。

5． You can do it if you want to, but in my opinion it’ s not worth the______it involves.

A．effort B．attempt C．force D．strength

正确答案：A

解析：effort：努力，付出；attempt：企图，试图，攻击；force：力量，武力，军队；strength：力量，力气。根据句意可知，effort较合适。

6． If they hadn’ t spent all the money on the stocks, their life______ so miserable at the moment.

A．would not have been B．will not have been C．are not

D．would not be

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查错综时间条件句中虚拟语气的用法。从句谓语hadn’t spent表明是与过去事实相反，主句的时间状语at the moment表明是与现在事实相反，所以主句谓语应用“would／could+动词原形”的形式，否定式为“would／could+not+动词原形”，所以本题选D。

7． People in that district______use oil lamps, for there is no gas or electricity. A．can B．may C．must D．have to

正确答案：D

解析：can表示“可以，能够”；may表示“可以，可能”；must和have to均可表示“必须”，must多表示，有必要或有义务去做某事，多指主观需要或责

任感的驱使，译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，译为“不得不干某事”。本句中“there is no gas or electricity”表示一种客观存在的事实，所以本题选D。

8． My brother likes eating very much but he isn’ t very______about the food he eats.

A．special B．peculiar C．particular D．unusual

正确答案：C

解析：be particular about意为“讲究，对……挑剔”，为固定搭配。

9． His anger was______that he stood there speechless. A．so B．very C．as D．such

正确答案：D

解析：such是形容词，可以作定语，修饰名词或名词词组，也可以作表语；so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词；very是副词，可以修饰形容词和副词；as是连词。本题中空格处位于系动词之后，且用来形容his anger，所以只能选such，表示“如此的，这样的”。

10． That______me of the days I spent in the countryside. A．reminded B．remembered C．memorized D．recalled

正确答案：A

解析：remind sb．of sth．意为“使某人想起某事”，为固定搭配。

11． Students with financial problems are troubled by high tuition______. A．money B．costs C．fees D．prices

正确答案：C 解析：tuition fees意为“学费”，为固定用法。money：钱；cost：花费；price：价格，这三项均不与tuition搭配使用。

12． The dish______terrible! I don’t like it at all. A．tastes B．tasted C．will taste D．is tasted

正确答案：A

解析：感官系动词，如feel，smell，sound，taste等，可以用主动形式表示被动含义。例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft．(这种布摸起来很柔软。)This flower smells veryr sweet．(这朵花闻起来很香。)故选A。

13． ______of the three sisters you choose to marry, you will have a good wife. A．Whichever B．Which C．Whatever D．Any

正确答案：A 解析：分析句子结构并结合句意可知，本句为让步状语从句。题干中的of the three sisters限制了选择的范围，所以可应用whichever来引导，意为“无论哪个”。whateVer意为“无论什么”，不符合题意。故选A。

14． At this time next week, we ______ the matter with our friends. A．are going to discuss B．will be discussing C．are discussing D．are to discuss

正确答案：B

解析：由句中的时间状语at this time next week可知，句子应用将来进行时，表示将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，或按照计划在将来某一时刻或某段时间将要进行的动作。故选B。

15． Don’ t touch that wire, it’ s______. A．living B．alive C．live D．lively

正确答案：C

解析：living：活着的，活的；alive：活着的，活泼的；live：活的，通电的；lively：精力充沛的，生气勃勃的。根据句意可知，选C。

16． He was______by the police with having murdered his wife. A．arrested B．accused C．sentenced D．charged

正确答案：D

解析：be charged with为固定搭配，意为“因……被指控”，符合题意。其他选项均不能与with搭配。arrest：逮捕，拘留；accuse：控告，控诉，常用于accuse sb．of sth．结构中，意为“控告某人犯……罪”；sentence：判刑。故选D。

17． She said that she would be here at seven o’ clock. But she didn’ t______until eight.

A．turn on B．turn up C．turn out D．turn down

正确答案：B

解析：turn on：打开，发动；turn up：出现，露面；turn out：结果是，证明是；turn down：拒绝，关小，调低。根据句意可知，选B。

18． Let’s go on a picnic this weekend, ______? A．will we B．shall we C．would we D．should we

正确答案：B

解析：由Let’s开头的第一人称祈使句Let’s do sth．，其后的疑问句部分通常用肯定式shall we。故选B。

19． I______until he told me to. A．left

B．didn’t leave C．hadn’t left D．would leave

正确答案：B

解析：根据句意和题干中的until一词可知，此处考查的是not…until结构，意为“直到……才”。因为until后面的句子用的是一般过去时，所以前面也应用一般过去时。故选B。

20． He likes novels, ______I like poetry.

A．while B．because C．although D．so

正确答案：A

解析：while：然而，虽然，有对比的意思；because：因为；although：尽管，虽然；so：所以，因此。根据句意可知，此处含有对比、转折之意，所以应选A。

21． Only years later______the truth about the matter. A．I learned B．did I learn C．I did learn D．had I learned

正确答案：B 解析：“only+状语”位于句首时，句子应部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或系动词提至主语前面。另外，本句是在陈述过去某个特定时间发生的情况，所以应用一般过去时。故选B。

22． At the time of economic crisis, he could only earn a______of $ 2,000 per month.

A．wage B．pay C．salary D．fee

正确答案：C

解析：wage：工钱，报酬，常用复数形式，常按周或按天发放，多指体力劳动的报酬；pay：工资，薪水，是普通用语；salary：薪水，薪金，尤指按月发放的；fee：咨询费，报酬，还可用来指为加入组织或做某事付的费。根据句意可知，选C。

23． John’ s never been to New York. ______. A．And hasn’ t Tom B．Nor he didn’ t C．Neither has Tom D．Tom hasn’ t neither

正确答案：C

解析：如果前面分句所述情况也适用于后一个分句，后面的分句常用so(肯定句)，neither／nor(否定句)引导倒装句。故选C。

24． Please______your overcoat from the seat so that I can sit down.

A．move B．shift C．transfer D．remove

正确答案：D

解析：move：移动，是普通用词，指从一处到另一处的任何距离的转移；shift：转移，移动，改变位置，侧重指使某物在方向或位置上发生变动；transfer：转让，转移，一般表示转送或移交迁移；remove：拿走，搬开，常用于remove sth．from some place结构中，意为“把某物从某地移开、拿走”。根据句意可知，选D。

25． I think you’ d better hold you position and don’t______to their demands. A．gave off B．gave up C．gave away D．gave in

正确答案：D

解析：give off：发出，放出；give up：放弃；give away：分发，泄露，赠送；give in：屈服，让步，投降。根据句意可知，选D。

26． This box is______that one. A．twice as heavy as B．as twice heavy as C．twice heavy than D．as heavy as twice

正确答案：A

解析：常用的倍数表达法为：A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B，表示“A是B的多少倍”；A十倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B，表示“A比B大(长、宽、高等)多少倍”。故选A。

27． I think it was high time they______to take you more seriously. A．began B．shall begin C．begin D．begun

正确答案：A 解析：“It is／was high time…”结构中，应用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应用过去式，有时也可以用“should+动词原形”的形式，should不可以省略。故选A。

28． He is totally______to other people’ s attitudes.

A．unconcerned B．careless C．indifferent D．bold

正确答案：C

解析：unconcerned：不关心的，无关的，多与介词with搭配使用；careless：粗心的，疏忽的；indifferent：漠不关心的，不感兴趣的，常用于be indifferent to结构中，意为“不在乎，对……漠不关心”；bold：大胆的，英勇的。根据句意和搭配可知，选C。

29． He was caught ______ in the examination. A．deceiving B．cheating C．tricking D．joking

正确答案：B

解析：catch sb．doing sth．意为“某人正在做某事时被抓到了”。deceive：欺骗，骗人；cheat：作弊，欺骗；trick：欺骗，哄骗；joke：开玩笑。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“考试作弊”，所以应选B。

30． Mark plays______violin, while his brother prefers to play______baseball. A．the: the B．the: / C．/: the D．/: /

正确答案：B 解析：乐器前面应用定冠词the，play the violin意为“拉小提琴”；表示球类、棋类等体育运动和娱乐活动的名词之前，应用零冠词，play baseball意为“打棒球”。故选B。

Reading Comprehension

The factors that add up to a happy life for most people are not what we typically hear about.(71)Things like earning a master’ s degree don’ t make people happy over an extended period of time. Rather, the key to happiness, and the difference between happy and unhappy Americans, is a life that reflects values and practices like: hard work, marriage, charity, and freedom. Work When more than 1000 people across the country were asked in 2002. If you were to get enough money to live comfortably for the rest of your life, would you stop working? fewer than a third of the Americans answered yes. Contrary to widely held opinion,

most Americans like or even love their work. In 2002 an amazing 89 percent of workers said they were very satisfied or somewhat satisfied with their jobs. This isn’t true just for those with high-paying, highly skilled jobs but for all workers across the country. And the percentage is almost exactly the same among those with and without college degrees and among those working for private companies, nonprofit organizations and the government. For most Americans, job satisfaction is nearly equivalent to life satisfaction. Among those people who say they are very happy in their lives, 95 percent are also satisfied with their jobs. Furthermore, job satisfaction would seem to be causing overall happiness, not the other way around. Marriage & Family In 2004, 42 percent of married Americans said they were very happy. Just 23 percent of never-married people said this. Overall, married people were six times more likely to say that they were very happy than to report that they were not too happy. And generally speaking, married women say they’ re happy more often than married men. Marriage isn’ t just associated with happiness it brings happiness, at least for a lot of us. One 2003 study that followed 24,000 people for more than a decade documented a significant increase in happiness after people married. For some, the happiness increase wore off in a few years, and they ended up back at their premarriage happiness levels. But for others, it lasted as long as a lifetime. What about having kids? While children, on their own, don’ t appear to raise the happiness level(they actually tend to slightly lower the happiness of a marriage). Studies suggest that children are almost always part of an overall lifestyle of happiness, which is likely to include such things as marriage and religion. Charity We’ ve all heard that money doesn’ t buy happiness, and that’ s certainly true. But there is one way to get it: Give money away. The evidence is clear that gifts to charitable organizations and other worthy causes bring substantial life satisfaction to the givers. If you want $ 50 in authentic happiness today just donate it to a favorite charity. People who give money to charity are 43 percent more likely than non-givers to say they’ re very happy. Volunteers are 42 percent more likely to be very happy than non-volunteers. It doesn ‘ t matter whether the gifts of money go to churches or concerts: religious giving and unreligious giving leave people equally happy, and far happier than people who don’t give. Even donating blood, an especially personal kind of giving, improves our attitude. Fundamentally, the more people give, the happier they get. Freedom In fact, freedom and happiness are intimately related: People who consider themselves free are a lot happier than those who don’ t. In 2000 the General Social Survey revealed that people who personally feel “completely free” or “very free” were twice as likely as those who don’t say they’ re very happy about their lives. Not all types of freedom are the same in terms of happiness, however. Researchers have shown that economic freedom brings happiness, as does political and religious freedom. On the other hand, moral freedom—a lack of constraints on behavior does not. People who feel they have unlimited moral choices in their lives when it comes to matters of sex or drugs, for example, tend to be unhappier than those who do not feel they have so many choices in life. Lessons for America (72)The data tell us that what matters most for happiness is not having a lot of things but having healthy values. Without these values,

our jobs and our economy will bring us joyless riches. The facts can help remind us of what we should be paying attention to as individuals and as families, if we want to be happy. Our happiness is simply too important to us—and to America—to do anything less.

31． What will probably bring about overall happiness? A．To be satisfied with one’s job. B．To earn a lot of money. C．To work for big companies. D．To gain a college degree.

正确答案：A

解析：事实细节题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Furthermore，job satisfaction would seem to be causing overall happiness．．．”可知，答案选A。

32． Generally, men in marriage______than women in marriage. A．are probably under greater pressure B．are more inclined to feel they are happy C．are less likely to state they are happy D．are contributing more to the family

正确答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据文章五段最后一句“．．．married women say they’re happy more ohen than married men.”可推知，婚姻中的男性较女性来说，较少表达他们很快乐的这种观点。

33． According to the author, in what way can money bring happiness? A．Buy anything you want. B．Give your money away. C．Pay to listen to a concert. D．Own a large amount of it.

正确答案：B 解析：事实细节题。根据文章第八段“We’ve all heard that money doesn’t buy happiness，and that’s certainly true．But there is one way to get it：Give money away．”可知，通过钱来获得快乐的一种方法是：give it away。故选B。

34． What rarely brings in happiness? A．Religious freedom. B．Economic freedom. C．Political freedom. D．Moral freedom.

正确答案：D

解析：事实细节题。根据文章第十二段第二、三句“Researchers have shown that economic freedom brings happiness， as does political and religious freedom． On the other hand，moral freedom—a lack of constraints on behavior does not．”可知，经济、宗教和政治自由都能带来快乐，而道德自由却不会带来快乐。故选D。

Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on. For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level. Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page: others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between those is important, especially for advanced readers. (73)There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “ process” conversation as opposed to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader, our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.

35． According to the author, when will our reading become conscious? A．When the reader’ s expectations match with what is said in the text. B．When the reader has trouble understanding what the author says. C．When the reader asks tough questions and gets proper answers. D．When the reader understands a text with no difficulties.

正确答案：B

解析：事实细节题。根据文章第二段前三句“…we become aware of it．This is usually when we are running into difficulties， when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning．”可知，当读者的期望与文章意义不一致或者遇到困难时，阅读就会成为有意识的，这与选项B所表达的意思相同。故选B。

36． At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to______. A．read a text slowly and carefully B．read without thinking hard

C．interpret a text in their own way D．focus on the meaning of words only

正确答案：D 解析：推理判断题。由第三段倒数第二句“The latter represents higher levels of comprehension．”可推知，前者属于较低水平的理解，而前者指的是“some stay very close to the words on the page”，即只注重单词的字面意思。故选D。

37． A “process” conversation has to do with______. A．the application of reading strategies

B．matching our expectations with the meaning of a text C．the development of our ability to check the details D．determining the main idea of a text

正确答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“There is another conversation which…is to do not with what is read but with how it is read．”可知，another conversation与阅读策略有关。再根据本段第二句“We call this a‘process’conversation…”可知，a“process” conversation指的就是上一句中的“another conversation”，所以a“process”conversation与阅读策略有关。故选A。

38． According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between______.

A．conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension B．the reader’ s expectations and the meaning of a text C．lower and higher levels of comprehension D．interpreting and criticizing a text

正确答案：C

解析：事实细节题。文章第三段最后一句指出“The balance between those is important，especially for advanced readers．(对高级读者来说，平衡两者很重要。)”而根据本段第三、四句可知，those指代的lower and higher levels of comprehension。故选C。

(74)The poverty line is the lowest income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with income below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem. About ten percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs. For one thing, more than half of the people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. And a large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old. Some poor

adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job. Other poor adults look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer. At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, companies hire more workers. Some of the poor may find a job, and they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if the government spends money on social programs, education and training for the poor people, the poor will have the skill to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs. Finally, if the government distributes society’ s income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line.(75)The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people still depend on welfare to live a poor life.

39． The author’ s main purpose to write this article is ______. A．to inform us of what the poverty line is B．to explain why some people are poor

C．to find solutions to the problem of poverty D．to show sympathy for those poor people

正确答案：C

解析：推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了贫困线，接下来三段介绍了贫困人群及其贫困的原因，最后几段给出政府提出的帮助这些贫困人群解决贫困问题的可行方法。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是：找到解决贫困问题的办法。故选C。

40． How many people are considered poor in the United States? A．More than 50 percent. B．About 10 percent. C．Over 16 percent. D．Over 40 percent.

正确答案：B

解析：事实细节题。根据文章第二段第一句“About ten percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line．”可知，在美国，被认为贫困的人大约占10％。故选B。

41． Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because ______.

A．they do not have motivation to work B．they are ill-educated and have few skills C．they are too young or too old to work

D．they have physical and family problems

正确答案：C 解析：事实细节题。根据文章第三段内容“…more than half of the people in the United States are not qualified to work．Over 40 percent of the poor people are children．．．And a large number of poor people are old”可知，大部分美国贫困人穷不能胜任工作的原因是，他们年纪要么太小，要么太大。故选C。

42． What can we infer from the passage?

A．Better solutions to the poverty problems are not yet found. B．Welfare system will enable people to become rich.

C．Poor people are bound to be rich if rich people help them. D．Employment is the best solution to the poverty problem.

正确答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem．”可知，一些经济学家还在找解决贫困问题的更好的办法。由此可推断，对于贫困问题，还没有找到更好的解决办法。故选A。

A. On my way home, I helped to catch a thief who had robbed an old man of his wallet.B. Only Lijun knows how to get in touch with her.C. As soon as I went into the room, somebody came to show me where to sit.D. The driver took the old lady to a nearby hospital immediately.

43． 司机赶快把老太太送到附近的医院。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：D 解析：D组中，根据关键词“司机”“医院”分别与D项中的“driver”“hospital”相对应，即可确定答案为D；

44． 我在回家的路上帮忙抓了一个抢老人钱包的小偷。 A． B． C．

D．

正确答案：A

解析：A组中，根据关键词组“回家的路上”“老人”分别与A项中的“on my way home”“old man”相对应，即可确定答案为A；

45． 只有李军知道怎样与她联系。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：B

解析：B组中，根据关键词“李军”与B项中的“Lijun”相对应，即可确定答案为B；

46． 我一进屋就有人过来指点我坐在哪里。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：C

解析：C组中，根据关键词“一……就”与C项中的“as soon as”相对应，即可确定答案为C。

A. It is the best hotel that I have ever stayed in.B. Child as he is, Tom can recite more than one hundred poems.C. We should give him a chance to turn over a new leaf.D. It’ s a pity that you should have failed in the final exam last term.

47． 尽管汤姆还是个孩子，他能背诵一百多首诗。 A． B． C．

D．

正确答案：B

解析：B组中，根据关键词“尽管”“汤姆”分别与B项中的“as”“Tom”相对应，即可确定正确答案为B；

48． 你没能通过上学期的期末考试，真是太遗憾了。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：D 解析：D组中，根据关键词组“期末考试”“遗憾”分别与D项中的“final exam”“pity”相对应，即可确定答案为D；

49． 我们应该给他一个改过自新的机会。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：C

解析：C组中，根据关键词组“改过自新”与C项中的“turn over a new leaf”相对应，即可确定正确答案为C；

50． 这是我住过的最好的旅馆。 A． B． C． D．

正确答案：A

解析：A组中，根据关键词组“最好的旅馆”与A项中的“the best hotel”

相对应，即可确定正确答案为A。

Translation

Section ADirections: Translate the following English into Chinese.

51． Things like earning a master’ s degree don’ t make people happy over an extended period of time.

正确答案：像获得硕士学位这样的事情并不能使人长期感到幸福。 解析：分析句子结构，本句主语为“things(事情)”，谓语为“don’t make”，“make sb．+表示情感的形容词”表示“使某人感到……”，over an extended period of time意为“经过很长一段时间”，在这里作状语。like表示“像，诸如”，earn a master’sdegreee意为“获得硕士学位”，这两部分结合作things的后置定语。

52． The data tell us that what matters most for happiness is not having a lot of things but having healthy values.

正确答案：数据显示，对于幸福来说最重要的不是拥有很多东西，而是拥有健康的价值观。

解析：本句是个简单复合句。“The data tell us that…”为常用句型，意为“数据显示，数据表明”，其后跟宾语从句。在宾语从句中，what又引导主语从句，而“not…but…”结构为常考句型，表示“不是……，而是……”。matter为动词，意为“有关系，要紧”，healthy values意为“健康的价值观”。

53． There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.

正确答案：依我们看，还有另一种对话同样重要，它与所读的内容无关，而与阅读的方式有关。

解析：本句是个并列复合句。本句由两个并列句组成，第一句是there be结构“there is another conversation”，后面是which引导的定语从句“which is equally important”，而“from our point of view(依我们看)”为插入语；第二句为“that is not to do with…but with…”．主语that指代前面的conversation，“what is read”和“how it is read”均作with的宾语，“be to do with…”为固定句型，意为“与……有关，与……有联系”。

54． The poverty line is the lowest income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with income below the poverty line are considered poor.

正确答案：贫困线是指人们维持可接受的生活水准所需的最低收入。收入低于贫困线的人们被认为是贫穷的。

解析：本题考查意义相关的两个句子的翻译。前一句为主系表结构，that引导的定语从句修饰前面的income，poverty line意为“贫困线”，acceptable意为

“可接受的”，standard of living意为“生活水准”；后一句为主谓宾结构，且谓语为被动形式，with income below the poverty line作people的后置定语，below意为“在……下面，低于”。

55． The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare.

正确答案：政府从非贫困人群中征税并补助穷人。这些补助穷人的款项被称为救济金。

解析：本题考查意义相关的两个句子的翻译。前一句中有丽个由and连接的并列谓语成分，collect tax from意为“从……中征税”，give money to sb．意为“补助某人”；后一句中these payments to the poor为主语，payment意为“款项”，welfare意为“救济金”，若此词不认识，可从前一句中推导出来。

Section BDirections: Translate the following Chinese into English.

56． 她还太小不能回答这个问题。

正确答案：She is too young to answer the question．

解析：看到“太……(而)不能”结构，应立马想到英语中的常用句型“too…to”。回答问题应用“answer the question”。年龄小可译为“young”。

57． 据报道明年那里要修建一条新铁路。

正确答案：It is reported that a new railway will be built there next year． 解析：“据报道”为常用句型，应译为“It is reported that…”。“铁路”为主语，应放于that从句之首，而时间和地点作为状语应放于最后。同时，“a new railway”放于句首也可起到强调作用，且“build(修建)”与主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用其被动形式。

58． 他们告诉我，到今年年底他们在一起工作就要满三十年了。

正确答案：They tell me that they will have worked together for thirty years by the end of this year．

解析：“告诉某人某事”应译为“tell sb．sth．”，构成双宾语。而sth．过长，所以可采用宾语从句结构并用that来引导。根据句意从句谓语应用将来完成时，即will have done形式。“一起工作”为“work together”。“满”三十年注意用介词for。而“到年底”应译为标志将来完成时态的“by the end of this year”。

59． 今天早晨来找小杨的那个人你认识吗?

正确答案：Do you know the person who came to look for Xiao Yang this morning?

解析：分析本句结构，“的”之前的内容即为“那个人”的定语，由此可确

定本名可译为定语从句；且定语从句先行词为人，所以用who来引导。主句谓语“认识”应译为“know”，“来”是“come to”，“找”是“look for”。时间状语“this morning(今天早上)”放于句末。

60． 你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。

正确答案：You’d better put on your sweater，for it’s rather cold outside． 解析：“最好……”应译为“would better do sth．”短语。逗号后面为原因，应用for引出原因状语。动词“穿”为“put on”，名词“毛衣”为“sweater”，副词“相当”为“rather”，形容词“冷”为“cold”，地点状语“外边(outside)”应后置。

Writing 61． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Solve the Energy Problem. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.(1)有人认为解决能源危机的方法是节约；(2)有人则认为开发新的能源是最好的方法；(3)我的看法。

正确答案： How to Solve the Energy Problem Energy shortage is a very serious problem in the world nowadays. Many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. This, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even crisis. On the one hand, most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. One is to conserve and save our energy. Energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. Most countries are trying to conserve energy. For example some countries have a daylight saving system to use less electricity for lighting. Some cities have enforced water savers at public such as restrooms and bars. Some have enforced serious penalties on overuse of electricity, water, and farming land. However, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. Another way, is to develop new energy resources. We don’ t have to depend only on the current conventional energy resources. There are many other energy resources that we can develop such as nuclear power, water power and solar power. These resources, if developed, can completely replace the conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortage. In my opinion, to develop new energy resources is the most fundamental method of solving energy problem.