第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Have a wonderful summer in Italy! Teach English to children at our summer camps and get paid. Job Description
Each summer, EDUCO sends hundreds of mother tongue English speakers to over 200 summer camps across Italy, from the Alps, to Sicily. Our camps offer a unique experience for Italian children as they do not stick firmly to traditional teaching methods; instead, they employ the use of drama, songs and games to help learn English gradually and easily. Camps run form 9 am to 5pm, from Monday to Friday, and the children are completely involved in this mode of learning from start to finish. Each camp runs for either one or two weeks, before sending tutors off to a new location.
Join us for a rewarding summer experience in one of the most beautiful countries in the world. We’re looking for enthusiastic, responsible and reliable tutors who love working with children and are prepared to teach English in fun and creative ways. Previous teaching experience and Italian language skills are NOT necessary for this role.
A five-day course in Bologna(an Italian city) will provide all tutors with the training they need for our camps. Working in small guided groups, you’ll be taught some skills to help you successfully run camps. EDUCO will also provide you with a number of necessary materials to take to camp. The course dates for summer 2021 are:
June 11th-16th June 18th -23rd August 13th -18th What we offer Paid financial aid.
A chance to spend the summer in Italy!
The chance to take on a challenging but extremely rewarding role that will prove to be invaluable in your future career.
You get to discover various beautiful places in Italy while touring in groups to perform shows. We ask that
You should be a university student or graduate.
Previous teaching experience is NOT necessary. Italian language skills are NOT necessary. Your mother tongue is English. You enjoy working with children.
1. What can we learn about the camps from the text? A. The tutors in the camps are native English speakers.
B. The camps are for adults.
C. The teaching methods are different among the camps. D. Each camp lasts for two weeks. 2. Who may be the right person for the camps? A. A person who is outgoing and likes children. B. A person who is a native Italian speaker. C. A person who has experience in teaching Italian. D. A person who has just graduated from high school. 3. Where may this text come from? A. A popular magazine.
C. World news section of a newspaper. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章为一则EDUCO的招聘广告，介绍了职位描述、工作提供的福利以及应聘要求。 【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each summer, EDUCO sends hundreds of mother tongue English speakers to over 200 summer camps across Italy, from the Alps, to Sicily.”可知，每年夏天，EDUCO都会派出数百名母语为英语的人参加200多个夏令营，遍及意大利各地，从阿尔卑斯山到西西里岛。由此可知，营地里的导师的母语是英语。故选A。 【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“We’re looking for enthusiastic, responsible and reliable tutors who love working with children and are prepared to teach English in fun and creative ways. Previous teaching experience and Italian language skills are NOT necessary for this role.”可知，我们正在寻找热情，负责任和值得信赖的老师，他们喜欢与孩子们一起工作，并准备以有趣和创造性的方式教英语。以前的教学经验和意大利语技能不是这个职位的必要条件。由此可知，一个性格外向，喜欢孩子的人是夏令营的合适人选。故选A。 【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“We’re looking for enthusiastic, responsible and reliable tutors who love working with
B. A job advertisement.
D. Entertainment section of a newspaper.
children and are prepared to teach English in fun and creative ways. Previous teaching experience and Italian language skills are NOT necessary for this role.(我们正在寻找热情，负责任和值得信赖的老师，他们喜欢与孩子们一起工作，并准备以有趣和创造性的方式教英语。以前的教学经验和意大利语技能不是这个职位的必要条件)”结合文章为一则EDUCO的招聘广告，介绍了职位描述、工作提供的福利以及应聘要求。由此可推知，文章选自一则招聘广告。故选B。
B
Red Adair became “the man to call” if you wanted a fire in an oil well to be put out, a task that was extremely dangerous and difficult. Red Adair was born in Houston, Texas in 1915. He got such a name because of his bright red hair. The color became a trademark for him. He wore red clothes and red boots. He drove a red car, and he and his men used red trucks and red equipment.
One of Red Adair’s most dangerous jobs was in 1962. He and his men put out a natural gas fire in the Sahara Desert in Algeria. Burning for six months, the fire was so fierce that American astronaut John Glenn could see it from space as he orbited Earth and the sand around the fire had melted into glass from the extreme heat. The famous fire was called the “Devil’s Cigarette Lighter”.
Adair’s success with the big fire and earlier well fires captured imagination of the American film industry. In 1968, Hollywood made an action film called “Hellfighters” which was roughly based on events in Red Adair’s life. Adair said one of the best honors in the world was to have John Wayne play him in a movie. In 1998, Adair troubleshot (排除故障)what was possibly the world’s worst ocean accident at the Piper Alpha oil platform in the North Sea. One hundred and sixty-seven men were killed when the oil rig(油井钻探设备)exploded after a gas leak. Not only did Red Adair and his team have to put out the fires but they also had to deal with winds blowing at more than one hundred and twenty kilometers an hour, as well as the sea which was at least twenty meters deep.
In March of 1991, Red Adair went to Kuwait to put out at even hundred Kuwaiti fires following the Persian Gulf War. His efforts saved millions of liters of oil. Some experts say the operation also helped prevent an environmental tragedy.
Red Adair died at 89 on 7 August 2004. Many Americans remember him as a very brave man. He lived his life troubleshooting danger. He was known for risking his own life to save others. 4. Why was John Glenn mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. To prove the fire was really big. B. To confirm it was a natural gas fire. C. To explain how the sand melted.
D. To show Adair’s job was important. 5. What can be learned about “Hellfighters” ? A. It was a big hit in Hollywood. B. It was directed by John Wayne. C. It is a documentary on firefighters. D. It is loosely based on Adair’s life. 6. What happened in 1998?
A. 176 people died in a big ocean fire accident. B. An oil rig exploded because of careless smoking. C. Strong winds caused Adair to be badly injured in the fire. D. Adair and his team managed to put out a big ocean fire. 7. What’s probably the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To remember the great firefighter Red Adair. B. To draw public attention to the danger of fires. C. To call on more people to be brave firefighters. D. To document some unforgettable fires in the world. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伟大的消防员Red Adair的生平事迹。他一生都在排除危险，Red Adair和他的团队完成了几次危险而又艰难的灭火任务。 【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Burning for six months, the firer was so fierce that American astronaut John Glenn could see it from space as he orbited Earth and the sand around the fire had melted into glass from the extreme heat.(燃烧了六个月，火是如此的凶猛，以至于美国宇航员John Glenn在绕地球轨道飞行时可以从太空中看到它，火周围的沙子由于酷热融化成了玻璃。)”可推知，提及John Glenn在太空中可以看到大火，应是为了强调火势的猛烈。故选A项。 【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“In 1968, Hollywood made an action film called “Hellfighters” which was roughly based on events in Red Adair’s life.”可知，1968年，好莱坞制作了一部名为《地狱战士》的动作片，这部电影大致是根据Red Adair的生活事件改编的。D项“It is loosely based on Adair’s life.(它大致是基于
Adair的生活。)”表达上符合原文信息。故选D项。 【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“In 1998, Adair troubleshot what was possibly the world’s worst ocean accident at the Piper Alpha oil platform in the North Sea. One hundred and sixty-seven men were killed when the oil rig exploded after a gas leak. Not only did Red Adair and his team have to put out the fires but they also had to deal with winds blowing at more than one hundred and twenty kilometers an hour, as well as the sea which was at least twenty meters deep.( 1998年，Adair在北海的派珀阿尔法石油平台上排除了可能是世界上最严重的海洋事故。石油钻塔在煤气泄漏后爆炸，一百六十七人丧生。Red Adair和他的团队不仅要扑灭大火，还要应对时速超过120公里的大风，以及至少20米深的海面。)”可知，在1998年，Adair和他的团队扑灭了一场海洋大火。故选D项。 【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Red Adair完成了几次危险而又艰难的灭火任务。且根据文章末尾内容对他的评价“Many Americans remember him as a very brave man. He lived his life troubleshooting danger. He was known for risking his own life to save others.(许多美国人记得他是一个非常勇敢的人。他一生都在排除危险。他以冒着生命危险救别人而闻名。)”可推知，文章的目的应是纪念伟大的消防员Red Adair。故选A项。 【点睛】写作意图推测题
此题型要求考生根据文章的论述，推测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实和形象，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。这种题型要求考生能够总结文章主旨内容，善于寻找能够总结并升华文章主旨的语句，而这种语句一般存在于文章末段。比如文章的第4小题： 4. What’s probably the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To remember the great firefighter Red Adair. B. To draw public attention to the danger of fires. C. To call on more people to be brave firefighters. D To document some unforgettable fires in the world.
目的意图推测题。通过阅读文章可知，文章主要讲述了Red Adair的生平事迹，且在文章末尾存在升华文章主旨的语句“He lived his life troubleshooting danger. He was known for risking his own life to save others.”，因此文章的写作意图很明显是为了纪念伟大的消防员Red Adair。故选A项。
C
Parks in cities are usually considered as islands of green among seas of concrete and steel. When you approach the High Line on the west side of Manhattan, what you see first is the kind of thing urban parks were created to get away from—a heavy, black steal structure supporting a raised rail line that once brought freight(货运)trains right into
factories, and that looks, at least from a distance, more like some abandoned leftover from the past than an urban oasis(绿洲).
That is what the High Line was until recently. But now, it has been turned into one of the most inviting public spaces. The black steel columns now hold up a raised park. Walking on the High Line, you float about eight meters above the ground. You can sit surrounded by carefully tended plantings and take in the sun and the Hudson River views, or you can walk the line as it winds its way between old buildings and striking new ones. I have walked the High Line dozens of times. Different from any street, sidewalk, or park, it never fails to surprise and delight me. The most extraordinary thing about the High Line is the way without streets to cross or traffic lights to wait for, ten blocks pass as quickly as two.
The High Line is a dream come true. The real heroes of the story are Joshua David and Robert Hammond. “I saw an article saying that the High Line was to be destroyed, and I wondered if anyone wanted to save it,” Hammond said. “I saw that it was on the agenda for a community meeting. I went to see what was going on, and there I met David. We were the only people there who wanted to save it.”
“The railroad representatives showed some plans to reuse it, which enraged(激怒)the people who were trying to get it torn down. We couldn’t believe the degree of rage those people had. Hammond and I asked railroad officials to take them to look at the High Line. When we got up there, we saw a mile and a half of wildflowers. New Yorkers always dream of finding open spaces—it’s fantasy when you live in a studio apartment.” David said. And that’s how the project began.
8. What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. An urban oasis. C. A black steel structure.
B. A raised rail
D. An abandoned leftover.
9. What does the author notice while walking on the High Line? A. He can always see strange things. B. The weather seems much better there. C. New buildings keep being built around it.
D. He can cover more miles in the same amount of time. 10. Why did Hammond go to the community meeting? A. Because he was the representative of the railroad. B. Because he went there to accompany his friend David. C. Because he wanted to see if others would share his views.
D. Because he thought he could persuade people to join in his campaign.
11. How did David feel at the meeting? A. He was pleased to realize he might succeed. B. He was encouraged by everyone’s determination. C. He was worried that their way of life might change. D. He was surprised by the reactions to the idea proposed. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了对于曼哈顿西侧的高线的拯救。由于Joshua David 和Robert Hammond在社区议程上的坚持，这条高线由以往像被遗弃一样的区域成为了当今最具吸引力的公共空间之一：高线公园（High Line Park）。 【8题详解】
that应是指代前文提及的事物，词义猜测题。分析可知，结合前文“When you approach the High Line on the west side of Manhattan, what you see first is the kind of thing urban parks were created to get away from—a heavy, black steal structure supporting a raised rail line that once brought freight trains right into factories, and that looks, at least from a distance, more like some abandoned leftover from the past than an urban oasis.(当你走近曼哈顿西侧的高线时，你首先看到的是城市公园所要摆脱的那种东西——一个沉重的黑色钢结构支撑着一条高架铁路线，这条铁路曾经把货运列车直接运到工厂，至少从远处看，更像是一些被遗弃的过去，而不是城市绿洲。)”可知，that应是指代前文提及的曼哈顿西侧的高线就像是一些被遗弃的过去，与选项D“An abandoned leftover.”表达含义一致。故选D项。 【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“The most extraordinary thing about the High Line is the way without streets to cross or traffic lights to wait for, ten blocks pass as quickly as two.”可知，作者的体验是高线最不寻常的地方是没有街道交叉，也没有红绿灯等待，十个街区就快过两个街区，即同样的时间，可以走更多的路程。故选D项。 【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“I saw an article saying that the High Line was to be destroyed, and I wondered if anyone wanted to save it … I saw that it was on the agenda for a community meeting. I went to see what was going on…”可知，当得知高线要被拆毁，他想知道是否有人想拯救它，参加社区会议的议程应是想要去了解是否有人和他一样想要拯救这条高铁线。故选C项。 【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“The railroad representatives showed some plans to reuse it, which enraged the people who were trying to get it torn down. We couldn’t believe the degree of rage those people had.(铁路代表展示了一些重新利用它的计划，这激怒了试图拆除它的人们。我们无法相信那些人的愤怒程度。)”可知，对于那些反对拯救这条高线的人们的激烈反应，David是没有想到的，这使他感到惊讶。故选D项。 【点睛】事实细节题
在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分属于事实或细节题。这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。比如文章第4小题，就可以从文章中直接找到答案。 4. How did David feel at the meeting? A. He was pleased to realize he might succeed. B. He was encouraged by everyone’s determination. C. He was worried that their way of life might change. D. He was surprised by the reactions to the idea proposed.
事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章内容“The railroad representatives showed some plans to reuse it, which enraged the people who were trying to get it torn down. We couldn’t believe the degree of rage those people had.”可知，该句即为答案。句中“couldn’t believe”应是表达了David对于反对者们愤怒情绪的难以置信和惊讶。故选D项。
D
In late September, Kimberly Williams-Guillen, a professor at the University of Washington Bothell, received a report that a handful of howler monkeys had been found dead in Nicaragua. Strangely, the monkeys showed no signs of disease. Over the next couple of months, the reports really started to flood in. When it became clear that this was not just an isolated(独的)incident, Williams-Guillen boarded a plane to Nicaragua to see for herself.
Williams-Guillen speculates that the deaths may be linked to the drought that has struck Nicaragua this year. “The deaths are concentrated in the areas worst hit by drought and the trees are just bare—there’s hardly a leaf to be eaten,” she says.
Kenneth Glander of Duke University agrees that limited food availability is likely a contributing factor. Rather, the lack of food may drive the monkeys to consume plants with high levels of certain toxins(毒素)that aren’t part of their normal diet.
Another possible cause for the howler monkey die-offs is disease. Although Nicaragua is currently believed to be free of yellow fever, Glander points out that outbreaks of the viral disease ruined howler monkey populations in
the late 1940s and into the 1950s. Some researchers even think that yellow fever may be a cause of the relatively low genetic American howler monkeys.
Wiliams Guillen thinks that disease is an unlikely cause of the recent monkey deaths, however. While she and her colleagues are still waiting to export blood and tissue samples to U.S. labs for further analysis, she notes that a Nicaraguan researcher has experimented on some of the samples. And, so far, none have tested positive for yellow fever, Zika, chi-kungunya, or dengue viruses.
For now, however, the cause of the recent howler monkey deaths remains a mystery. Williams-Guillen suspects that no one’s hypothesis(假说)will be correct. “There’re probably many factors,” she says. “Animals that might have had some clinical or secondary infections that normally aren’t that problematic... got into a situation where they were extremely food-and water-stressed, and that might have been enough to cause them to die.”
According to Paragraph 1 an early consideration regarding the howler monkey deaths was whether they ______. 12.
A. were simply random occurrences B. affected howler monkeys of all ages C. were related to the environment in Nicaragua D. could be prevented through food distribution
13. What does the underlined word “speculates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Denies. C. Bothers.
14. What does Paragraph 5 mainly aim to do? A. Define Williams-Guillen’s method. B. Stress Williams-Guillen’s assumptions. C. Provide Williams-Guillen’s perspective. D. Demonstrate Williams-Guillen’s expertise.
15. What can we infer from the text about the death of howler monkeys? A. William-Guillen used lab tests to show its influence. B. It really resulted from limited food availability. C. No final conclusion has been reached about it. D. Drought has played a key role in it. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【分析】
B. Guesses. D. Declares.
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了尼加拉瓜的吼叫猴出现大量死亡，科学家对其死亡原因进行研究调查，分别从环境因素——干旱，生理因素——疾病等方面提出了假设，最终却未能得出一个明确的死因结论。 【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Strangely, the monkeys showed no signs of disease. Over the next couple of months, the reports really started to flood in. When it became clear that this was not just an isolated incident, Williams-Guillen boarded a plane to Nicaragua to see for herself.(奇怪的是，这些猴子没有表现出疾病的迹象。在接下来的几个月里，报告真的开始大量涌入。当人们意识到这不仅仅是一个孤立的事件时，Williams-Guillen登上了一架飞往尼加拉瓜的飞机，亲自去看看。)”可知，当大量的关于吼叫猴死亡的报告出现时，Williams-Guillen才决定亲自去调查，因此可知，最初对于这种吼叫猴的死亡事件只是被当作为一种个例，一种随机事件。故选A项。 【13题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词为谓语动词，根据之后宾语从句“that the deaths may be linked to the drought that has struck Nicaragua this year(死亡可能与今年袭击尼加拉瓜的旱灾有关)”中使用到了情态动词“may”，表达“可能”，由此推知，Williams-Guillen在对吼叫猴的死亡原因进行猜测。因此，划线单词“speculates”应是“推测；猜测”含义，与选项B“Guesses.(猜测)”含义一致。故选B项。 【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Wiliams-Guillen thinks that disease is an unlikely cause of the recent monkey deaths, however.( 然而，Wiliams-Guillen认为疾病不太可能是导致最近猴子死亡的原因。)”，且在段落后文进行了解释And, so far, none have tested positive for yellow fever, Zika, chi-kungunya, or dengue viruses.而且，到目前为止，黄热病、寨卡、基孔肯亚或登革热病毒检测均未呈阳性。由此可推知，本段主要目的应是提出Williams-Guillen对于吼叫猴是否为疾病导致死亡的看法。故选C项。 【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“For now, however, the cause of the recent howler monkey deaths remains a mystery.”可知，就目前而言，吼叫猴死亡的原因仍然是个谜。由此判断出吼叫猴的死因未能得到最终的结论。故选C项。
【点睛】利用上下文语境猜词义
在文章中，任何一个单词都不是孤立存在的，它总要通过上下文和其他单词或语句有着紧密的联系，通过这些联系也可以猜测出单词的意思。比如文章的第2小题：
2. What does the underlined word “speculates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Denies. B. Guesses. C. Bothers. D. Declares.
本题为词义猜测题。划线单词所在句为“Williams-Guillen speculates that the deaths may be linked to the drought
that has struck Nicaragua this year.”，因此可根据之后的宾语从句含义理解划线单词含义，通过宾语从句中的关键词“may”可知，宾语从句为“推测或猜测”而来的原因，由此可推知，其谓语动词的含义应是“猜测”，划线单词应是与B“Guesses.”含义相同。故选B项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Balance Self-care and Caring for Others
How do I balance self-care and caring for others? If you are asking this question you are one of those people who tend to be selfless. ___16___. So, how do you strike a balance?
Avoid killing the goose. ___17___, you are going to kill the goose. If you work at a homeless shelter 50 hours a week for two weeks and then quit because you are extremely exhausted, it won’t do nearly as much good as if you work five hours a week all year round. Kind people usually fall into a trap—they try to do so much-good but they don’t realize that more is not always better.
___18___. You don’t always have to sacrifice a lot to do something good. This doesn’t mean that personal sacrifice is bad, but giving a friend the money that you and your family need to spend on food or rent isn’t a great plan. ___19___. You can still support and encourage friends, but you don’t have to make great sacrifices to care for someone.
Know the importance of self-care. This is something that every new parent eventually has to figure out: having that fist date away from the child can be a guilty experience, but it is better for the child to be sent to his or her grandparents’ once in a while so that the parents can relax themselves and have a good time. ___20___.
Taking care of yourself, if you are encouraging or supporting someone, is taking care of them. It makes you strong, and then you can pass that strength on to them. A. Learn to care for others B. Make reasonable sacrifices C. Whatever you do for others counts
D. Sometimes you just need to take care of yourself and your family E. Then the parents will come back better equipped to care for the child F. But you don' know when to stop caring for others and start caring for yourself G. If you aggressively(过分地)give and never care for yourself 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. E 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在照顾自己和照顾他人之间达到平衡。 【16题详解】
根据后文“So, how do you strike a balance?(那么，怎样才能达到平衡呢?)”可知，设空句应提及需要平衡的内容，即，照顾自己与照顾他人之间的平衡。选项F“But you don’t know when to stop caring for others and start caring for yourself”提到的“不知道什么时候该停止关心别人而开始关心自己”即为需要平衡的内容，符合语境分析。故选F项。 【17题详解】
设空句后文为举例内容，应是对设空句的支持分析，根据后文“If you work at a homeless shelter 50 hours a week for two weeks and then quit because you are extremely exhausted, it won’t do nearly as much good as if you work five hours a week all year round.(如果你每周在无家可归者收容所工作50个小时，连续两个星期，然后因为极度疲惫而辞职，这几乎没有你全年每周工作5个小时那么好。)”可知，举例内容旨在强调照顾别人的程度不能过分到不顾及自己。选项G“If you aggressively give and never care for yourself”与举例内容衔接紧密，与空后内容 “you are going to kill the goose.”相结合理解为“如果你积极付出却从不关心自己，你会害死自己的”贴合本段主旨。故选G项。 【18题详解】
设空句为本段主题句。根据后文“You don’t always have to sacrifice a lot to do something good.”的解释可知，本段在强调“你不必总是为了做好事而牺牲很多”，B项“Make reasonable sacrifices(做合理的牺牲)”与该内容相呼应，贴合主题。故选B项。 【19题详解】
根据后文“You can still support and encourage friends, but you don’t have to make great sacrifices to care for someone.”可知，你仍然可以支持和鼓励你的朋友，但是你不必为了关心一个人而做出很大的牺牲，由此可推知，设空句应提及“自私”一点，比如需要照顾自己的感受和家人。选项D“Sometimes you just need to take care of yourself and your family(有时候你只需要照顾好你自己和你的家人)”符合分析。故选D【20题详解】
设空句在段末，应是对前文的承接，根据前文“…so that the parents can relax themselves and have a good time.”可知，将孩子送到他或她的祖父母那里，父母可以放松自己，享受时光，因此设空句承接前文继续讲述这样之后的结果，比如父母才会更好地照顾孩子。选项E“Then the parents will come back better equipped to care for the child(然后父母回来后会更好地照顾孩子)”符合分析，且“Then”与前文构成时间顺承关系。故选E项。
项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was growing up, we still did Christmas gift exchanges at school. ___21___letting us pick who we brought a gift for, we were paired by drawing a classmate’s ___22___out of a hat(随机). One year, when I was six or seven, I was ___23___with a boy named Gordon. Even at that age, we were all very ___24___that Gordon’s family didn’t have much money, and when he gave me a small, seemingly ___25___gift at our gift exchange, a bunch of my classmates started making fun of him. I hate to admit it, but I ___26___them.
When I got home from school that day, I showed my mother the gift and told her what had happened. She explained to me that the present Gordon had given me was probably far more ___27___for his family to buy than the one I had given him. Then I felt ___28___that something I had said had more than likely really ___29___someone, and I just couldn’t live with myself.
The next day at school, I found Gordon and ____30____him for the present and told him I really liked it. Not because my mother told me I should, but because I knew in my heart it was the right thing to do.
That is one of those ____31____that still sting(刺疼)a little bit all these years later, because I was so
____32____in the way I acted. You see, my mother was the absolute best ____33____of someone who could always find good in people, and she worked to ____34____everyone she came into contact with. Hers were big shoes to fill, so when I ____35____to emulate(模仿)her, I was extremely hard on myself—not because I let her down, but because I let myself down. 21. A. In spite of 22. A. face 23. A. arranged 24. A. aware 25. A. practical 26. A. blamed 27. A. smart 28. A. urgent 29. A. frightened 30. A. praised 31. A. jokes 32. A. disappointed 33. A. educator
B. Apart from B. name B. appointed B. surprised B. extraordinary B. refused B. expensive B. angry B. hurt B. respected B. memories B. frustrated B. sample
C. Regardless of C. family C. invited C. curious C. unimpressive C. parted with C. difficult C. horrible C. destroyed C. congratulated C. choices C. excited C. participant
D. Instead of D. gift D. paired D. confused D. attractive D. joined D. meaningful D. proud D. bothered D. interested D. opportunities D. annoyed D. example
34. A. build up 35. A. wanted
B. give up on B. hurried
C. bring up C. failed
D. look out for D. learned
21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 【答案】
32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的童年时期与同学Gordon互换圣诞节礼物，Gordon不起眼的礼物受到了其他同学和作者的嘲笑，在妈妈的解释下，认识到这份不起眼的礼物可能对于Gordon家庭来说，已经很昂贵了，从而认识到要为他人着想，并以妈妈为榜样效仿学习。 【21题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不是让我们挑选礼物送给谁，而是从随机抽取一个同学的名字配成一组。A. In spite of尽管；不顾；B. Apart from除了……外（都）；要不是；C. Regardless of不管；不顾；D. Instead of代替；而不是。根据后文“we were paired by drawing a classmate’s ___2__ out of a hat”可知，作者当时是随机抽取要互换礼物的同学的名字，而不是由自己选择同学。故选D项。 【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是让我们挑选礼物送给谁，而是从随机抽取一个同学的名字配成一组。A. face脸庞；B. name名字；C. family家庭；D. gift礼物。根据前文动词“drawing”含有“抽签”含义，可知，应是抽取写有同学名字的字条。故选B项。 【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一年，在我六七岁的时候，我和一个叫Gordon的男孩结对。A. arranged安排；B. appointed任命；C. invited邀请；D. paired把……组成一对。布置；安排；与前文“we were paired by drawing a classmate’s ___2__ out of a hat”中动词“paired”相呼应，本空应是paired。be paired with sb.，“与……组成一组/一对”。故选D项。 【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在那个年纪，我们都很清楚Gordon的家没有多少钱，当他在我们的礼物A. aware知道；B. surprised交换会上送给我一个看似不起眼的小礼物时，我的一帮同学开始取笑他。意识到；惊讶的；感到意外的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“when he gave me a small, seemingly ___5__ gift at our gift exchange, a bunch of my classmates started making fun of him.”可知，同学们应是都知道Gordon家庭贫困，当他拿出礼物送给作者时，大家才会嘲笑他。be aware that…，“知道；了解”。故选A项。 【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在那个年纪，我们都很清楚Gordon的家人没有多少钱，当他在我们的礼
物交换会上送给我一个看似不起眼的小礼物时，我的一帮同学开始取笑他。A. practical实际的；可行的；实用的；B. extraordinary意想不到的；令人惊奇的；C. unimpressive普通的；平庸的；没有印象的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据前文“when he gave me a small”提及是一个“小”礼物，与此相呼应，应是普通的，不起眼的。故选C项。 【26题详解】
考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然我不愿意承认，但我还是加入了他们（一起嘲笑他）。A. blamed责备；责怪；B. refused拒绝；C. parted with与……分开；送掉；卖掉；D. joined参加；加入。结合语境可知，空后的宾语“them”应是指代前文“a bunch of my classmates started making fun of him”提及的嘲笑Gordon的同学，结合后文“Then I felt ___8___ that something I had said had more than likely really ___9___ someone”可知，作者应是也嘲笑了他。join sb. “加入到某人中一起”。故选D项。 【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向我解释说，对他家人来说，Gordon给我的礼物可能比我给他的要贵得多。A. smart聪明的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. difficult困难的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据前文“Even at that age, we were all very ___4__ that Gordon’s family didn’t have much money”可知，Gordon家庭贫困，因此在妈妈看来，对他的家人来说，Gordon给我的礼物可能比我给他的要贵得多。故选B项。 【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我觉得（自己）很糟糕，我说的话很可能真的伤害了别人，我无法忍受自己。A. urgent紧急的；迫切的；B. angry生气的；C. horrible十分讨厌的；可恶的；D. proud骄傲的；自豪的。根据前文妈妈的解释“She explained to me that the present Gordon had given me was probably far more ___7__ for his family to buy than the one I had given him.”可知，Gordon家庭贫困，在妈妈看来，对他的家人来说，Gordon给我的礼物可能比我给他的要贵得多，而作者还同其他同学一起嘲笑他，作者感到自己十分令人讨厌，很糟糕。故选C项。 【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我觉得（自己）很糟糕，我说的话很可能真的伤害了别人，我无法忍受自己。A. frightened使害怕；B. hurt使（身体上，感情上）受伤；C. destroyed破坏；毁坏；D. bothered使烦恼。根据前文“I hate to admit it, but I ___6 __ them.”可知，作者同其他同学一起嘲笑了Gordon，这样的行为应是使Gordon在感情上受到了伤害。故选B项。 【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，我找到了Gordon，称赞了他这件礼物，并告诉他我真的很喜欢。A. praised表扬；称赞；B. respected尊敬；尊重；C. congratulated祝贺；D. interested使感兴趣；使关注。根praise sb. 据后文“told him I really liked it”可知，作者找到Gordon，表达了对他送的礼物的喜爱，称赞了他。
for sth，“为某事表扬某人”。故选A项。 【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是那些多年后仍然让我有点心痛的记忆之一，因为我当时的行为方式太糟糕A. jokes笑话；B. memories记忆；C. choices选择；D. opportunities机会。了。玩笑；根据后文“these years later”可知，作者应是在几年后回忆了这段往事。故选B项。 【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是那些多年后仍然让我有点心痛的记忆之一，因为我当时的行为方式太糟糕了。A. disappointed失望的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. excited兴奋的；D. annoyed恼怒的；烦闷的。根据后文“not because I let her down, but because I let myself down”可知，作者应是对自己当时嘲笑Gordon的行为感到失望。故选A项。 【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你看，我的母亲绝对是一个最好的榜样，她总是能发现别人的优点，她努力去A. educator教育工作者；B. sampleC. participant她接触到的每一个人着想。教师；教育家；（抽查的）样本；样品；D. example例子；参与者；参加者；榜样。根据后文“Hers were big shoes to fill, so when I ___15___ to emulate her”可知，作者把自己的妈妈当作榜样。故选D项。 【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你看，我的母亲绝对是一个最好的榜样，她总是能发现别人的优点，她努力去她接触到的每一个人着想。A. build up增进；加强；B. give up on对……表示绝望；C. bring up养育；提出；D. look out for留意；提防；为……着想。根据前文“She explained to me that the present Gordon had given me was probably far more ___7___ for his family to buy than the one I had given him.”可知，作者的妈妈解释了Gordon的礼物虽然普通，但是对于他贫困的家庭来说，应是已经很昂贵了，说明作者的妈妈是一个为他人着想的人。故选D项。 【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她太出色，所以当我没能效仿她时，我对自己非常苛刻——不是因为我让她失望了，而是因为我让自己失望了。A. wanted想要；B. hurried仓促（做某事）；匆忙；C. failed失败；D. learned学习；了解。根据后文“not because I let her down, but because I let myself down”可知，作者对自己感到失望应是没能以妈妈为榜样待人处事。故选C项。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, the combination of pets and catering have become incredibly popular in many cities. While many cafes ___36___(start) out offering the company of cats and dogs, they are expanding their range. Some cafes
include animals like squirrels(浣熊) and even capybaras(水豚).
In reviews, internet users have commented that one reason for visiting these business is to interact ___37___ (close) with animals they have only seem from afar.
“The customers love animals. They are curious about these pets and want to raise one at home, ___38___ circumstance don’t allow it,” said pet cafe owner Tian Xuhui.
Liu Wan, a Beijing resident, loves pigs, but her parents would not approve of her ___39___ (get) one as a pet. The 24-year-old had to admire the animals through videos and images. But now, she can have a close encounter with a pig every weekend.
Also, these pet cafes serve as a heaven for those ___40___find comfort in being around animals. “Here, you can get close to the cute little ___41___in a very comfortable way without having to worry about safety and hygiene(卫生)—overall, it is an extremely ___42___ (comfort) experience, ” said Xiao Ou, a pet cafe visitor.
Animal lovers also expect the pet cafes to change people’s attitudes toward pets. Animals like ducks, pigs and sheep ___43___ (serve) as food for many years. People hardly see them as pets. But the pet cafes help shift their attitude ___44___ seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends.
“Whether at home or in stores, these little animals are there for companionship and they bring ____45____ (warm) to our hearts.” Xiao said. 【答案】36. started 37. closely
38. but 39. getting 40. who 41. ones 42. comfortable 43. have been served 44. from 45. warmth 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。说明了近年来，宠物和餐饮的结合在许多城市变得令人难以置信的流行。虽然许多咖啡馆一开始只提供猫和狗的陪伴，但他们正在扩大自己的业务范围。有些咖啡馆里有松鼠甚至水豚等动物。文章主要列举了人们对于宠物咖啡馆的一些看法。 【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：虽然许多咖啡馆一开始只提供猫和狗的陪伴，但他们正在扩大自己的业务范围。此处描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填started。 【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：在评论中，互联网用户评论说，光顾这些商店的一个原因是为了与那些看起来遥不可及的动物亲密互动。修饰动词interact应用副词closely，表示“亲密地”，close作副词讲表示“接近地”不符合语境。故填closely。 【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们对这些宠物很好奇，想在家里养一只，但环境不允许。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用but。故填but。 【39题详解】
考查动名词复合结构。句意：北京居民刘万喜欢猪，但她的父母不同意她养猪当宠物。此处作介词of的宾语，应填动名词getting与her构成动名词的复合结构。故填getting。 【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同时，这些宠物咖啡馆也是那些在动物身边找到安慰的人的天堂。此处为定语从句修饰先行词those，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故填who。 【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：“在这里，你可以以一种非常舒适的方式接近这些可爱的小家伙们，而不用担心安全和卫生——总体来说，这是一种非常舒适的体验，”一位名叫小欧的宠物咖啡馆游客说。此处用于替代前面已经出现过的复数名词animals应用ones。故填ones。 【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。修饰后文名词experience应用形容词comfortable，作定语。故填comfortable。 【43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：鸭子、猪、羊等动物多年来一直被当作食物食用。根据后文for many years可知应用现在现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为Animals，助动词应用have。故填have been served。 【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是，宠物咖啡馆帮助他们转变了态度，从把它们当作玩物，到把它们当作家庭成员或亲密的朋友。结合后文seeing them as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends可知表示“从……到……”短语为from...to...。故填from。 【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：“无论是在家里还是在商店里，这些小动物都陪伴着我们，给我们的心灵带来温暖。”肖说道。此处作bring的宾语应用名词warmth，warmth为不可数名词。故填warmth。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李明，刚刚高中毕业，你的美国好友 Jim 给你写信祝贺并想了解你大学的专业学习计划。请你根据自己的情况用英语写封回信，主要内容包括： 1. 你的专业选择； 2. 你选择该专业的理由； 3. 为此你打算怎么做。 注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 文中不得出现人名、校名等真实个人信息； 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 4. 可适当发挥，使行文连贯；
5. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim,
Thanks for your best wishes!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours, Li Ming
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thanks for your best wishes!
I’m writing to tell you about the major I will choose in the university. I have decided to major in computer science. There are some reasons why I made such a decision. Firstly, with the development of society, computers are playing an important role in many aspects of our life. Secondly, browsing the Internet is one of my hobbies, so I can study computer science better. Last but not least, being good at computer science may help me find a good job after graduating from college.
I know there is a long way to go. So now I must devote myself to study and try my best to get good grades in all subjects. If I can learn computer science as I wish, I will focus on it and study hard to develop some software. Best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】 【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信，向朋友讲述自己大学的专业学习计划。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：四段式结构。第一段表示感谢（已给出）；第二段讲述大学专业学习和理由；第三段讲述为此打算如何做；第四段寒暄结束并表达期待（已给出）。 要求：1.表达感谢（已给出） 2.讲述大学专业选择及理由
1）专业选择：计算机科学专业（major in computer science） 2）理由（play an important role; one of my hobbies; find a good job） 3.打算如何做。（focus on; study hard） 4.寒暄结束并表达期待（已给出） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
decide to do; major in; play an important role; graduate from college; devote oneself to; try one’s best to; focus on 第三步：连词成句
1. I have decided to major in computer science.
2. Firstly, with the development of society, computers are playing an important role in many aspects of our life. 3. Last but not least, being good at computer science may help me find a good job after graduating from college. 4. So now I must devote myself to study and try my best to get good grades in all subjects.
5. If I can learn computer science as I wish, I will focus on it and study hard to develop some software. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表文章结构顺序：first of all; firstly/first; secondly/second…; and then; finally; in the end; at last 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 1.作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：
I’m writing to tell you about the major I will choose in the university.(我写信是想告诉你我将在大学选择的专业。)
这句话中“I will choose in the university”为定语从句，修饰先行词the major，从句中作宾语，关系代词可省略。
There are some reasons why I made such a decision.(我做出这样的决定是有原因的。)这句话中why引导定语从句。
If I can learn computer science as I wish, I will focus on it and study hard to develop some software.( 如果我可以如我所愿学习计算机科学，我会专注于它，努力学习，开发一些软件。)这句话中if引导条件状语从句。 2.使用了一些固定词组，如decide to do; major in; play an important role; graduate from college; devote oneself to; try one’s best to; focus on等。
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today, there are times when I remember his face clearly, especially his eyes. As he had yellow spots on his eyes we called him Spotty. He would have been a stray (流浪) dog, until he came to me.
I was seven years old. My dad had just got a new job in Nasik. We had moved into a rented house. It was raining very heavily on the day we moved.
It was a cold dark night. We had our meal and went to sleep. Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door. I gathered courage and looked out through the window and I was really amused with what I saw outside.
There was a small puppy lying on an old doormat which my mother had put outside the door. It was wet and trembling. At first it was difficult to see the lite one. It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realize its presence.
It was trying to get under the doormat to avoid the cold air outside and it had managed to get in as I could see only its head outside the doormat. Was it sick or injured?
I felt pity for the poor soul. I went in and came out with an old towel. I went near the innocent one and held it in my hand and wiped the puppy till he had become dry. I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen blanket and a small pillow. He seemed very healthy and comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately.
The next morning, everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest \"Shall we keep him with us?\" I questioned my mom.
Like any other parents would, my parents first tally refused my idea but my sister and I convinced them to keep Spotty.
Slowly Spotty got on with everyone and became one of the family members. Para. 1:
One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. Para. 2:
Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.
【答案】One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. Days passed on and one evening when Spotty returned from his long walk, he appeared very exhausted. He came to my room and sat near me. It was then that I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding. I called out my mother and she quickly tied a bandage around his leg and gave him food to eat. I was very upset. But the next day, Spotty was up to his usual pranks though he limped a bit. After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense. I really admired him a lot for his courage. Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. We came out and saw that he was barking continuously heading somewhere. After some time Spotty became quiet. I patted him on his back and came inside. The next day morning, my heart skipped a beat when I didn't see Spotty. I searched for him in each and every corner but he was nowhere. And this time he had gone and would never come back. I cried and waited for him. We waited for one long week. But there were no signs of him. Then one day my Dad got transferred to Mumbai. We shifted back to Mumbai. What would have happened to Spotty? Would he have died? These were the only questions in my mind, but they all remained unanswered forever. 【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇读后续写。本文主要描述了作者小时候收养流浪狗“点点”那天的情景。
【详解】第一段的开头是：一天，点点从日常散步回来后腿受伤了。所以可以接着写：几天过去了，一天点点回来时，看上去很无力。这时我才发现的它的一条后腿受伤了，而且正在流血。我大声叫妈妈拿绷带过来给它包扎，并给它拿了一些吃的。看着它受伤，我很伤心。可是第二天，点点照样像往常一样和我们
玩闹，尽管它的腿还瘸着。从那以后，我更喜欢它了，因为它非常勇敢。第二段的开头是：差不多一年以后，一天午夜我们听到点点撕心裂肺地叫。所以可以接着写：我们赶快出去，看见点点还在朝着一个方向疯狂地叫着。过了一会，它安静了下来。我抚摸着它的背，安慰它。可是，第二天早上我却没有看见点点。我们找遍了附近它常去的地方，都没有发现它。几天过了，还是没有发现点点的踪迹，它就这样消失了，再也没有回来。我希望它仍然在世界的某处快乐的活着。 续写时应注意时态，所写内容要符合逻辑。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：It was then that I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding.中使用了强调句；We came out and saw that he was barking continuously heading somewhere.中that引导宾语从句；But the next day, Spotty was up to his usual pranks though he limped a bit.中though引导让步状语从句。
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