东北师范大学第五届模拟联合国大会决议草案（中文决议草案
委员会：社会，人道主义和文化委员会
议题：武装冲突下的国际难民问题
起草国：中国，美国，法国，乌干达，南非，沙特阿拉伯 ，巴西
附议国：日本，韩国 ，埃塞俄比亚，刚果金，德国，英国，加拿大，澳大利亚，印度，塞尔维亚，土耳其，阿富汗，以色列，挪威，格鲁吉亚
草案编号：1.1
回顾其以往签订的条约及各项相关决议，包括《联合国难民认定议定书》、《联合国难民认定公约》、《日内瓦公约》以及第1265(1999)号决议、第1612（2005）号决议、第1674（2006）号决议，
深信解决武装冲突下的国际难民问题对于维护世界和平，促进人类文明的进步有重大意义，确认此问题的有效解决将对世界各国的发展以及相互之间的合作与交流起到积极的作用，
强调在联合国的框架下解决此问题，并赞赏联合国有关机构在之前为解决此问题所作出的贡献，欣见各国在解决该问题上所作出的努力，
认定应在遵守《联合国宪章》及《世界人权宣言》相关条款下，各国应团结合作致力于武装冲突下的国际难民问题的解决：
1建议在解决武装冲突下的国际难民问题中各国应做到标本兼治，既要治标，积极保护和救助现有难民；更要治本，消除战乱，发展经济,具体开展下列工作：
a.各国共同呼吁更多的宗教关怀与民族和解，避免由宗教争执与民族矛盾引起的武装冲突，并通过和平谈判解决争端。若和平谈判难以实现，则在不干涉内政的前提下，坚持以联合国为中心，维和部队帮助各冲突发生国的政府解决动乱；
b.成立政策性开发银行，专门负责筹集资金对难民地区进行人道主义援助，各国应以政府的形式参与其中：
i呼吁各国对于非洲的难民问题予以资金支持，同时对于难民国如何更好的建立基础设施和医疗保障体系提供技术上的支持；
ii要求各国给予中东国家大力支持(包括资金，基础建设，难民点安置方案，及医疗卫生，安全)，着重点是难民安置国与难民国；
2、呼吁各国尊重难民的人权，已获得其合法权利的保护，
a. 强调各国应以立法的形式保障难民正当权利；
b.重申《世界人权宣言》和《公民权利和政治权利国际盟约》有效性；
3、支持联合国难民署的工作，并应充分发挥联合国难民署在解决难民问题上的建设性作用。呼吁还没加入《难民公约》和《议定书》的国家积极加入；
4、尊重非政府组织在解决难民问题上的积极贡献，鼓励国际社会对非政府组织的支持，
加强各方对话以促进该问题的更好解决；
5、坚持“不推回原则”，即确认难民有权不被强行送回或驱逐到生命、自由受到威胁的地方；
6、鉴于一些国家的对难民准入的限制政策，通过相关国际机构的协商使各国在难民入境和临时庇护方面予以积极配合，使难民安全转入第三国安置或等到来源国危机消除后同意其自愿返遣的原则；
7、鉴于全球难民中的绝大多数都被发展中国家收容，这些国家最大限度的履行人道主义的国际义务，故强烈呼吁国际社会必须建立真正有效的机制分担相关责任和义务，并且各国应具有同等的话语权，
a.在联合国各委员会下建立稳定有效地关于解决难民问题的专门机构；
b.联合国安全理事会派出观察员常驻世界难民产生地区；
8、针对突发性大规模难民潮，应建立地区性和国际性的预警应对机制，鼓励各国对话协商，完善监督制度把危害降到最低；
9、敦促各国对于本国境内的长期难民在尊重难民自身意愿的情况下，使难民在就业、教育、医疗卫生等方面享有同等的权利并受到本国法律的保护；
10、严重关切地注意到国际难民救助资金募集艰难的问题，要求各国依据本国在这一问题上应承担的责任大小以及在世界上的经济实力决定其在联合国难民署的指导性作用下资金援助的多少；
11、关注人权，推动人权事业向前迈进，保障难民中妇女与儿童的特殊权益，国际社会为适龄儿童接受教育做出应有贡献。
Draft Resolution
Committee: Disarmament and International Security Committee
T o p I c: Denuclearization of Korean peninsular
Sponors: America, England, Iseal , Ukraine, South Africa , Russia, Brazil ,Korea, Germany
Signatories: JAPAN , INDIA, BRAZIL, AUSTRALIA, Libya ,CUBA,PAKISTAN
Recalling its previous relevant resolutions, including resolution 825 (1993), resolution 1540 (2004), resolution 1695 (2006), and, in particular, resolution 1718 (2006),1874(2009), as well as the statements of its President of 6 October 2006 (S/PRST/2006/41) and 13 April 2009 (S/PRST/2009/7),
Reaffirming that proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and security,
Expressing the gravest concern at the nuclear test conducted by the Democratic People Republic of Koreaon 25 May 2009 (local time) in violati of resolution 1718 (2006), and at the challenge such a test constitutes to international
efforts aimed at strengthening the global regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons towards the 2010 NPT Review Conference, and the danger it poses to peace and stability in the region and beyond,
Stressing its collective support for the NPT and commitment to strengthen the Treaty in all its aspects, and global efforts towards nuclear non-proliferation and recalling that the DPRK cannot have the status of a
nuclear disarmament, and nuclear-weapon state in accordance with the NPT in any case,
Deploring the DPRK announcement of withdrawal from the NPT and its
pursuit of nuclear weapons,
Underlining once again the importance that the DPRK respond to other
security and humanitarian concerns of the international community,
Underlining also that measures imposed by this resolution are not intended to have adverse humanitarian consequences for the civilian population of the DPRK,
Expressing its gravest concern that the nuclear test and missile activities
carried out by the DPRK have further generated increased tension in the region and determining that there continues to exist a clear threat to international
beyond, and peace and security,
Reaffirming the importance that all Member States uphold the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations,
Ⅰ.National organization，
1．Demands that United Nations
(1) Playing a pivotal role preventing the nuclear proliferation,
(2) Acting on the historic resolutions the UN passed like Resolution 1874, resolution 1718 (2006)
(3) Giving international pressure on the countries that break the rules and developing nuclear weapons or test nuclear weapons illegally,
2. Calls for the Security council
(2) Strengthening the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty,
(3) Responding and determining as necessary as its role when violations of nuclear peace threaten international security,
3. Requires that the International Atomic Energy Agency (the IAEA)
(1) Strengthening the international nuclear inspections,
(2) Preventing the illicit trafficking and smuggling of nuclear materials and weapons,
(3) Strengthening the institutions to help prevent nuclear materials from falling into the hand of terrorists,
(4) E xpanding the resources and authorities it needs to meet its responsibilities
4. To be fair,,build a supervision to regulate the two nation’s relationships, to the reduce of nuclear weapons ,stop the future military test without qualification and take the denuclearization of the D.P.R.K .
Ⅱ.Demands to Nations who have nuclear weapons （nuclear powers）
1. Reducing nuclear weapons
2. Protecting the nuclear weapons and securing the nuclear materials to prevent them from ever falling into the hand of terrorists
(1) Taking specific and concrete actions to secure the nuclear materials,
(2) Preventing illicit trafficking and smuggling of nuclear materials and weapons,
(3) deepening the cooperation and partnerships to prevent the nuclear materials from ever falling into the hand of terrorists，
Ⅲ.Ask for that All the nations in the world
1. Trying to stop the spread of the nuclear weapons,
2. Preventing the black market trade in nuclear weapons and nuclear materials,
3. Building a framework for civil cooperation, including an including an international fuel bank, so that countries an access peaceful energy without the risk of the proliferation,
4. Standing together for the right of people to live in a world without fear of nuclear weapons,
5. Centering on the global non-proliferation,
6. Stopping the spread of nuclear weapons together and securing the world,
7. Countries with nuclear weapons move to disarmament, country without nuclear weapons will not acquire it, and all countries can access peaceful nuclear energy
8. seeking engagement with North Korea and believing in dialogue,
9. Fighting against the nuclear terrorism and standing together to secure our global security –our collective security
10. Deepening our cooperation and strengthening the institutions and partnerships that help protect the world,
11. Solving the problem in consensus, not in isolation ,
12．Condemns in the strongest terms the nuclear test conducted by the DPRK
(local time) in violation and flagrant disregard of its relevant
resolutions, in particular resolutions 1695 (2006) and 1718 (2006), and the statement of its President of 13 April 2009 (S/PRST/2009/7);
13.Demands that the DPRK not conduct any further nuclear test or any launch using ballistic missile technology;
14.Demands that the DPRK immediately comply fully with its obligations under relevant Security Council resolutions, in particular resolution 1718 (2006)
15.Demands that the DPRK immediately retract its announcement of
withdrawal from the NPT
16.Calls upon all Member States to implement their obligations pursuant to
resolution 1718 (2006), including with respect to designations made by the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1718 (2006) pursuant to the statement of its President of 13 April 2009 (S/PRST/2009/7)
17.the North Korea transferres its nuclear military facility to a reliable international organization , such as IAEA or the UN Security Council;The transmitted organization should: expands the duties of the custodian to accept the North Korean nuclear facilities;subject to the supervision of the IAEA and other international community, including the supervision of the developing countries to ensure the safe handling of nuclear materials;ensure to make the process fair, open and transparent;the international community promise to give some assistance to the North Korea when it makes substantive actions;
18. Facing and confronting the challenge together
19. Making real progress on the security of our people ,of the world,
20. Confronting it not by splitting apart but by standing together as free nations ,as free people ,
21. Bridging our divisions, building our hopes, accepting our responsibilities to leave the world more prosperous and more peaceful than we found it.
22. Making sure that the UK as the main representative of EU in the process of the denuclearization of North Peninsula which is responsible for providing the
humanitarian aid for North Korea
23. Empowering the UK as the supervisor of the committee which is supposed to be set up in the Security Council to ensure the elimination of the mass destructive weapons is done in a general and peaceful way.
24.The UK as the main representative of EU in the process of the denuclearization of North Peninsula would like to provide the humanitarian aid for North Korea, together with Germany.
25. The EU plays an important role in solving the problem. The UK as the supervisor of the committee is willing to ensure the elimination of the mass destructive weapons would be done in a general and peaceful way.
26. put all international aid into the world bank, the DPRK will get aid from it if DPRK do something to dropping off its nuclear weapons under the IAEA
27. cooperate between developing and developed countries , U.S will provide its neighboring countries with more financial aids, and the united stateswill take effect in some former and feasible treaties toward the South America, in order to build the trust between developed countries and developing countries.
大会决议
[未经发交主要委员会而通过(A/55/L.60 和Add.1)]
55/171. 关闭切尔诺贝利核电站
大会
重申其1990 年12 月21 日第45/190号1991 年12月18 日第46/150 号
1992年12月18 日第47/165 号1993 年12月21日第48/206号1995年12月
20 日第50/134号1997年12月16日第52/172号和1999 年12月8 日第54/97
号决议
意识到切尔诺贝利核电站灾难后果的长期性就规模而言这是一起重大的
技术灾难在受影响国家造成了各种人道主义环境社会经济和健康后果
赞赏联合国系统各组织和会员国在减轻和尽量减少切尔诺贝利灾难的后果
方面所作的努力特别是七国集团和欧洲联盟成员及其他国家对按照七国集团成
员国政府欧洲共同体委员会和乌克兰政府之间的谅解备忘录给予旨在确保遮
盖切尔诺贝利被毁反应堆的石棺的环境安全的掩体实施计划所作的贡献
关切地注意到关闭切尔诺贝利核电站对乌克兰所产生的严重经济和社会问
题
1. 欢迎乌克兰决定于2000 年12 月15 日关闭切尔诺贝利核电站
2. 吁请国际社会继续援助乌克兰政府应付关闭切尔诺贝利核电站所新产
生的各种经济和社会问题
3. 邀请所有国家和有关国际组织和非政府组织继续向最受影响的国家白
俄罗斯俄罗斯联邦和乌克提供支助减轻和尽量减少切尔诺贝利灾难的后果
2000 年12 月14 日
第85 次全体会议
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