1.【山东省实验中学2016届高三上学期第三次诊断】短文改错（共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Thomas,
I feel sorry to know your worries about getting fatter and fatter so that you have failed the sports test. Nothing can be more disappointment than that.
As far as I am concerned, there are many reasons cause your failure in a test. Firstly, you are very lazy to have regular sports. In fact, sports can help you keep fit and energy. Secondly, you eat too much meat, that makes you gain weight easily. Finally, you sleep more than you need. There was no denying that it is all these things that have caused your problem and your worries. As I stated above, you should first eat less meat but more fruits and vegetable. And then you should have regular sports so that you can burn the fat that builds up in your body and to become slim.
Hope my advice is some help to you.
Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】
71.disappointment→disappointing 72.加that/which;cause→causing 73.a→the 74.very→too 75.energy→energetic 76.that→which
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77.was→is
78.vegetable→vegetables 79.去掉and/to 80.加of
72.加that/which;cause→causing考查关系词。可看成是一句从句，也可把cause看成非谓语动词，所以加that/which;cause→causing。
73.a→the考查冠词。上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。 74.very→too考查副词。Too...to..结构，表示太....以至于不能....，故用too 75.energy→energetic考查形容词。Keep energetic保持活力，用energetic。 76.that→which考查关系词。非限制性定语从句，故用which。 77.was→is考查动词时态。本文使用一般现在时，用is。
78.vegetable→vegetables考查名词。可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。
79.去掉and/to考查连词和介词。可以表示一个结果，也可以表示并列，但是这两者不能并存，去掉and/to。
80.加of考查介词。Be of +名词与这个名词的形容词效果一样，加of。 考点：考查了动词、介词、冠词、名词、形容词、时态等的用法 【学法指导】
在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：
1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第78小题more fruits and vegetable，可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。
2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第77小题There was no denying that，本文使用一般现在时，用is。
3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。
4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用
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5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。
6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。比如73小题in a test，上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。
7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。
8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如but）的时候用了承接连词（so），或相反等等。
9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。
10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错，比如第80小题Hope my advice is some help to you.，Be of +名词=形容词的固定搭配使用错误，加of。 2.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2016届高三元月调研】 Dear Ms. Helen,
I am pleasing to offer you the position of after-sales manager in our company starting on 16 June, 2016. You were given the right to discuss this offer and to seek advices on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a lawyer, or someone else you trust. Unless you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visiting our website.
Also, if you disagree this offer or wish to clarify something in it, please ring myself to discuss any issue you wish to raise.
If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept an offer of employment, please sign this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2016. In case of I have not heard from you by that date, this offer will be automatical withdrawn. Li Hua 【答案】
71.pleasing---pleased 72.were---are 73.advices---advice 74.Unless---If 75.visiting--- visit 76.disagree后添加with 77.myself---me 78.an---the
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79.去掉please
80.automatical---automatically 【解析】
71.pleasing---pleased考查形容词。形容人应该用-ed形式的形容词，故改为pleased。 72.were---are考查时态。本文是一般现在时，故改为are。
73.advices---advice考查单复数。根据语境可知这里是单数形式的建议，故改为advice。 74.Unless---If考查虚拟语气。这里是表示疑问性的虚拟语气，需要表示“如果”的词汇，故改为If。
75.visiting--- visit考查动词。Or前后的动词的格式结构相同，前面是原形，后面也应是原形，故改为visit。
76.disagree后添加with 考查固定结构。Disagree with sth./sb.是固定结构，故添加with。
考点：考查词汇和语法的运用。
3.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加；在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每句错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Many years before I failed the entrance exam and had to go to a ordinary college. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently to me. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere of classroom. Later, I decided to treasure for my college time. I worked hard but got along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, that greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated. My experience tells me that it is what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are. 【答案】 81. before → ago
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82. go to a → go to an
83. Disappointing → Disappointed 84. patiently → patient 85. treasure for → treasure 86. but → and 87. are → were 88. student → students 89. that → which
90. what → not what 【解析】
试题分析:
81. before → ago ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”，常与动词一般过去式连用。而且ago
只能作副词。before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”，常与过去完成式连用。而before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。此处应用ago。
82. . go to a → go to an ordinary以元音开头，因此应用不定冠词an。
83. Disappointing → Disappointed disappointed感到失望的，disappointing令人失望的，根据
句意，应用disappointed。
84. patiently → patient 此处形容词作补语，故改为patient。
85. treasure for → treasure treasure为及物动词，可直接接宾语，故改为treasure。 86. but → and前后句并无转折联系，因此改为and。
4.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线( \\ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
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2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
After a couple of year away from my hometown, I find it has changed a lot. The old fish shop across the street has gone. There exist now a park that has a small river run through. The factory on Friendship Street has been moved out the city and a sports center is now in their place. The market at corner of Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to my middle school was still there. 【答案】 71.year → years 72.has → is 73.exist → exists 74.run → running 75.moved out 后加of 76.their → its 77.corner前加the 78.been 去掉 79.Besides → But 80.was → is 【解析】
试题分析：通过阅读并修改此短文，考查学生对固定搭配，动词时态和语态，名词的单复数问题，以及非谓语动词的辨别和运用。
71.year → years 考查可数名词的复数。a couple of 意思是：两三个，后面用复数名词years。 72.第二行的第一个has → is 考查形容词。gone这里是形容词，所以用is构成系表结构。 73.exist → exists 考查谓语动词。a park是主语，后置，所以用动词的单三形式exists。 74.run → running 考查非谓语动词。，running through是定语修饰a small river，run的逻辑主语是a small river，所以用动词的-ing形式。
75.moved out 后加of 考查短语。move out of the city搬出这个城市。
76.their → its 考查代词。its代替前面的a sports center，in one’s place 在某地。 77.corner前加the 考查冠词，这里用the表特指。
78.been 去掉 考查语态。句意：在新华路拐角的市场已经让位于一个超市。这里是主动的关系，所以去掉been。
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79.Besides → But 考查关系词。前后表转折关系，用but，Besides的意思是：而且。 80.was → is 考查动词的时态。全文用一般现在时，所以用is，was是过去式。 考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。
5.【广东省惠州市2016届高三上学期第三次调研】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My family was very poor when I was a child. My parents lost their jobs or lived with heavy pressure. As a result, I wanted to study hardly so as to have different future. During my high school life, I spent all my time studied those difficult subjects, which made me one of the best student in our school. After graduation, I was admitted in a key university where I meet a lot of interesting friends. Now, I am working in a big company and I am able to afford anything I wanted. What’s more, my parents also have been found new jobs. So I believe that our dream will came true if we try our best. 【答案】 51.or → and 52.hardly → hard
53.different future 前加a 54.studied → studying 55.student → students 56.in → to / into / by 57.meet → met 58.wanted →want 59.去掉been 60.came → come
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52.hardly → hard 考查副词。句意：我想努力地学习。hardly几乎不，hard 努力。 53.different future 前加a 考查冠词。future是可数名词，这里是指一个不同的未来，用a。 54.studied → studying 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 所以用studying。 55.student → students 考查复数名词。one of 后面用复数名词students。 56.in → to / into / by 考查固定搭配。be admitted to/ into / by 被…..录取。 57.meet → met 考查动词时态。本句是过去式，所以用动词的过去式met。 58.wanted → want 考查动词时态。本句是一般现在时，所以用原形want。 59.去掉been 考查时态语态。主语和谓语之间是主动关系，所以去掉been。 60.came → come 考查谓语动词。will后用动词原形come。 考点：短文改错。
6.【四川省资阳市2016届高三上学期第二次诊断】请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词； 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One Monday afternoon, we were playing the basketball on the playground while Isuddenly slipped and fell over. On seeing that, all my classmates rushed to me. Under the help of several other students, Li Xiang, one of my best friend put me on his back and head for the clinic immediately. It turned out that my right ankle got hurt but I had to be sent to hospital.He did not leave until ambulance arrived. The following day, he came to see me. To my
greatly relief, he brought textbooks with them and helped me with my lessons. It was a great pleasure to have such a devoting friend. 【答案】
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71.playing后去掉the 72.while → when 73.Under →With 74.friend→friends 75.head→headed 76.but→and/so 77.until后面加the/an 78.greatly →great 79.them→him 80.devoting→devoted 【解析】
试题分析：通过阅读修改此短文，考查学生对英语语法的应用，包括连词，冠词，动词时态和语态，形容词和副词的区别，名词的单复数问题等。
71.playing后去掉the 考查冠词。play basketball 没有冠词，意思是：打篮球。
72. while → when 考查固定搭配。be doing when 是固定用法，意思是：某事正在发生这时……。
73.Under → With 考查固定搭配。with the help of …在……的帮助下。所以Under →With。 74.friend → friends 考查名词。one of 后面用复数名词，所以friend→friends。
75.head → headed 考查动词的一致性。全文都是过去式，这里应该一致，所以head→headed。
76.but → and/so 考查连词。这里前后是并列或者因果关系，所以but→and/so。 77.until后面加the/an 考查冠词。ambulance 是可数名词，前面用冠词the/an，表特指或泛指。
78.greatly → great 考查形容词。形容词 great修饰名词relief。 79.them → him 考查代词。他随身带来课本，所以用him。 80.devoting → devoted 考查形容词。devoted 忠诚的 修饰名词。 考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。
7.【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】下面短文中有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
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删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This morning I went to the supermarket, buying a toy and went to see my nephew , a 8-year-old boy named Jack. She was playing with some of his friend in the yard when I arrived there. The moment he found that I came to see him with his most favorite toy, Jack jumped with joy. Every boy and girl present wanted very much to have a look the toy. However, Jack doesn’t want his friends to see it. He was about to hide the toy then I stopped him. “Let your friends to play with your toy as well, Jack — you must learn to share.” I said. Realized that he was wrong, Jack played with the toy together with his friends. 【答案】
71.buying改为 bought 72.a改为an 73.She改为He 74.friend改为 friends 75.去掉most 76.look后加 at 77.doesn’t改为 didn’t 78.then改为 when 79.去掉to
80.realized改为 realizing
72.a改为an 考查冠词。8-year-old是元音开头，boy是可数名词，一个用an。 73.She改为He 考查代词。这里指我8岁的侄子，所以She改为He。
74.friend改为 friends 考查复数名词。some of 后用复数，所以friend改为 friends。
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75.去掉most 考查形容词的用法。favorite 最喜欢的，本身就含有最的意思，所以去掉most。 76.look后加 at 考查固定搭配。have a look at 看一眼……。
77.doesn’t改为 didn’t 考查时态的一致性。本文讲述过去的事情，所以用助动词didn’t。 78.then改为 when 考查固定搭配。be about to do sth. when…意思是：正要做某事这时……。 79.去掉to 考查固定搭配。let somebody do sth.让某人做某事，后面用动词原形做宾语补足语。
80.realized改为 realizing 考查非谓语动词。Jack是realize的逻辑主语，所以用realizing。 考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。
8.【安徽省“皖南八校”2016届高三第二次联考】Good morning, everyone! I'd like to share a quote with you, which go like this: “Time is said to be money, but it is more-it is life.” It is true that time is great value. After all, anything is more precious than time. In our daily life, we've often been told that lose time will never return. To be honest, I am used to spend plenty of time playing computer games, what made me fall far behind my classmates. Have realized how much time l wasted, I've made up my minds to work hard to catch up with them. Wasting time is just like wasting part of our lives. Such valuable is time that if you want your dreams to come true, you should make the more of it. 【答案】 56.go---goes 57.加of
58.anything--nothing 59.lose--lost 60.去掉am 61.what--which 62.Have--Having, 63.minds--mind, 64.Such--So, 65.more---most/best 【解析】
试题分析：时间就是金钱、就是生命。本文是一篇号召珍惜时间的演讲。
56.go---goes 考查动词主谓一致。Which引导定语从句指代一件事，谓语动词用单数，因此
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go---goes。
57.is后面加of 考查介词。根据后面抽象名词value，可知是be+of +名词结构，因此is后面加of。
58.if 考查连词。根据句意：没有什么能比时间珍贵，得知这里是表示否定，因此anything--nothing 。
59. lose--lost 考查非谓语动词。此处是表示被动完成，用过去分词结构，“失去的”，因此 lose--lost。
60. 去掉am 考查动词短语。根据句意：我过去总是浪费大量时间玩电脑游戏，“过去常常”used to do，因此去掉am。
61.what--which 考查关系代词。用Which引导定语从句指代一件事“玩电脑”，因此what--which。
9.【河南省郑州市2016年高三上学期第一次质量预测】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral presentation from my memory, for reading from the paper wasn’t allowing. The real moment began before I stood on the platform with my legs trembling or my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patient. Gradually, I found me back, giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before a big audience had disappeared. Actually, now I’ve become a great speaker! 【答案】
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71.make后添加a 72.to---on 73.去掉more 74.allowing---allowed 75.before---when 76.or---and
77.patiedt---patiently 78.me---myself 79.speak---speaking 80.had---has 【解析】
71.make后添加a考查固定结构。Make a speech意为“做一个演讲”，是固定结构，故添加a。 72.to---on考查短语。fix on意为“集中于”，故改为on。
73.去掉more考查成分多于。根据句意可知这里是我没有选择，故去掉more。 74.allowing---allowed考查被动语态。这里是被允许，是被动语态，故改为allowed。 75.before---when考查固定结构。The moment…when是固定用法，故改为when。 76.or---and考查and的用法。陈述句中的和用and表示，故改为and。 77.patiedt---patiently考查副词。Patiently用来形容wait，故改为patiently。
78.me---myself考查固定结构。Find oneself back意为找回某人自己，故改为myself。 79.speak---speaking考查动词。Of是介词，介词后面动词用-ing的形式，故改为speaking。 80.had---has考查时态。本文是一般现在是，所以此处的完成时也应该是现在完成时，并且主语为单数，故改为has。 考点：考查词汇和句型的运用。
10.【山东省德州市2016届高三上学期期末统考】Dear Barbara，
How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you．I have admitted to Berkely school in California．More than 3000 students took exams for it，but only a few was chosen and I was one of them．Therefore，my parents are not happy about it．They are strong against me going there．They say it is too far away that they will not see me for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel homesick．They can’t imagine so young a girl like me live alone．They advise me to choose a university near my home instead．Then I would be able to continue living with them．How can I persuade them to accept the fact what I have grown up?
Yours Faithfully
Jane Blair
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【答案】 71.去掉a 72. 加上been 73.was →were 74.Therefore→However 75.strong→ strongly 76.too→so
77.of去掉，或者of→ that 78.live→ living 79.would→ will 80.what→that
73.was →were考查谓语动词。主语I后面应该用谓语动词were，故把was改成were。 74.Therefore→However考查副词。根据上下文可知此处表示“转折”，所以应该用However，故把Therefore改成However。
75.strong→ strongly 考查副词。此处副词strongly用来修饰动词against，故把strong改成strongly。
76.too→so考查连词。so…that…固定搭配，表示“如此……以至于”，故把too改成so。 77.of去掉，或者of→ that考查介词。此处afraid后面是句子，而be afraid of后面应该接短语，所以应该将of去掉或者改成that引导的宾语从句。
78.live→ living考查动名词。Imagine doing sth.固定搭配。所以imagine后面应该接动词Ing形式，故把live改成living。
79.would→ will考查情态动词。由于此处表达的是一般将来时的含义，所以应该用情态动词will，故把would改成will。
80.what→that考查关系代词。此处the fact后面接的从句是定语从句，用来修饰the fact，
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所以应该用关系代词that修饰，故把what改成that。
11.【山东省淄博市淄川第一中学2016届高三上学期期末】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Ladies and gentlemen，
It’s my honor to give a speech here．After-class activities play a important part in our school life．Proper activities help enrich our lives，broaden our horizons or develop our personalities.
Mine own experience can serve as a case in point. When I was in Senior one，I become a member of our drama club，that I used to visit on weekends．Since my participation in various activities organizing by the club，I achieved a lot．
These activities bring me a lot of funs，provide me with good opportunities to develop new friend-ships and open a window through which I have a brand-new outlook．With so much advantages shown above，why not to join us at once？ 【答案】 71.a---an 72.or---and 73.Mine---Wy 74.become---became 75.that---which
76.organizing---organized 77.I前添加have 78.funs---fun 79.much---many 80.去掉to 【解析】
71.a---an考查冠词。Important的首字母发音是元音，前面冠词需要用an，故改为an。 72.or---and考查and的用法。陈述句中的和用and表示，故改为and。
73.Mine---My考查形容词性物主代词。这里应该是形容词性的物主代词，故改为My。 74.become---became考查时态。本文为一般过去时，故改为became。
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75.that---which考查非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中不作任何成分，并且有逗号隔开，故改为which。
76.organizing---organized考查activities和organize之间构成被动关系，故改为organized。
考点：考查词汇和句型的用法。
12.【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2016届高三上学期期末】短文中共有10处语言错误，每句话最多两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在此处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出增加的词; 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉;
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。
Everyone has a dream. We are on the way to achieve it whether the way is smooth or toughly. As senior 3 student, I have the same dream as my classmates that I can be admitted to an ideal university. In the past three years, I have done everything I can to equip myself with that I have learnt from my teachers. Not only have I enjoyed the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to my dream. Anxious and pressure did discourage from me at times. Besides, with the encouragement of my teachers and classmates, I think I’ll make it.
I’m sure that there has still a long way to go to achieve my dream. No matter how challenged it is, I’ll make it come true. As the proverb said,” Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” 【答案】
1.achieve改为achieving 2.toughly改为tough 3.Senior前加 a 4.that改为what 5.anxious改为anxiety 6.去掉from
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7.Besides改为However 8.has改为is
9.challenged改为challenging 10.said改为says 【解析】
1.achieve改为achieving；固定用法：be on the way to doing。这里的to是介词，后面应该用动名词形式。故将achieve改为achieving。
2.toughly改为tough；考查形容词修饰系动词。is是系动词，应该用形容词来修饰，toughly是副词。故将toughly改为tough。
3.Senior前加 a；考查冠词。student是可数名词。故在Senior前加 a。
4.把equip myself with 后的that改为what；考查宾语从句。with是介词，后面应该接宾语，that不能引导宾语从句。故把equip myself with 后的that改为what。
5.anxious改为anxiety；这一句的主语是anxious and pressure，但是anxious是形容词，不能做主语，故将anxious改为anxiety。
6.去掉from；固定用法。discourage 是及物动词，后面直接接名词。故去掉from。 7.Besides改为However；前一句句意;紧张和压力有时候确实会让我泄气。后一句句意：在老师和同学的鼓励下，我认为我可以成功。两句没有明显的并列关系，而是转折的关系，故将Besides改为However。
8.has改为is；固定句型：there be 句型。故将has改为is。
9.challenged改为challenging；考查challenge的形容词词意。challenged受到挑战的；challenging具有挑战性的。而文中句意，根据上下文，应该是无论它有多具有挑战力…故将challenged改为challenging。
10.said改为says；常规用法。名言、谚语、俗语等是客观存在的，应该用一般现在时来表达，故将said改为says。 【名师点睛】 短文改错答题技巧
一、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型 1、谓语动词的时态和语态 2、句子结构和句子完整性 3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题 4、上下文语意和代词
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5、介词 固定搭配 6、固定（习惯）用法
7、形容词和副词是否误用及其比较等级是否正确； 8、冠词。取舍与选择是否正确 9、连词和从句引导词
10、非谓语动词的形式是否正确 二、命题趋势
词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑
1. 一致关系：包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等。
2.平行结构：包括动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配等。常由并列连词或词组连接。如：and， or ， but，neither…nor…, as well as 等. 例如第7题，前一句句意;紧张和压力有时候确实会让我泄气。后一句句意：在老师和同学的鼓励下，我认为我可以成功。两句没有明显的并列关系，而是转折的关系，故将Besides改为However。
3. 非谓语动词的用法：如to的省略，过去分词与现在分词的误用等。 4．多余词或者缺词：常常是介词、副词等的多余或缺少。
例如第3题，student是可数名词，但是在文章中既没有用复数形式，也没有冠词，因此可以知道这里缺冠词。故在Senior前加 a。 5．词性的混用。 6．行文逻辑判断等 三、注意事项：
（一）改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好
（二）分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇（详见考查要点）角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及 到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。
（三）做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。
13.【吉林省吉林大学附属中学2016届高三上学期第四次摸底】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面出该加的词。
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删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The water we drink and use was running short. We all have to learn how to stop wasted water. One
of the step that we should take is to find ways of reusing them. Today in the most large cities, fresh water
is used only once and then it runs in a waste system. But it is possibly to pipe the used water to a purifying factory, when the used water can be treated with chemical materials by the workers so that it can be reused. But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would have enough water. 【答案】 1.was改为is 2.wasted改为wasting 3.step改为steps 4.them改为it
5.in the most large去掉the 6.in改为into
7.possibly改为possible 8.when改为where 9.it’s改为its 10.would后加not
3.step改为steps；考查名词复数。one of +名词复数，表示…中之一。故将step改为steps。 4.them改为it；考查代词。这一句的句意：其中的一个步骤就是要拒绝浪费用水。这里的代词应该是代指浪费用水这一件事情，them是复数。故将them改为it。
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5.in the most large去掉the；考查冠词的用法。most表示最高级时前面才需要加定冠词the,而此处是“大多数”的意思，故将the去掉。
6.in改为into；考查介词的用法。in是表示的动作位置的静态介词，表示“在…里面”；而into是表示动作方向的动态介词，表示“到…里面去”，常与表示动作的动词（如：come, go, run, rush等）连用，故将in改为into。
7.possibly改为possible；考查系动词的用法。is是系动词，后面一般接名词，形容词等。possibly是副词。故将possibly改为possible。
8.when改为where；考查非限制性定语从句。先行词factory是一个地点名词，所以应该用地点关系副词where来引导定语从句。故将when改为where。
9.it’s改为its；考查代词。every large city purified and reused it’s water,句意：每个大城市都净化并且重新利用它的废水。it’s是it is的缩写形式，故将it’s改为its。
10.would后加not；根据上文内容可知此处说的是将来没有水来利用，表示否定意思，故在would后加not。 【名师点睛】 短文改错答题技巧
一、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型 1、谓语动词的时态和语态 2、句子结构和句子完整性 3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题 4、上下文语意和代词 5、介词 固定搭配 6、固定（习惯）用法
7、形容词和副词是否误用及其比较等级是否正确； 8、冠词。取舍与选择是否正确 9、连词和从句引导词
10、非谓语动词的形式是否正确 二、命题趋势
词法错误、句法错误和行文逻辑
2. 一致关系：包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致等。
2.平行结构：包括动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配等。常由并列连词或词组连接。如：and， or ， but，neither…nor…, as well as 等. 3. 非谓语动词的用法：如to的省略，过去分词与现在分词的误用等。
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4．多余词或者缺词：常常是介词、副词等的多余或缺少。
例如第5题，考查冠词的用法。most表示最高级时前面才需要加定冠词the,而此处是“大多数”的意思，故将the去掉。 5．词性的混用。 6．行文逻辑判断等 三、注意事项：
（一）改前通读全文, 切忌拿来就改，这一步很关键。这一步的目标是了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。记叙文强调时间、地点、人物和事件四要素，在通读全文理解全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好
（二）分句阅读，逐行找错。在纠错时要仔细地读懂每一个句子，这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇（详见考查要点）角度着重分析和特别注意。把涉及 到以上错误类型的词多斟酌一下。
（三）做将答案放回原文,再重读全文。其目的主要是查看有无不符合逻辑,语句不通畅,不符合英语习惯的问题。 考点：考查短文改错
14. 【河南省商丘市2015届高三第二次模拟考试】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加；在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每句错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Many years before I failed the entrance exam and had to go to a ordinary college. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently to me. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere of classroom. Later, I decided to treasure for my college time. I worked hard but got along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, that greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated. My experience tells me that it is what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.
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【答案】 91. before → ago
92. go to a → go to an
93. Disappointing → Disappointed 94. patiently → patient 95. treasure for → treasure 96. but → and 97. are → were 98. student → students 99. that → which
100. what → not what 【解析】
试题分析:
87. before → ago ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”，常与动词一般过去式连用。而且ago
只能作副词。before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”，常与过去完成式连用。而before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。此处应用ago。
88. . go to a → go to an ordinary以元音开头，因此应用不定冠词an。
89. Disappointing → Disappointed disappointed感到失望的，disappointing令人失望的，根据
句意，应用disappointed。
90. patiently → patient 此处形容词作补语，故改为patient。
91. treasure for → treasure treasure为及物动词，可直接接宾语，故改为treasure。 92. but → and前后句并无转折联系，因此改为and。
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